B. It must be in an area designated as a Restricted Area - ANSWER When designing a new multi-story government Special Access Program Facility (SAPF), the architect provided identical drawings for two three-story building
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B. It must be in an area designated as a Restricted Area - ANSWER When designing a new multi-story government Special Access Program Facility (SAPF), the architect provided identical drawings for two three-story buildings to the security officer. One drawing is for a building on the installation to be occupied only by contracting Company X. The other is for the command headquarters building on the installation.The design reveals floor-to-ceiling windows on the second floor for the main conference rooms and front office staff. The drawings indicate a parking lot adjacent to the building separated by a four-foot-wide, handicap-accessible sidewalk. The architect placed emergency exits and stairwells at each end of the building with door hardware on the exterior to facilitate access/egress. The floor plans show interior office and conference room doors with GSA-approved locks and connectivity to the building access control badge system. The front door drawings indicate a large safety glass key lock entry door with the unit logo and designation etched in the glass. The single entry door provides access into the building lobby where visit control staff will greet people and in-process visitors. The plans identify lock boxes to be placed inside the lobby for visitors and employees to store their electronic digital devices and other prohibited items. The architect designed an open lobby leading to interior hallways, an elevator and access to the stairways. He placed the access control system central processing unit (CPU) behind the visit control desk. Typically, the CPU is located in the dispatch center.
As a result, which of the following is true regarding the placement of the CPU?
A. It may remain in the building lobby because the doors serve as adequate access control.
B. It must be in an area designated as a Restricted Area.
C. It must be in an area designated as a Sensitive Compartmented Information Facility.
D. It should be moved to an area on the second floor or above, but does not need to be in a Restricted Area.
True - ANSWER True or False. Hinge pins that are located on the exterior side of emergency exit doors in the SAPF must be spot welded or have set screws installed to prevent removal of the door.
C. Bollard or berm - ANSWER Which of the following man-made barriers could be an appropriate measure to impede vehicle passage between the parking lot and the building?
A. Bollard or chain link fence
B. Berm or moat
C. Bollard or berm
D. Berm or chain link fence
The five steps in the DoD risk management model - ANSWER 1. Assess Assets
2. Assess Threats
3. Assess Vulnerabilities
4. Assess Risks
5. Determine Countermeasures
Three core components of the risk assessment process - ANSWER 1. Asset criticality
2. Threat assessment
3. Vulnerability assessment
Physical security survey - ANSWER A formal, recorded assessment of an installation's overall security program
Physical security inspection - ANSWER A formal, recorded compliance of physical procedures and measures implemented by a unit or activity to protect its assets
DoD Component Commanders - ANSWER Who makes the determination of when physical security surveys and inspections are required?
The reason access control measures are contingent on threat levels - ANSWER Based on threat levels, commanders or directors are responsible for enhancing access control measure to their installations and facilities.
Visitor identification control methods used to effectively control access to facilities - ANSWER The process to ensure only authorized personnel and materials enter and exit from an installation or facility by identifying, verifying, and authenticating.
Three different types of approved classified material storage areas. - ANSWER 1. GSA-approved storage containers
2. Vaults (including modular vaults)
3. Open storage area (secure rooms, to include SCIFs and bulk storage areas)
Construction requirements for vault doors - ANSWER 1. Constructed of metal
2. Hung on non-removable hinge pins or with interlocking leaves.
3. Equipped with a GSA-approved combination lock.
4. Emergency egress hardware (deadbolt or metal bar extending across width of door).
The purpose of intrusion detection systems - ANSWER To detect unauthorized penetration into a secured area
The purpose of perimeter barriers - ANSWER To define the physical limits of an installation, activity, or area, restrict, channel, impede access, or shield activities within the installation from immediate and direct observation
The purpose of an Antiterrorism Program - ANSWER Protect DoD personnel, their families, installations, facilities, information, and other material resources from terrorist acts
Force Protection Condition levels - ANSWER Normal, Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, Delta
The concept of security-in-depth - ANSWER Layered and complementary security controls sufficient to deter, detect, and document unauthorized entry and movement within an installation or facility.
Security Officer - ANSWER This person is charged with management, implementation, and direction of all physical security programs
Antiterrorism Officer (ATO) - ANSWER Manages the installation or facility antiterrorism program. This program uses defensive measures to reduce the vulnerability of individuals and property from terrorist attacks
Law Enforcement - ANSWER Must be integrated into our intelligence gathering process so that they can be part of coordinating emergency responses and criminal incidents on a Federal installation
Criticality - ANSWER Determination based on an asset's importance to national security and effect of loss
Area Security - ANSWER Security is geared towards protecting an entire area of the installation or facility
Threat - ANSWER The intention and the capability of an adversary to undertake detrimental actions
Point Security - ANSWER Security focused on the resource itself
Effective Protective Barriers - ANSWER 1. Steel barriers
2. Chain link fence
3. Barbed wire
Controlling access - ANSWER The establishment of a restricted area improves security by ______________ and providing additional layers of security.
