Renal, Urinary, Reproductive System Exam with Complete Solution

The nursing instructor asks a nursing student to list the functions of the amniotic fluid. The student needs further teaching if which responses are made? Select all that apply. 1.Allows for fetal movement 2.Is a mea ...

The nursing instructor asks a nursing student to list the functions of the amniotic fluid. The student needs further teaching if which responses are made? Select all that apply. 1.Allows for fetal movement 2.Is a measure of kidney function 3.Surrounds, cushions, and protects the fetus 4.Maintains the body temperature of the fetus 5.Prevents large particles such as bacteria from passing to the fetus 6.Provides an exchange of nutrients and waste products between the mother and the fetus - ANSWER 5.Prevents large particles such as bacteria from passing to the fetus 6.Provides an exchange of nutrients and waste products between the mother and the fetus The nursing student is asked to describe the size of the uterus in a nonpregnant client. Which response indicates an understanding of the anatomy of this structure? 1."The uterus weighs about 2 ounces." 2."The uterus weighs about 2.2 pounds." 3."The uterus has a capacity of about 50 milliliters." 4."The uterus is round in shape and weighs approximately 1000 grams." - ANSWER 1."The uterus weighs about 2 ounces." The nurse is caring for the client with epididymitis. Which treatment modalities should be implemented? Select all that apply. 1.Bed rest 2.Sitz bath 3.Antibiotics 4.Heating pad 5.Scrotal elevation - ANSWER 1.Bed rest 2.Sitz bath 3.Antibiotics 5.Scrotal elevation The nurse is collecting data from a client who has had benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in the past. To determine whether the client is currently experiencing exacerbation of BPH, the nurse should ask the client about the presence of which early symptom? 1.Nocturia 2.Urinary retention 3.Urge incontinence 4.Decreased force in the stream of urine - ANSWER 4.Decreased force in the stream of urine A client with chronic kidney disease has been on dialysis for 3 years. The client is receiving the usual combination of medications for the disease, including aluminum hydroxide as a phosphate-binding agent. The client now has mental cloudiness, dementia, and complaints of bone pain. Which does this data indicate? 1.Advancing uremia 2.Phosphate overdose 3.Folic acid deficiency 4.Aluminum intoxication - ANSWER 4.Aluminum intoxication A hemodialysis client with a left arm fistula is at risk for arterial steal syndrome. The nurse monitors this client for which signs/symptoms of this disorder? 1.Edema and purpura of the left arm 2.Warmth, redness, and pain in the left hand 3.Aching pain, pallor, and edema of the left arm 4.Pallor, diminished pulse, and pain in the left hand - ANSWER 4.Pallor, diminished pulse, and pain in the left hand The nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client with a diagnosis of pyelonephritis. Which disorder noted on the client's record should the nurse identify as a risk factor for this diagnosis? 1.Hypoglycemia 2.Diabetes mellitus 3.Coronary artery disease 4.Orthostatic hypotension - ANSWER 2.Diabetes mellitus The nurse is reviewing the client's record and notes that the primary health care provider (PHCP) has documented that the client has a renal disorder. Which laboratory results would indicate a decrease in renal function? Select all that apply. 1.Elevated serum creatinine level 2.Elevated thrombocyte cell count 3.Decreased red blood cell (RBC) count 4.Decreased white blood cell (WBC) count 5.Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level - ANSWER 1.Elevated serum creatinine level 3.Decreased red blood cell (RBC) count 5.Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level After a renal biopsy, the client complains of pain at the biopsy site that radiates to the front of the abdomen. Which would this indicate? 1.Bleeding 2.Infection 3.Renal colic 4.Normal, expected pain - ANSWER 1.Bleeding The nurse monitoring a client receiving peritoneal dialysis notes that the client's outflow is less than the inflow. The nurse should take which actions? Select all that apply. 1.Contact the nephrologist. 2.Check the level of the drainage bag. 3.Reposition the client to his or her side. 4.Place the client in good body alignment. 5.Check the peritoneal dialysis system for kinks. 6.Increase the flow rate of the peritoneal dialysis solution. - ANSWER 2.Check the level of the drainage bag. 3.Reposition the client to his or her side. 4.Place the client in good body alignment. 5.Check the peritoneal dialysis system for kinks. A male client has a tentative diagnosis of urethritis. The nurse should assess the client for which manifestation of the disorder? 