IT Hardware and Software, CompTIA A+ Exams 220-1101 & 220-1102, 9th Edition by Schmidt TEST BANK

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Test Bank for Complete A+ Guide to IT Hardware and Software, CompTIA A+ Exams 220-1101 & 220-1102, 9th Edition by Cheryl A. Schmidt TEST BANK ISBN-13: 9780137670444 Full chapters included Chapt... er 1: Introduction to the World of IT ........ 1 Who Needs This Book? ............ 2 Technician Qualities .... 2 Breaking into IT with the CompTIA A+ Certification ................ 5 Basic Skills for This Course .... 5 Types of Computers ..... 8 Basic Computer Hardware ....... 8 Mice and Keyboards ..14 Common Peripherals .17 1s and 0s .............18 Safety Notes .......21 Chapter Summary ......22 Key Terms ...........23 Review Questions .......24 Exercises .............26 Chapter 2: Connectivity ...... 31 Introduction to Connectivity ..32 External Connectivity 32 Mouse and Keyboard Ports ....32 Video Ports .........33 Audio Ports .........44 eSATA Ports .......45 Modem and Serial Ports .........45 Network Ports ....47 Network Cabling ........48 Integrated Motherboard Ports 54 Getting to Know Ports.............54 Wireless Connectivity for Input Devices .....56 Chapter Summary ......57 Key Terms ...........59 Review Questions .......60 Exercises .............61 Activities .............64 Chapter 3: On the Motherboard ... 67 Introduction to the Motherboard ...................68 Processor Overview ...68 Processor Basics 69 Speeding Up Processor Operations Overview ....71 Clocking ..............72 Cache ...................73 Threading Technology .............73 Connecting to the Processor ..74 Multicore Processors .74 Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) ..................76 Introduction to Virtualization .76 Intel Processors ..77 AMD Processors ........78 CPU Sockets ......79 Processor Cooling ......80 Installing a Processor 82 Upgrading Processors 84 Overclocking Processors ........84 Installing CPU Thermal Solutions ................85 Troubleshooting Processor Issues .................86 Expansion Slots .87 PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) ..88 AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) .................88 PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) .................89 Motherboard Security Options ......................93 Types of Motherboards ...........94 Upgrading and Replacing Motherboards ....95 Motherboard Troubleshooting .......................96 Chapter Summary ......99 Key Terms .........101 Review Questions .....102 Exercises ...........104 Activities ...........106 Chapter 4: Introduction to Configuration ...... 109 Configuration Overview .......110 BIOS Overview ........110 The Setup Program ..111 Flash BIOS .......112 BIOS/UEFI Configuration Settings ............113 CMOS Memory ........117 Motherboard Battery .............118 Firmware Updates: Flashing/Clearing the BIOS/UEFI ...........118 Other Configuration Parameters ..................120 Hardware Configuration Overview.............123 Installing a USB Device .......124 Installing an eSATA Card .....128 Installing a Network Interface Card ...........129 Troubleshooting Configurations ..................130 Chapter Summary ....133 Key Terms .........133 Review Questions .....134 Exercises ...........136 Activities ...........140 Chapter 5: Disassembly and Power ................... 143 Disassembly Overview ..........144 Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) .....................144 Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) ..........146 Tools ..................147 Disassembly .....148 Reassembly .......156 Preventive Maintenance ........156 Basic Electronics Overview .159 Power Supply Overview .......163 Replacing or Upgrading a Power Supply ..170 Power Protection ......172 Symptoms of Power Supply Problems ......173 Chapter Summary ....177 Key Terms .........179 Review Questions .....180 Exercises ...........182 Activities ...........184 Chapter 6: Memory .... 187 Memory Overview ...188 Memory Physical Packaging188 Planning a Memory Installation ..................189 Installing Memory Overview .......................200 Virtual RAM ....202 Monitoring Memory Usage in Windows ...203 Older Applications in Windows ..................204 Troubleshooting Memory Problems ...........205 Removable Storage ..207 Chapter Summary ....211 Key Terms .........212 Review Questions .....213 Exercises ...........215 Activities ...........221 Chapter 7: Storage Devices ........... 