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NUR231 Exam 4

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NUR231 Exam 4 What are the locations for a Lower UTI? Cystitis (bladder) Prostatitis (prostate) Urethritis (urethra) What are causes of Lower UTI? Uretherovesical reflux Ureterovescial reflux ... Uropathogenic bacteria What is Uretherovescial reflux? • Backflow of urine from urethra into bladder • Urine comes down urethra, but it clamps and it goes back into the bladder, which is a STERILE area • Stress, incontinence, sneezing, coughing, straining forces What is Ureterovesical reflux? • Backflow of urine from bladder to one/both ureters • Common with valve incompetence, structural problems • Urine goes up ureter What are risk factors of Lower UTI? - Contributing conditions • Female • Diabetes • Preggo • Neurological disorders • Gout • Altered states caused by incomplete emptying of bladder and urinary stasis - Immunosuppression - Failure to empty bladder completely - Inflammation/abrasion of urethral mucosa - Instrumentation of urinary tract (catheter, cystoscopic procedures) - Obstructed urinary flow (tumors, stones) [Show More]

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