1.Hematuria and pyuria 2.Dysuria and proteinuria 3.Hematuria and urgency 4.Dysuria and penile discharge - ANSWER 4.Dysuria and penile discharge A client with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) undergoes a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and is receiving continuous bladder irrigations postoperatively. Which are the signs/symptoms of transurethral resection (TUR) syndrome? 1.Tachycardia and diarrhea 2.Bradycardia and confusion 3.Increased urinary output and anemia 4.Decreased urinary output and bladder spasms - ANSWER 2.Bradycardia and confusion The nurse is monitoring an older client suspected of having a urinary tract infection (UTI) for signs of infection. Which sign/symptom is likely to present first? 1.Fever 2.Urgency 3.Confusion 4.Frequency - ANSWER 3.Confusion The nurse is assessing the patency of an arteriovenous fistula in the left arm of a client who is receiving hemodialysis for the treatment of chronic kidney disease. Which finding indicates that the fistula is patent? 1.Palpation of a thrill over the fistula 2.Presence of a radial pulse in the left wrist 3.Absence of a bruit on auscultation of the fistula 4.Capillary refill less than 3 seconds in the nail beds of the left hand - ANSWER 1.Palpation of a thrill over the fistula A client newly diagnosed with chronic kidney disease will be receiving peritoneal dialysis. During the infusion of the dialysate, the client complains of abdominal pain. Which action by the nurse is appropriate? 1.Stop the dialysis. 2.Slow the infusion. 3.Decrease the amount to be infused. 4.Explain that the pain will subside after the first few exchanges. - ANSWER 4.Explain that the pain will subside after the first few exchanges. A client with diabetes mellitus is receiving peritoneal dialysis. The nurse should ensure maintenance of the dwell time for the dialysis at the prescribed time because of risk for which complication? 1.Infection 2.Hypoglycemia 3.Hyperglycemia 4.Peritoneal third spacing - ANSWER 3.Hyperglycemia A client is diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease, and the nurse provides information to the client about the treatment plan. The nurse determines that the client needs further teaching if the client states that which component is part of the treatment plan? 1.Sodium restriction 2.Genetic counseling 3.Increased water intake 4.Antihypertensive medications - ANSWER 1.Sodium restriction The client with chronic kidney disease who is scheduled for hemodialysis this morning is due to receive a daily dose of enalapril. When should the nurse plan to administer this medication? 1.During dialysis 2.Just before dialysis 3.The day after dialysis 4.On return from dialysis - ANSWER 4.On return from dialysis A male client has a tentative diagnosis of urethritis. The nurse collects data from the client knowing that which are signs/symptoms of this disorder? 1.Hematuria and pyuria 2.Dysuria and proteinuria 3.Dysuria and penile discharge 4.Hematuria and penile discharge - ANSWER 3.Dysuria and penile discharge The nurse is caring for a client with epididymitis. The nurse anticipates noting which group of findings on data collection? 1.Diarrhea, groin pain, and scrotal edema 2.Fever, diarrhea, groin pain, and ecchymosis 3.Fever, nausea and vomiting, and painful scrotal edema 4.Nausea, vomiting, and scrotal edema with widespread ecchymosis - ANSWER 3.Fever, nausea and vomiting, and painful scrotal edema The licensed practical nurse (LPN) is assisting a school nurse in conducting a session with female adolescents regarding the menstrual cycle. The LPN tells the adolescents that the most likelyday for ovulation in a 30-day menstrual cycle is which day? 1.Day 14 2.Day 16 3.Day 18 4.Day 28 - ANSWER 2.Day 16 The maternity nurse is describing the ovarian cycle to a group of nursing students and asks a nursing student to identify the phases of the cycle. Which phases stated by the nursing student indicate a need for further teaching in this area? Select all that apply. 1.Luteal phase 2.Ovulatory phase 3.Secretory phase 4.Proliferative phase 5.Preovulatory phase - ANSWER 3.Secretory phase 4.Proliferative phase The nurse is reinforcing instructions to a client about the types of fluids that assist in prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs). The nurse instructs the client to consume which fluids? Select all that apply. 1.Milk 2.Soda 3.Prune juice 4.Apple juice 5.Cranberry juice - ANSWER 3.Prune juice 4.Apple juice 5.Cranberry juice A client has been examined in the clinic and has been diagnosed with pelvic inflammatory disease. The client asks the nurse to describe this condition. Which description of pelvic inflammatory disease by the nurse is accurate? 1."Pelvic inflammatory disease is pain that occurs during ovulation." 2."Pelvic inflammatory disease is also known as primary dysmenorrhea." 3."Pelvic inflammatory disease is the cause of cessation of menstruation." 