True - ANSWER True or False: Site lighting is used to enable guard force personnel to observe activities inside or outside the installation
False - ANSWER True or False: Standby lighting is used when regular lighting is not available
Two-way radio - ANSWER Using these assists in security; however, there must always be back-up communication systems in addition to these
Intrusion Detection Systems - ANSWER This device sends a signal through wires when it has been triggered
Closed Circuit Televisions (CCTV) - ANSWER This system has a camera that captures a visual image, converts the image to a video signal, and transmits the image to a remote location
Automated access control systems - ANSWER This system allows one to be identified by their eye, handprint, or fingerprint
Common Access Card (CAC) - ANSWER This enables individuals to be able to authenticate themselves on security websites and securely log into computer systems
Mechanical combination lock - ANSWER Older style of lock; may be used for classified storage in certain cases
Combination padlock - ANSWER Lock that complies with UL Standard 768-Group 1
Electromechanical combination lock - ANSWER Lock that complies with FF-L-2740 series lock specification
Low security padlock - ANSWER Lock that has limited resistance to forced entry
SCIF - ANSWER A facility used by the intelligence community
GSA - ANSWER The governing authority to approve security containers
Secure rooms - ANSWER Areas designed and authorized for the open storage of classified information. These facilities are usually build to commercial construction standards and do not afford the extra security inherent with a vault.
Vaults - ANSWER Constructed to meet strict forcible entry standards, including reinforced concrete on all walls, ceiling, and floor, plus a hardened steel door
High terrorist threat level - ANSWER The terrorist threat level indicating anti-U.S. terrorists are operationally active and use large casualty-producing attacks as their preferred method of operation. There is a substantial DoD presence, and the operating environment favors the terrorist.
Low terrorist threat level - ANSWER The terrorist threat level indicating no terrorist group is detected or the terrorist group in non-threatening
Significant terrorist threat level - ANSWER The terrorist threat level indicating anti-U.S. terrorists are present and attack personnel as their preferred method of operation, or a group uses large casualty-producing attacks as their preferred method but has limited operational activity. The operating environment is neutral.
Moderate terrorist threat level - ANSWER The terrorist threat level indicating terrorists are present but there are no indications of anti-U.S. activity. The operating environment favors the host nation or the U.S.
Physical security plan - ANSWER At a minimum, these should include special and general guard orders, access and material control, protective barrier lighting systems, locks, and Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS)
Homeland Security Presidential Directive 12 (HSPD-12) - ANSWER On August 27, 2004, President Bush signed this directive; Policy for a Common Identification Standard for Federal Employees and contractors. This requires government-wide development and implementation of a standard for secure and reliable forms of identification for Federal employees and contractors.
DoD 5200.08-R - ANSWER Physical Security Program regulation
DoD Instruction 5200.08, Security of DoD Installations and Resources and the DoD Physical Security Review Board (PSRB) - ANSWER This document authorizes commanders to issue regulations for the protection or security of property and places under their command. This document also establishes guidelines to build consistent minimum standards for protecting DoD installations and resources.
Antiterrorism Working Group (ATWG) - ANSWER This group meets at least semi-annually and oversees the implementation of the AT program that protects DoD assets against terrorism. They accomplish this by developing and refining AT plans and addressing emergent or emergency AT Program issues. It comprises of Antiterrorism Officer (ATO), the Installation Commander or designated representative, representatives of the principal staff, including a chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and high yield explosive representative, tenant unit representatives, and others as directed by Installation Commanders.
Information System Security Managers (ISSMs) - ANSWER Responsible for the security of information systems. They coordinate physical security measures and develop contingency plans for the protection of the information system.
Threat Working Group (TWG) - ANSWER As outlined in DoD Instruction (DoDI) 2000.16, DoD Antiterrorism Standards, this group meets at least quarterly and is responsible for developing and refining terrorism threat assessments based on the threats against DoD assets. It also coordinates and disseminates threat warnings, reports, and summaries. This group comprises an Antiterrorism Officer, the Installation Commander or designated representative, members of the staff, tenant unit representatives, law enforcement representatives, and the Intelligence Community (IC).
Defense Critical Infrastructure Program (DCIP) - ANSWER This is responsible for developing and providing installation Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP) policy, program execution, and oversight recommendations, which include identifying and prioritizing mission essential critical assets and infrastructures and assessing their vulnerability and risk to human error, natural disasters, or intentional physical or cyber attack. This group also develops strategies for remediating or mitigating vulnerabilities and risks to critical assets and infrastructures.
