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PERCUTANEOUS NEPHROLITHOTOMY (PCNL)

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Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy(PCNL) is a minimally invasive procedure in the field of urology which aims to remove kidney stones using percutaneous access to reach the pelviokaliceal system. Since t ... he invention of the percutaneous procedure using a needle to decompress hydronephrosis in 1955 by Willard Goodwin, endourology has developed very rapidly, especially to treat disorders of the kidneys and upper urinary tract. In the early 1980s the PCNL procedure was very popular as a therapy for kidney stones, but since the discovery of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) in the mid 1980s its use has declined. In subsequent developments, several weaknesses were found in the ESWL procedure, so that PCNL was once again popular as a treatment for kidney stones with the rapid advancement of its techniques and equipment. [Show More]

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