Pharm Proctor Exam Questions and Answers

Acarbose - ANSWER Diabetes Take with food It can improve glycemic control in adults with diabetes Adverse effect: stomach discomfort, gas, bloating, diarrhea, rash Alosetron - ANSWER Adverse effect: constipation, n ...

Acarbose - ANSWER Diabetes Take with food It can improve glycemic control in adults with diabetes Adverse effect: stomach discomfort, gas, bloating, diarrhea, rash Alosetron - ANSWER Adverse effect: constipation, nausea, headache, stomach pain Can treat irritable bowel syndrome Amlodipine - ANSWER Calcium Channel Blocker Adverse effects: Dizziness, palpitations, peripheral edema Can treat high BP and angina Allopurinol - ANSWER Uric acid reducer Decreases serum/urinary uric acid levels (therapeutic effect) Can treat gout and kidney stones Alendronate - ANSWER Bone Health Sit up right or stand 30 mins after taking to prevent esophagitis Take on an empty stomach Can treat or prevent osteoporosis Acetylcysteine - ANSWER Antidote for acetaminophen overdose With chronic bronchitis before administering with nebulizer cough productively Used to help thin and loosen mucus in airways Adalimumab - ANSWER Immunosuppresive drug Dont receive live vaccines Can treat arthritis psoriasis, crohns disease, ulcerative colitis Adverse Effects: Rhinitis, rash, headache, stomach pain, muscle or bone pain Amitriptyline - ANSWER Antidepressant and nerve pain medication Treats depression Prior diagnostic test: ECG Bismuth Subsalicylate - ANSWER Diarrhea medication Can eliminate the bacteria H.Pylori with causes peptic ulcers Can treat diarrhea, heartburn, nausea, upset stomach Celecoxib - ANSWER Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Prescribed for arthritis Treats pain Cosyntropin - ANSWER Used to diagnose adrenal gland problems Used for adrenal insufficiency Captopril - ANSWER ACE Inhibitor Adverse Effects: Dizziness, hypotension Can treat high BP, HF, treat kidney problems, and reduce risk of death after heart attack Chlordiazepoxide - ANSWER Sedative Used for acute alcohol withdrawal, anxiety, tremor, Adverse Effects: Drowsiness, tiredness, weakness, dry mouth, diarrhea, upset stomach, changes in appetite Hydrochlorathiazide - ANSWER First line choice to treat hypertension Clomiphene - ANSWER Estrogen modulator Follicular enlargement and conversion to carpus lute after ovulation Treats infertility Clozapine - ANSWER Antipsychotic Adverse Effects: agranulocytosis, which is a life-threatening condition in which WBC are severely decreased Early signs of agranulocytosis- Temp Treat schizophrenia Diphenoxylate-Atropine - ANSWER Diarrhea medication Opioid used to treat diarrhea Adverse Effects: Drowsiness, headache, tiredness, blurred vision, dry mouth, and loss of appetite Donepezil - ANSWER Cognition-Enhancing medication Take in late evening Can treat Alzheimers disease Adverse Effects: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, frequent urination, difficulty controlling urination Doxycycline - ANSWER Antibiotic- treats infections Adverse Effects: Photosensitivity Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - ANSWER Antihistamines Adverse Effects: Seduction Diltiazem - ANSWER Used to treat atrial fib, high BP, and angina Etanercept - ANSWER Used to treat autoimmune disease Rheumatoid arthritis While taking your at risk of infection Adverse Effects: Rhinitis Epinephrine (Adrenaline) - ANSWER Emergency medical treatment to treat life-threatening allergic reactions Decreases local blood flow and delays systemic absorption of anesthetic prupertio (such as lidocaine) Administer for anaphylaxis (allergic reaction) Erythropoietin - ANSWER Stimulates RBC production Use with chronic renal failure, developed anemia Epoetin Alfa - ANSWER Used to treat anemia in patients on kidney dialysis