223 Storage Devices Overview ...224 Hard Drive Overview ............225 Solid-State Drive (SSD) Overview .............227 Mechanical Drive Interfaces Overview .....229 M.2 and NVMe230 PATA, SATA, and SAS Connectivity .........231 Storage Device Configuration Overview ...235 System BIOS/UEFI Configuration for Storage Devices .........241 Hard Drive Preparation Overview ..............242 Windows Disk Management 250 Fault Tolerance 253 Windows Storage Spaces ......255 Disk Caching/Virtual Memory ....................256 Troubleshooting Storage Devices Overview .....258 Data Loss and Corruption ....260 Troubleshooting New Storage Device Installation ...................260 Troubleshooting Previously Installed Storage Devices ...........262 RAID Issues .....265 SSD Issues ........266 Chapter Summary ....268 Key Terms .........271 Review Questions .....272 Exercises ...........274 Activities ...........277 Chapter 8: Video and Multimedia Devices ..... 279 Multimedia Devices Overview ....................280 Video Overview ........280 Video Cards ......280 Projectors ..........287 Introduction to Audio ............289 Installing Sound Cards ..........292 Sound Cards Using Windows ......................293 Speakers ............295 Troubleshooting Sound Problems ..............296 Optical Drive Overview ........297 Optical Drive Installation .....300 Troubleshooting Optical Drive Issues ........300 Scanners ............302 Other Multimedia Devices ...305 Chapter Summary ....309 Key Terms .........310 Review Questions .....311 Exercises ...........313 Activities ...........315 Chapter 9: Printers and Multifunction Devices ..... 317 Printer/Multifunction Device Overview ....318 Categories of Printers ............318 Impact Printers .319 Inkjet Printers ...321 Laser Printers ...323 Thermal Printers .......327 3-D Printers ......329 Paper ..................332 Virtual Printing 334 Refilling Cartridges, Re-inking Ribbons, and Recycling Cartridges 335 Upgrading Printers ...336 Printer Maintenance .336 Printer Installation Overview .......................342 Installing Multifunction Devices .................343 USB Printer Installation ........343 Printers in the Windows Environment .......344 Printer Sharing .349 Cloud Printing/Scanning .......354 General Printer Troubleshooting .................355 USB-Attached Printer Troubleshooting .....359 Windows Printer Troubleshooting ..............359 Impact Printer Troubleshooting ...................362 Inkjet Printer Troubleshooting .....................363 Laser Printer Troubleshooting .....................363 Chapter Summary ....366 Key Terms .........368 Review Questions .....369 Exercises ...........371 Activities ...........372 Chapter 10: Mobile Devices .......... 375 Mobile Device Overview ......376 Using Mobile Devices ...........382 Cell Phones .......385 Mobile Apps .....387 Mobile Device Wired Connectivity ............390 Mobile Device Wireless Connectivity .......393 Mobile Device Email Configuration ..........399 Mobile Device Synchronization and Backup ....401 Other Mobile Software Tools ......................408 Laptops Overview ....410 Laptop Hardware ......410 Laptop Power ...415 Laptop Repairs Overview .....418 Laptop Display 433 Mobile Device Security ........440 Mobile Device Travel and Storage .............447 Mobile Device Troubleshooting Overview ........447 Chapter Summary ....462 Key Terms .........465 Review Questions .....466 Exercises ...........468 Activities ...........470 Chapter 11: Computer Design and Troubleshooting Review .. 473 Design Overview ......474 Computer System Design .....474 Motherboard and Associated Component Design ....................481 Power Supply and Case Design ..................481 Storage Subsystem Design ...483 Audio Subsystem Design .....483 Display Subsystem Design ...484 Troubleshooting Overview ...485 Step 1. Identify the Problem 486 Step 2. Establish a Theory of Probable Cause (Question the Obvious) ...................487 Step 3. Test the Theory to Determine the Cause ......................495 Step 4. Establish a Plan of Action to Resolve the Problem and Implement the Solution ............497 Step 5. Verify Full System Functionality and, If Applicable, Implement Preventive Measures .497 Step 6. Document the Findings, Actions, and Outcomes ........497 Sample Troubleshooting Flowcharts ..........498 Chapter Summary ....502 Key Terms .........504 Review Questions .....505 Exercises ...........506 Activities ...........511 Chapter 12: Internet Connectivity, Virtualization, and Cloud Technologies ....... 