3 ways organisms reach lungs correct answer1. Aspiration
2. Inhalation
3. Hematogenous
3 ways to acquire pneumonia correct answer1. Community acquired (CAP)
2. Hospital acquired (HAP)
3. Ventilator acquired / with
...
3 ways organisms reach lungs correct answer1. Aspiration
2. Inhalation
3. Hematogenous
3 ways to acquire pneumonia correct answer1. Community acquired (CAP)
2. Hospital acquired (HAP)
3. Ventilator acquired / with in the hospital (VAP)
Hospital acquired pneumonia is defined as... correct answerpneumonia occurring 48hr or longer after hospitalization that wasn't present at the time of admission
Ventilator associated pneumonia is defined as... correct answerpneumonia that occurs more than 48hr after endotracheal intubation
Major risk factors for aspiration pneumonia (3) correct answer1. decreased level of consciousness
2. difficulty swallowing
3. nasogastric tube w/ or w/out feeding
What is necrotizing pneumonia correct answerOften results from CAP
Signs and symptoms of necrotizing pneumonia correct answer1. immediate respiratory insufficiency or failure
2. Leukopenia
3. Bleeding into airways
what is opportunistic pneumonia correct answerCaused by microorganisms that do not normal cause dz, but will cause pneumonia in pt's with deficiencies
what pt's are at risk for opportunistic pneumonia (4) correct answer1. severe protein-calorie malnutrition
2. immunodeficiency
3. Chemo / radiation
4. Long-term corticosteroid therapy
Who is at risk of pneumocytis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP) correct answerCommon in HIV pt's
- it can spread to other organs
what is cytomegalovirus pneumonia (CMV) correct answer- caused by herpes virus
most common manifestations of pneumonia (5) correct answer1. cough
2. fever/chills
3. dyspnea / tachypnea
4. pleuritic chest pain
5. green, yellow or rust colored sputum
what are physical exam findings of pneumonia (4) correct answer1. fine or coarse crackles
2. bronchial breath sounds
3. egophany / change in quality of the voice
4. increased fremitus = vibration
what are complications of pneumonia (8) correct answer1. Atelectasis
2. Pleurisy
3. Pleural effusion
4. Bacteremia
5. Pneumothorax
6. Menengitis
7. Acute respiratory failure
8. sepsis/septic shock
what are nutritional needs for a pt with pneumonia (2) correct answer1. adequate hydration - thin + loosen secretions
2. high calorie small frequent meals
Nursing implementations to prevent pneumonia (7) correct answer1. proper positioning to prevent aspiration
2. elevate head 30degrees
3. assist w/ eating and meds
4. assess gag reflex
5. early mobilization
6. incentive spirometry
7. oral hygiene
Teaching for home care for pt w. pneumonia correct answer1. Full course of antibx
2. drug-drug or drug-food interactions
3. adequate rest + hydration
4. avoid alcohol and smoking
5. cool mist humidifier
6. vaccinations
A patient with acute shortness of breath is admitted to the hospital. Which action should the nurse
take during the initial assessment of the patient?
a. Complete a full physical examination to determine the systemic effect of the respiratory
distress.
b. Obtain a comprehensive health history to determine the extent of any prior respiratory
problems.
c. Delay the physical assessment and ask family members about any history of respiratory
problems.
d. Perform a respiratory system assessment and ask specific questions about this episode of
respiratory distress. correct answerd
When preparing the patient with a rightsided
pleural effusion for a thoracentesis, how will the
nurse position the patient?
a. Supine w
[Show More]
