EDAPT Pharmokinetics Questions & Answers

EDAPT Pharmokinetics Questions & Answers Which step describes the biochemical alteration of a drug into an active or inactive metabolite? - ✔✔metabolism What is pharmacokinetics? - ✔✔What happens to the drug from the ...

EDAPT Pharmokinetics Questions & Answers Which step describes the biochemical alteration of a drug into an active or inactive metabolite? - ✔✔metabolism What is pharmacokinetics? - ✔✔What happens to the drug from the time is enters the body until it leaves Steps in the body - ✔✔Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion Match the steps of how a drug moves through the body to their descriptions. - ✔✔The elimination of a drug and any of its metabolites--Excretion The movement of a drug from its site of administration to the bloodstream-- Absorption Distribution is the transport of a drug through the bloodstream to its site of action--Distribution Biochemical alteration of a drug into an active or inactive metabolite--Metabolism Using the drop-down menus, select the words that complete the sentences accurately. - ✔✔A drug entering the body through the oral route is first ABSORBED in the INTESTINE and goes through the liver in something called FIRST PASS metabolism. It then goes through DISTRIBUTION by binding to plasma PROTEINS for transport throughout the body. Unbound drug is considered a(n) FREE drug, and is active in the blood. If two drugs both go through the cytochrome p450 3A4 enzyme system in the liver, which statement accurately describes what occurs? - ✔✔One drug blocks the other one, thereby increasing the amount of the second drug. Which factor affects absorption in an elderly patient? - ✔✔Decreased gastric pH The half-life of morphine is 2 hours. How long would it take for morphine sulfate to get to steady state in someone provided the maintain the same strength and dose? - ✔✔10 hours How are most medications transported through the body? - ✔✔bound to proteins Look at the following onset, peak, and duration graphic showing five different types of insulin. Select the correct duration for the following based on the table: - ✔✔Lispro: 9 hours Regular: 10 hours NPH: 16 hours Glargine: 20 hours Click and drag each item to where it affects pharmacokinetics in the elderly. - ✔✔Absorption Decreased gastric pH, Slowed gastric emptying, Movement through the entire GI tract slowed, Blood flow to the GI tract decreased 40-50% Distribution Decreased percentage of total body water, Increased fat content as lean body mass decreases, Fewer protein binding sites, specifically albumin Metabolism Decreased levels of microsomal enzymes, Hepatic metabolism decreased because of less blood flow Excretion Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreased 40-50%, Fewer intact nephrons Oral medication goes through the liver after being absorbed by the intestine. What is the movement through the liver known as? - ✔✔First pass metabolism Fill in blanks - ✔✔Julie is on vancomycin, a powerful antibiotic. Julie's peaks and troughs are being monitored by intermittent serum levels of vancomycin. You know that a TROUGH level is drawn to determine the lowest therapeutic dose you want the patient to be at. The PEAK level is drawn to monitor and adjust the highest level the patient should be at without the medication being toxic. The peak level should be drawn two hours AFTER the medication is given, and the trough level should be drawn immediately BEFORE the next dose is given. Insulin is used to reduce blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. Reviewing the graph below which of the following are accurate statements? Select all that apply. - ✔✔Lispro should be taken right before eating because it has a quick onset and peak The longer the duration, the lower the peak Calculate the following for each medication and select the correct response from the drop-down menu. What is the amount of medication left after one half life? How long will the medication take to reach steady state assuming 5 half-lives if the patient takes the medication as ordered? - ✔✔Amoxicillin 800mg every 6 hours half life: 1 hour Steady state: 30 hours Metoprolol 100mg twice daily HL: 4.5 hrs SS: 60 hrs Acetaminophen 500 mg every 8 hrs HL: 3 hrs SS 40 hrs Which terms are used when discussing pharmacokinetics? Select all that apply. - ✔✔steady state, onset and duration bioavailability