515 Internet Connectivity Overview ..................516 Dial-up Connectivity .............516 Cable Modems .518 xDSL Modems .519 VoIP ...................520 Fiber Networks 522 Satellite Modems ......524 Mobile Connectivity Overview ...................525 Web Browsers ..528 Basic Web Browser Issues ....531 Introduction to Virtualization .......................533 Desktop Virtualization Basics ......................534 Cloud Computing .....537 Chapter Summary ....543 Key Terms .........545 Review Questions .....546 Exercises ...........547 Activities ...........549 Chapter 13: Networking ... 551 Networking Overview ...........552 Network Media Overview ....559 Ethernet over Power 568 Protecting Your Network and Cable Investment .......................569 The OSI Model 573 The TCP/IP Model ...575 Network Addressing 577 More IPv4 Addressing ..........578 Wireless Networks Overview ......................581 Wireless Network Standards 582 Wireless Network Components ...................583 Wireless Network Design .....585 Antenna Basics 590 Wireless and Wired Client Device Configuration Overview ..594 Configuring an End Device: IP Addressing .......594 Adding a Computer to a Windows Domain .......601 Wireless NIC–Specific Settings ..................601 Advanced NIC Properties .....603 NIC Configuration When Using Virtualization .603 Thin or Thick Client Installation Overview .......605 Wireless AP/Router Configuration .............607 WWAN Cellular Configuration ...................608 IoT and Smart Devices ..........609 Network Troubleshooting .....611 Troubleshooting Cable and DSL Modems 619 Networking Multifunction Devices ............619 Network Servers .......621 Embedded, SCADA, and Legacy Systems ........622 Software-Defined Networking .....................623 Network Terminology ...........624 The TCP/IP Model in Action .......................625 More Windows Network Settings ...............627 Introduction to Shared Folders ....................632 Chapter Summary ....635 Key Terms .........637 Review Questions .....639 Exercises ...........642 Activities ...........648 Chapter 14: Introduction to Operating Systems ... 651 Operating Systems Overview ......................652 User Interaction with Operating Systems .653 Overview of Popular Operating Systems ..654 32-Bit vs. 64-Bit Operating Systems .........655 Windows 10 and Windows 11 Versions .....656 Workstation Operating Systems ..................657 Operating Systems for Mobile Devices .....657 End-of-Life (EOL) Concerns .......................658 Update Limitations ..658 Compatibility Concerns ........659 Corporate Operating System Needs ...........660 Basic Windows Usage Overview ................661 Windows 10 and Windows 11 Desktop Components ..............663 Shortcuts and Tiles ...669 Recycle Bin ......670 Interactions Within a Window .....................670 Managing Windows Files and Folders .......672 Searches and Indexing ..........678 Attributes, Compression, and Encryption .679 Introduction to Windows Control Panel Utilities .....................682 Determining the Windows Version .............685 Windows Registry ....686 Editing the Windows Registry .....................687 Backing Up Data ......688 WinRE ...............688 Recovering the Windows OS .......................688 Chapter Summary ....690 Key Terms .........691 Review Questions .....692 Exercises ...........693 Activities ...........695 Chapter 15: Introduction to Scripting .............. 