or for those not on dialysis Can cause hypertension- Monitor BP obtain baseline bp, hgb 10-11, and maximum HCT 33%' Esomeprazole - ANSWER Proton-Pump Inhibitor Therapeutic response- less reflux Treats GERD Lowers risk of bleeding after endoscopy in patients with ulcers Fetanyl Transdermal Patch - ANSWER Narcotic Press patch firmly for 30 seconds to ensure contact to skin Treats pain Fexofenadine - ANSWER Antihistamines Treat hay fever symptoms Adverse Effects: urticaria difficulty breathing, swelling of face/lips/tongue/throat Finasteride - ANSWER Urinary retention medication Reduces size of prostate within 3-6 months of use Can also treat hair loss in men Furosemide - ANSWER Diuretic Adverse Effect- tinnitus Diuresis a therapeutic response to monitor for Treats fluid retention (edema) Glucocorticoids - ANSWER Adverse Effects: Peptic ulcer Take calcium supplement while taking medication long term use can lead to osteoporosis More likely to slow growth in children Hydroxyzine - ANSWER Antihistamines Adverse Effects: Dry mouth Can treat anxiety, nausea, vomiting, allergies, skin, rash, hives, itching Imipenem - ANSWER Antibiotic, treats bacterial infection Adverse Effects: seizures Lithium - ANSWER Mood Stabilizer Can develop lithium toxicity with vomiting/diarrhea Lisinopril - ANSWER ACE Inhibitor Adverse Effects: Tongue swelling Treats hypertension and HF, can also reduce the risk of death after a heart attack Levodopa - ANSWER *Parkinsons Helps replace missing dopamine, which allows people to function better Therapeutic response may take several months Lactulose - ANSWER Laxative and ammonia reducer Laxative Does not decrease HR Levothyroxine - ANSWER Hormone, treats hypothyroidism Acute overdose sign- Tremor Take first thing in the morning on empty stomach Hypothryroidism (treats) Difficulty sleeping is a sign of hyperthyroidism and dose should decrease Ferious sulfate should only be given 4 hours after Report Chest Pain Lamotrigine - ANSWER Anticonvulsant Report rash immediately Treats seizures and bipolar disorder Meperidine - ANSWER Narcotic Do not exceed 600 mg in 24 hour Treats moderate to severe pain can make you sleepy Memantine - ANSWER Cognition-Enhancing Medication Can treat dementia associated with Alzheimers disease Morphine - ANSWER Narcotic If RR decreases, slow down infusion Misoprostol - ANSWER Hormone Can prevent stomach ulcers caused by NSAIDS Avoid pregnancy while taking Metronidazole - ANSWER Nitroimidazole Antibiotic Drug of choice of mild to moderate causes of C-Diff Nitroprusside - ANSWER Used to lower blood pressure Nifedipine - ANSWER Calcium channel blocker and Antihypertensive Delays labor Nitroglycerin - ANSWER Used for unstable angina Sit down when takin to prevent orthostatic hypotension Naproxen - ANSWER NSAID Treats acute gout attack First line therapy for dysmenorrhea Treats pain & Refer Naloxone - ANSWER Treats overdose Reverse respiratory depression, sedation, and analgesics that opioids cause Adverse Effects: Pain Orlistat - ANSWER Weight Loss medication Can intensify effects of warfarin Omeprazole - ANSWER Proton-Pump Inhibitor Treats gastric ulcer GERD heartburn At risk for diarrhea (C.DIFF) Prednisone - ANSWER Steroid Associated with delayed healing Adverse Effects: Gastric ulceration, osteoporosis, Adrian suppression Pregabalin - ANSWER Anticonvulsant Treat fibromyalgia, seizures Phenelzine - ANSWER Antidepressant Pioglitazone - ANSWER Anti-Diabetic Medication Can be taken while taking insulin Phenytoin - ANSWER Treats seizures Can cause overgrowth of gum tissue Level: 10-20 mcg/mL Adverse Effects: Cardiac dysrhythmias Propylthiouracil - ANSWER Antithyroid agent Used to treat hyperthyroidism during first-trimester of pregnancy Risedronate - ANSWER Bone Health Osteoporosis- take with glass of water