Nclex Random Facts

Nclex Random Facts Question Answer A kid with Hepatitis A can return to school when? 1 week within the onset of jaundice. After a patient has dialysis they may have a slight fever...t/f? True this is normal due ...

Nclex Random Facts Question Answer A kid with Hepatitis A can return to school when? 1 week within the onset of jaundice. After a patient has dialysis they may have a slight fever...t/f? True this is normal due to the fact that the dialysis solution is warmed by the machine. Hyperkalemia presents on an EKG as tall peaked T-waves The antidote for Mag Sulfate toxicity is Calcium Gluconate Impetigo is a CONTAGEOUS skin disorder and the person needs to wash ALL linens and dishes seperate from the family. They also need to wash their hands frequently and avoid contact Vasopressin is also known as antidiuretic hormone dont give beta blockers to anyone with respiratory problems i.e asthma, copd. periorbital edema sign of complication with impetigo (indicate glomernephritis) Myocardial infaraction always relieve pain with morphine 1st. sometimes the choice oxygen will be in the same question. choose morphine. Diagnostic test for Cystic Fibrosis positive sweat test. Difference between DKA and HHNK DKA-KETONES IN URINE, FRUITY BREATH, KUSSMAUL RESP DIABETES I, HHNK-NO KETONESSUGAR HIGH-DIABETES ii Black Cohosh is used to treat menopausal symptoms. When taken with an antihypertensive, it may cause hypotension. Licorice can increase potassium loss and may cause dig toxicity. Difference btw appendicitis and gastroenitis With acute appendicitis, expect to see pain first then nausea and vomiting. With gastroenitis, you will see nausea and vomiting first then pain. If a patient is allergic to latex, they should avoid apricots, cherries, grapes, kiwi, passion fruit, bananas, avocados, chestnuts, tomatoes and peaches. Do not elevate the stump after an AKA after the first 24 hours, as this may cause flexion contracture. Hyperkalemia mneumonic Bananna under a Tall Tent (elevated t waves) Celiac disease can't eat.. BROW: Barley rye oats or wheat Post eye surgery postition on unaffected side Watch for Diabetes insidipus with what surgeries? lung, craniotomy, or putitary TX for preterm labor mag sulfate and terbutaline (Brethine) Chest tubes should have fluctuation or not? The level in the water seal chamber (chest tubes) fluctuates with respiration- no fluctuation indicates an obstruction and excessive bubbling indicates an air leak. Nephrotic Syndrome leads to proteinuria Glomerulonephritis leads to hematuria Goodell's Sign the softening of the cervix at the start of the 2nd month of pregnancy Nagels rule First date of last menstrual period + 7 days - 3 months + 1year. Vinca Alkaloids (Vincristine) lead to neurotoxicity and can present with numbness and tingling in the legs or paralytic ileus. Vitamin C can cause what false postive Occult stool tx for DVT elevate, bed rest, warm compress Which insulin to draw first Clear/ Regular Hypoglycemia symptoms (TIRED) Tachycardia, irritability, restless, excessive hunger, diaphoresis pulse parodoxus - pulse is weak on inspiration and strong on expiration...could be a sign of CARDIAC TAMPONADE LS ratio 2=immature 2-3=boderline give dexamethasone tx of DIC Heparin what med will increase intraoccular pressure with glaucoma Atropine (don't give) Narcotic of choice for pancreatitis demoral (morphine may cause spasms in the sphincter of Oddi) Diabetes insipidus - Dries you out... high urine output ---> leads to hypernatremia and Dehydration) SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate diuretic hormone) - makes you Soaking wet... (fluid retention ---> leads to hyponatremia and Cerebral edema) Prenatal visit schedules Prenatal Visits q 4 weeks -28-32 weeksq 2 weeks -32-36 weeksq1 week -36-40 weeks thyroid storm Main sign fever ABCDEs of malignant melanoma: A = Asymmetry;B = Border;C = Color;D = Diameter;E = Elevation Widening pulse pressure is a sign of increased ICP Abruptio placentae may be a complication of... severe preeclampsia Amniocentesis is done as early as 14 weeks of gestation Chorionic villi sampling is done as early as 10 weeks of gestation Kawasaki disease tx high dose of asprin to reduce the risk of heart problems schilling test done to test for pernicious anemia, measures how well the person absorbs b12 Normal ICP : 0 - 15mmHg Tension pneumothorax signs tracheal shift to opposite side, decreased venous return, neck vein bulge, tachycardia and tachypnea. superior vena cava syndrome s/s: nosebleeds, edema in the eyes, edema of hands, dyspnea, mental status changes. s/s of rheumatic fever: painful swollen joints, jerky movements, enlarged heart, heart murmur, nontender lumps on bony areas, white painful lesions on the trunk s/s of vit B12 deficiency: pallor, slight jaundice, smooth beefy red tongue, tingling hands and feet, and difficulty with gait VEAL CHOP V = variable decels; C = cord compression caused E = early decels; H = head compression caused A = accels; O = okay, not a problem! L = late decels = placental insufficiency, can't fill Late decel position Left side Chvostek's Sign - Test which reveals spasm of the facial muscle when the face is tapped over the facial nerve, in the area of the parotid