DCIP Officer - ANSWER This person is responsible for carrying out the DCIP mission within a given installation or facility. The DCIP Officer is responsible for the identification, assessment, and effective risk management of Defense Critical Infrastructure (DCI) assets essential to mission success of a given installation or facility. This person also collaborates with DCI asset owners and public and private-sector activities essential to mission success of a given installation or facility. Examples of DCI assets include power grids, network hubs, and transportation lanes.
Civil Engineer - ANSWER Provides planning, design, and support to physical security, force protection, and antiterrorism programs at installations. The Civil Engineer evaluates, manages, and develops design criteria for DoD physical security projects in accordance with DoD Security Engineering concepts and standards contained in the Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC). Those design criteria include the assets that should be protected; the threats to those assets in terms of the potential aggressor tactics and their associated weapons, tools, explosives, and agents; the levels to which those assets should be protected against the threats; how those criteria, in combination with building types and some limited site information can be used to develop a planning level cost estimate for mitigating the effects of the threat; and how the design criteria may impact project scope.
Enclaving - ANSWER As a security professional, you should employ both point and area security to protect DoD assets from damage, loss, and theft. In some cases, security-in-depth can be obtained by designating islands of extreme or high security within a sea of moderate security. This is known as _______.
Types of IDS - ANSWER Sensor/detector, Transmission line security, Premise Control Unit (PCU), Monitoring station
Sensor/Detector - ANSWER Responds to a physical stimulus
Transmission line security - ANSWER Assures communications between the alarmed area and the monitoring station
Premise Control Unit (PCU) - ANSWER Receives change of state and transmits alarm
Monitoring station - ANSWER Central point for collecting alarm status
Hard targets - ANSWER These include installations, facilities, or activities that provide a physical and psychological deterrence to intruders through the use of physical security measures.
Soft targets - ANSWER These include installations, facilities, or activities with little or no security measures so it is easy to breech their security.
True - ANSWER True or False. CCTV camera may capture activity missed by security force personnel.
True - ANSWER True or False. A CCTV can act as an intrusion detection system (IDS) when combined with video motion detection.
False - ANSWER True or False. An advantage of CCTV is that environmental factors do not affect its performance.
True - ANSWER True or False. A CCTV is only as good as the people who operate it.
Access Control Systems - ANSWER Card-swipe system, badge exchange program, personal recognition, and iris scanning
True - ANSWER True or False. Escorts must be able to control the visitor they are escorting throughout the duration of their visit in a controlled area.
False - ANSWER True or False. The schedules for entry and exit inspections should be posted in view of all DoD personnel.
False - ANSWER True or False. All visitors with the appropriate access level to enter a controlled area are permitted unescorted entry
True - ANSWER True or False. Entry and exit inspections help deter the introduction of unauthorized or prohibited material into an installation or facility and help prevent the unauthorized removal of DoD assets from an installation or facility.
Types of Screening - ANSWER Magnetometer, vapor trace detector, wand, X-ray machine
Magnetometer - ANSWER Fixed equipment that detects metal objects
Vapor trace detector - ANSWER Detects traces of explosive material
Wand - ANSWER Portable equipment that detects metal objects
X-ray machine - ANSWER Detects prohibited items
Security measures - ANSWER 1. Security-in-Depth
2. Exterior Physical Security Measures
3. Security Forces
4. Security Technology and Equipment
Active Barriers - ANSWER Barrier systems that require action by personnel or equipment to permit entry; define the perimeter and ensure only authorized personnel are permitted access. Examples are gates manually operated by security forces, hydraulic pop-up vehicle barriers, and electronically operated gates or turnstiles.
Passive Barriers - ANSWER Barrier systems that rely on their bulk or mass and they have no moving parts; are permanently installed or if heavy equipment is required to move or dismantle the barriers.Examples are perimeter or vehicle barriers, temporary barriers, building perimeter barriers, and interior barriers. Perimeter protection systems can include manmade obstacles such as barricades and vehicle barriers to provide for difficult approaches or exit routes. Temporary walls and rigid barriers can be employed to establish barriers against high-speed vehicle approaches to DoD installations and facilities. These structures can be installed along approaches within an installation's boundary to force vehicles to make tight, slow turns before approaching gates or building entrances. These kinds of barriers include concrete vehicle barriers, called Jersey barriers, concrete or sand-filled oil drums, concrete bollards or planters, and earthen excavations such as trenches or berms.
Natural Barriers - ANSWER barriers that can assist in defining boundaries, and may provide adequate perimeter protection in some situations. Examples are waterways, forestations, mountains, deserts, and ditches.
Clear zone - ANSWER an area inside and outside the perimeter fence or barrier of the protected area. Clear zones provide increased effectiveness of physical barriers, allow security forces to have unimpeded observation, and prevent intruders from being able to hide. To be effective, these should be free of all obstacles, topographical features, and vegetation.
Four types of site lighting - ANSWER Continuo
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