4."Pelvic inflammatory disease is an infectious process that involves the uterine, tubes and uterus." - ANSWER 4."Pelvic inflammatory disease is an infectious process that involves the uterine, tubes and uterus." Which statements made by the nursing student accurately reflect correct information about the hormone oxytocin? Select all that apply. 1."Production of oxytocin occurs in the ovaries." 2."It is produced by the anterior pituitary gland." 3."It can cause contractions of the uterus during and after birth." 4."Release of oxytocin stimulates the pancreas to produce insulin." 5."Oxytocin is used primarily for labor induction and augmentation." - ANSWER 3."It can cause contractions of the uterus during and after birth." 5."Oxytocin is used primarily for labor induction and augmentation." The nurse is collecting data from a client who is suspected of having mittelschmerz. Which statement supports this probable diagnosis? 1."My monthly cycle is very heavy." 2."I experience pain that occurs during intercourse." 3."I have incapacitating pain for the first few days of my menstrual cycle." 4."I experience a sharp pain located on my low right side midway through my cycle." - ANSWER 4."I experience a sharp pain located on my low right side midway through my cycle." The nurse has reinforced instructions to the client with a cystocele about Kegel exercises. The nurse determines that the client has not fully understood the directions if the client makes which statement? 1."Stop and start the stream of urine several times during a voiding." 2."Tighten perineal muscles for up to 10 seconds several times a day." 3."Tighten perineal muscles for up to 5 minutes three or four times a day." 4."Begin voiding and then stop the stream, holding residual urine for an hour." - ANSWER 4."Begin voiding and then stop the stream, holding residual urine for an hour." The nursing student is assigned to care for an adolescent female client in the health care clinic who has the potential diagnosis of gonorrhea. Which signs/symptoms if found in this client supports this diagnosis? Select all that apply. 1.Edematous labia 2.Acute severe pelvic pain 3.Generalized lymphadenopathy 4.Maculopapular rash on the palms and soles of the feet 5.Presence of a greenish-yellow purulent endocervical discharge - ANSWER 1.Edematous labia 2.Acute severe pelvic pain 5.Presence of a greenish-yellow purulent endocervical discharge An alkaline-ash diet is prescribed for a client with renal calculi. Which diet menu does the nurse advise the client to select? 1.Chicken, rice, and cranberries 2.A spinach salad, milk, and a banana 3.Peanut butter sandwich, milk, and prunes 4.Pasta with shrimp, tossed salad, and a plum - ANSWER 2.A spinach salad, milk, and a banana A client who suffered a crush injury to the leg has a highly positive urine myoglobin level. The nurse plans to monitor this particular client carefully for signs of which complication? 1.Respiratory failure 2.Brain attack (stroke) 3.Myocardial infarction 4.Acute tubular necrosis - ANSWER 4.Acute tubular necrosis A nursing instructor asks a nursing student to describe Montgomery's tubercles of the breast. Which response by the student indicates successful learning regarding Montgomery's tubercles? 1."These are lobes of glandular tissue that secrete milk." 2."These are sebaceous glands that are located in the areola." 3."These are small sacs that contain acinar cells to secrete milk." 4."These are ducts containing milk from all areas of the breast." - ANSWER 2."These are sebaceous glands that are located in the areola." A maternity nurse is providing an in-service educational session to nursing students regarding the process of conception. The nurse determines that successful learning has occurred if the nursing students correctly identify which statements as true? Select all that apply. 1.The stage of the embryo lasts for 12 weeks. 2.Uterine implantation occurs 21 days following fertilization. 3.The blastocyst usually implants in the anterior or posterior fundal region. 4.Fertilization of the mature ovum occurs in the distal third of the fallopian tube. 5.Human chorionic gonadotropin is the hormone needed for a positive pregnancy test. - ANSWER 3.The blastocyst usually implants in the anterior or posterior fundal region. 4.Fertilization of the mature ovum occurs in the distal third of the fallopian tube. 5.Human chorionic gonadotropin is the hormone needed for a positive pregnancy test. A nursing student is asked to identify the layers of tissue found within the uterus. Which student responses are correct with regard to the tissue layers of the uterus? Select all that apply. 1. Ectometrium 2. Myometrium 3. Perimetrium 4. Endometrium 5.Transmetrium - ANSWER 2. Myometrium 3. Perimetrium 4. Endometrium The nurse is caring for a hospitalized client following cystoscopy. Which discharge instructions are given to the client? Select all that apply. 1.Use antispasmodics for pain. 2.Restrict oral fluids for 1 to 2 days. 3.Expect pink-tinged urine for 1 week.