697 Scripting Overview ..698 Command Prompt Overview .......................699 Command Prompt Basics .....699 Moving Around from a Command Prompt ........701 The md and rd Commands .705 Two Useful Commands: del and type .706 Copying Files ...706 The attrib Command ......708 Why Learn Commands? .......708 PowerShell ........708 Other Commands You Should Look Over 709 Command Format ....710 Introduction to Scripting .......734 Script File Types .......735 Use Cases for Scripting ........736 Mitigating Consequences of Scripting .......737 Environment Variables ..........738 Script Syntax ....740 Introduction to Script Programming ..........741 Variables ............741 Data Types ........743 Examples of Using Variables .......................744 Comments Within Scripts .....745 Basic Script Constructs .........746 Decisions: The Selection Structure.............746 Compound Conditions and Logical Operators ..750 Loops: The Repetition Structure .................751 A Brief Look at VBScript and PowerShell ........753 Chapter Summary ....756 Key Terms .........757 Review Questions .....758 Exercises ...........759 Activities ...........760 Chapter 16: Advanced Windows . 763 Advanced Windows Overview ....................764 Preinstallation of Windows ..764 Installation/Upgrade of Windows ...............774 Corporate Windows Deployment ................775 Verifying the Installation ......776 Troubleshooting a Windows Installation ...777 Reloading Windows .779 Windows Updates ....780 Backing Up the Windows Registry and Data ....781 Configuring Windows Overview .................783 Configuring Windows ...........784 Adding Devices ........784 Installing/Removing Software .....................792 Computer Management Console .................796 System Tools ....797 User Account Management ..801 Managing Storage ....807 Managing Services and Applications .........811 Data Sources (ODBC) ...........812 Print Management Console ..813 Overview of the Windows Boot Process ...814 System Restore .....815 Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE) ..................816 Startup Settings Menu ...........819 System Configuration Utility .......................820 Task Manager ...824 Speeding Up the Windows Boot Process ..826 Troubleshooting the Windows Boot Process .....827 Black Screen/Video Issues ...829 Troubleshooting a Service That Does Not Start .......................831 Slow Boot .........832 Troubleshooting Windows Network Settings ....833 Windows Reboots/System Instability ........835 Shutdown Problems .835 Summary of Troubleshooting Steps ...........836 Power Options..836 Monitoring System Performance ................838 Supporting Windows Computers Remotely .......843 Preventive Maintenance for Your Operating System ...............846 Chapter Summary ....848 Key Terms .........850 Review Questions .....851 Exercises ...........852 Activities ...........854 Chapter 17: macOS and Linux Operating Systems ...................... 857 Introduction to macOS ..........858 Navigating the User Interface ......................859 Basic System Usage, Updates, and Backups .....862 Management and Troubleshooting Tools ..866 Utilities ..............869 Introduction to Linux ............878 Navigating the GNOME User Interface ....879 Basic System Usage, Updates, and Backups .....880 Command-Line Interface ......883 macOS and Linux Best Practices ................892 Chapter Summary ....893 Key Terms .........894 Review Questions .....895 Exercises ...........896 Activities ...........897 Chapter 18: Computer and Network Security ....... 899 Security Overview ....900 Security Policy .900 Physical Security ......901 Logical Security .......908 Considering the End User ....912 Licensing ...........912 Security Threats and Vulnerabilities ...........915 Protecting Access to Local and Network Resources ................920 Permissions .......928 Folder Options .934 Protecting the Operating System and Data ........935 Internet Security .......942 Remote Access to Network Devices ..........955 Internet Appliances ..956 Wireless Network Security Overview ........957 Security Incident Response ..964 A Final Word About Security ......................966 Chapter Summary ....968 Key Terms .........969 Review Questions .....971 Exercises ...........973 Activities ...........975 Chapter 19: Operational Procedures ................ 977 Operational Procedures Overview ..............978 Proper Power Handling and Adverse Power Conditions .........986 IT Documentation ....994 Change Management .............999 Chapter Summary . 1012 Key Terms ...... 1014 Review Questions .. 1015 Exercises ........ 1017 Activities ........ 1018 [Show More]

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