68WM6 Nutrition

68WM6 Nutrition Question Answer A science and study of food that includes ingestion, digestion, and metabolism, important to many of the body’s systems and has a direct and indirect role to all body processes. Nut ...

68WM6 Nutrition Question Answer A science and study of food that includes ingestion, digestion, and metabolism, important to many of the body’s systems and has a direct and indirect role to all body processes. Nutrition Building blocks of proteins, end products in protein digestion. Amino Acid The building and repairing phase of metabolism. Anabolism Self imposed starvation at or below 85% normal weight. Anorexia Nervosa Amount of energy used at rest to maintain vital body functions. Basal Metabolic Rate Compulsive overeating. Binge Eating This is used to estimate to determine if a person is at risk due to weight, used to define obesity. Body Mass Index Eating disorder, continuous eating followed by purging, body weight is usually normal. Bulimia Nervosa Destructive phase of metabolism. Catabolism Waxy fat-like substance found in the blood stream that is needed to make cell membranes, Vitamin D, and hormones. Cholesterol Nondigestible chemical substances found in plants. Dietary Fiber When the contents of the stomach enter too rapidly into the duodenum. Dumping syndrome Administration of nutrients into the G.I. Tract. Enteral Nutrition Nutrients that must be obtained from the diet. Essential Nutrients The body’s storage form of carbs in the liver and skeletal muscles. Glycogen Process when hydrogen is added to vegetable oil to make it solid at room temperature. Hydrogenation A measurement of energy that a specific food can provide the body. Kilocalorie No meat or eggs, but will consume dairy. Lactovegetarian No meat, but will eat dairy products and eggs. Lactovovegetarian Fats, oils, sterols, phospholipids, and waxes (all water insoluble.) Lipids Lipid surrounded by protein. Transport lipids. LDL, VLDL, HDL. Lipoprotein Specific nutrition services to treat a condition. Medical Nutrition Therapy The amount of nitrogen consumed compared to the amount excreted. Nitrogen Balance Foods with one or more high quality nutrients in a small amount of calories. Nutrient Dense Food Excess of adipose, 33% adults and 22% of children are obese, genetics and lifestyle contribute. Obesity Administering nutrients in a way other than the alimentary canal (Example: IV.) Parenteral Nutrition Related to inadequate intake of B12, more common in older people. Pernicious Anemia Substances that remain in the colon after digestion is completed. Residue A feeling of fullness and satisfaction from food. Satiety A diet used as a medical treatment. Therapeutic Diet Instance when no food is given by other routes. Total Parental Nutrition Liquefied food is put into the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, or feeding tube. Tube Feeding A person that eliminates all intake of foods of animal origin. Vegan A vitamin that primarily helps with blood clotting. Vitamin K A mineral that primarily regulates fluid and acid base balance. Sodium A mineral that primarily helps in cellular function and regulation of fluid, has a role in acid base balance, helps lower high BP. Potassium A mineral that primarily deals with bone and teeth formation, also aids in clotting. Calcium A mineral that primarily works on Energy Metabolism, Oxygen transport. Part of hemoglobin and myoglobin. Iron A mineral that primarily works on Bone mineralization, BP regulation. Contraction and relaxation of muscles. Magnesium A mineral that primarily forms RBCs. Necessary to use iron. Copper A mineral that is essential to immune function, Wound healing. Involved in metabolism, second only to iron. Zinc The human body is 60% water at adult, 80% at infant. This transports substances, serves as a lubricant. Regulates body temperature, Aids in digestion, provides moisture. Vary depending on age, activity, and health. Water Polysaccharides, Nondigestible. Prevents constipation, Reduces cholesterol. Speeds transit of foods, Reduces colon pressure. Dietary Fibers Fiber that dissolves in water, Slows digestion rate. Decrease in blood sugar absorption. Soluble Fiber Fiber that does not dissolve in water. Aids in material movement through GI Tract. Insoluble Fiber Stage of growth where most rapid growth and development occurs, average infant birth weight triples by age one. Infancy Stage of growth where appetite tapers, growth rate slows; Food is Childhood