gland - positive results may indicate hypocalcemia, acid-base imbalance, or reaction to a blood transfusion Trousseau's Sign carpopedal spasm that occurs when a blood pressure cuff is inflated above the client's SBP and left in place 2-3 minutes - an indication of latent tetany, which may indicate hypocalcemia Glucose tolerance test given when during preg? 24-28 weeks zero station level with the ischial spines (below +) (above -) epidural hemotoma Epidural hematoma is most serious type of hematoma, caused by arterial bleed, forms between dura & skull from tear in meningeal artery, emergency surgery needed! Hemophilia A is caused by a deficiency in clotting factor VIII. S/s of digitalis toxicity: blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, light flashes, and yellowishgreen halos around dark objects. Tumor lysis syndrome is a potential complication of leukemia. the virus that causes cold sores on the lips Herpes Simplex Type I If patient has an air embolus turn them on their... left side with their head down to trap the air in the right ventricle. Heparin antagonist Protamine sulfate Coumadin antagonist Vit K IgA: Found in body secretions, tears, saliva, colostrum and breast milk Characteristics: lines mucous membranes and protects body surfaces IgD: Found in plasma Characteristics: Present on lymphocytes IgE: Found in plasma, interstitial fluids, exocrine secretions Characteristics: allergic/anaphylaxis, bound to mast cells IgG: Found in plasma, interstitial fluid Characteristics: crosses placenta, secondary immune response IgM: Found in plasma Characteristics: primary immune response, involved in ABO antigens Thalassemia Major a.k.a. Cooley's anemia is an autosomal recessive disorder. S/S are severe anemia, pallor, failure to thrive, hepatosplenomegaly, microcytic RBCs. Tx is administer folic acid, blood transfusions, monitor for iron overload, genetic counseling. Atrial Septal Defect : abnormal opening between atria which causes increased flow of oxygenated blood to go into right side of heart. Right atrial & right ventrical enlarge. May be closed using cardiac catheterization or cardiopulmonary bypass done before school age. Flail chestaffected side goes down with inspiration and up during expiration. Caused by fx of multiple ribs. Monitor for shock, give O2, pain meds, TCDB(turn, cough, deep breath) Cirrohsis: Prone to bleeding T/F True: do not give IM injections Emphysema Carbon dioxide retention, hypoxia, & respiratory acidosis.S/S anorexia, weight loss, breathlessness, cough, sputum production, flaring, acessory muscle breathing, pink puffer Coffee Brown emesis indicates.. Peptic ulcer pulse deficit The difference between the apical and radial pulses is called the pulse deficit. Position after lumbar puncture Supine for 8 hours Korsakoff's Psychosis: common in alcoholics. They need Thiamine which can be found in organ meats Common clinical s/s of acute pyelonephritis include flank pain, fever, chills, dysuria, costovertibral angle tenderness, frequency , urgency, malaise, & possiblely bloody or cloudy urine. Sickle Cell Anemia s/sx : jaundice, progressive impair kidney function,s/s secondary to hemolysis & thrombosis, enlarged facial/skull bones, prone to infections, leg ulcers, gallstones, splenomegaly, cardiomegaly, tachycardia, flow murmurs, growth retardation, delayed puberty. Lumbar puncture position –the pt into a fetal position, The pt uses his/her arms to their hold knees in place, head bent forward. This increases space between their vertebrae. When administering an enema you should insert it 3-4 inches into the rectum. Cellulitis inflammation of soft tissues that can extend to surrounding tissues. The skin becomes reddened, warm, swollen, & sometimes painful. Grave's disease causes s/s of hypermetabolism such as heat intolerance, diaphoresis, excess thirst, hunger & weight loss. One way to promote comfort is to keep the room temperature at a cool setting. Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic & diastolic pressures Hydrocephalus usually causes an enlarged head with wide or bulging fontanelles, an excessive diameter, shiny scalp with prominent veins, separation of suture lines & downward slanting eyes. Unequal gluteal folds, unequal thigh lengths, & shortening of affected side are s/s of congenital hip dislocation. The normal neonatal heart rate is 120-160 bpm. An apgar score of 5-7 indicates mild respiratory depression. A baby with cleft lip & palate should be fed in an upright postion to lower risk of aspiration. They should also be burped more often due to the fact that they may inhale more air during feedings. Tachycardia & lethargy may be seen in newborns with hypoglycemia. Leopold's manuvers a series of abdominal palpations that are used to check fetal position, presentation, & lie. Basophils responsible for releasing histamine. An infant usually transfers objects from one hand to the other by 6-7 months of age. An infant can grasp a rattle in the hands by 4 months. Because feedings require so much energy, an infant with heart failure should rest before feeding. Iron deficiency anemia is a common complication with teenage pregnancies. The most serious adverse effect associated with high doses of MAOI's is hypertensive crisis.