HESI Exit Exam V6 - Question and Answers (100% Complete Guide)

HESI Exit Exam V6 - Question and Answers HESI EXIT Exam V6 1. A parent tells the nurse that their 6 year-old child who normally enjoys school, has not been doing well since the grandmother died 2 months ago. Which st ...

HESI Exit Exam V6 - Question and Answers HESI EXIT Exam V6 1. A parent tells the nurse that their 6 year-old child who normally enjoys school, has not been doing well since the grandmother died 2 months ago. Which statement most accurately describes thoughts on death and dying at this age? 2. A 67 year-old client with non-insulin dependent diabetes should be instructed to contact the out-patient clinic immediately if the following findings are present 3. The nurse admits an elderly Mexican-American migrant worker after an accident that occurred during work. To facilitate communication the nurse should initially 4. In assessing a post partum client, the nurse palpates a firm fundus and observes a constant trickle of bright red blood from the vagina. What is the most likely cause of these findings? 5. The nurse notes an abrupt onset of confusion in an elderly patient. Which of the following recently-ordered medications would most likely contribute to this change? 6. The nurse is caring for a client with active tuberculosis who has a history of noncompliance. Which of the following actions by the nurse would represent appropriate care for this client? 7. The nurse manager identifies that time spent by staff in charting is excessive, requiring overtime for completion. The nurse manager states that "staff will form a task force to investigate and develop potential solutions to the problem, and report on this at the next staff meeting." The nurse manager's leadership style is best described as 8. A nursing student asks the nurse manager to explain the forces that drive health care reform. The appropriate response by the nurse manager should include 9. A client with hepatitis A (HAV) is newly admitted to the unit. Which action would be the priority to include in the plan of care within the initial 24 hours for this client? 10. A client has been taking alprazolam (Xanax) for 3 days. Nursing assessment should reveal which expected effect of the drug? 11. The nurse observes a staff member caring for a client with a left unilateral mastectomy. The nurse would intervene if she notices the staff member is 12. A 70 year-old post-operative client has elevated serum BUN, Hct, Cl, and Na+. Creatinine and K+ are within normal limits. The nurse should perform additional assessments to confirm that an actual problem is: 13. The nurse is providing foot care instructions to a client with arterial insufficiency. The nurse would identify the need for additional teaching if the client stated 14. A woman who delivered 5 days ago and had been diagnosed with preeclampsia calls the hospital triage nurse hotline to ask for advice. She states “ I have had the worst headache for the past 2 days. It pounds and by the middle of the afternoon everything I look at looks wavy. Nothing I have taken helps.” What should the nurse do next? 15. The primary teaching for a client following an extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL) procedure is 16. A client on warfarin therapy following coronary artery stent placement calls the clinic to ask if he can take Alka-Seltzer for an upset stomach. What is the best response by the nurse? 17. The nurse is working with parents to plan home care for a 2 year-old with a heart problem. A priority nursing intervention would be to 18. The nurse is caring for a client with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Which nursing diagnosis should receive priority in the plan of care? 19. An unlicensed assistive staff member asks the nurse manager to explain the beliefs of a Christian Scientist who refuses admission to the hospital after a motor vehicle accident. The best response of the nurse would be which of these statements? 20. In order to be effective in administering cardiopulmonary resuscitation to a 5 year- old, the nurse must 21. The nurse is providing home care for a client with heart failure and pulmonary edema. Which nursing diagnosis should have priority in planning care? 22. For which of the following mother-baby pairs should the nurse review the Coomb's test in preparation for administering RhO (D) immune globulin within 72 hours of birth? 23. An 80 year-old nursing home resident has a temperature of 101.6 degrees Fahrenheit rectally. This is a sudden change in an otherwise healthy client. Which should the nurse assess first? 25. What is the major purpose of community health research? 26. The recent increase in the reported cases of active tuberculosis (TB) in the United States is attributed to which factor? 27. A 15 month-old child comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit after hospitalization for treatment of Kawasaki Disease. The nurse recognizes that which of the following scheduled immunizations will be delayed? 28. The nurse is assessing a pregnant client in her third trimester. The parents are informed that the ultrasound suggests that the baby is small for gestational age (SGA). An earlier ultrasound indicated normal growth. The nurse understands that this change is most likely due to what factor? 29. After the shift report in a labor and delivery unit which of these clients would the nurse check first? 30. The nurse is caring for an 87 year-old client with urinary retention. Which finding should be reported immediately? 31. The nasogastric tube of a post-op gastrectomy client has stopped draining greenish liquid. The nurse should 32. The parents of a child who has recently been diagnosed with asthma ask the nurse to explain the condition to them. The best response is "Asthma causes… 33. The nurse is assessing a child with suspected lead poisoning. Which of the following assessments is the nurse most likely to find? 34. The nurse is caring for a client with end-stage heart failure. The family members are distressed about the client's impending death. What action should the nurse do first? 35. The nurse is caring for a client with Meniere's disease. When teaching the client about the disease, the nurse should explain that the client should avoid foods high in 36. The nurse is teaching a mother who will breast feed for the first time. Which of the following is a priority? 37. The nurse is taking a health history from parents of a child admitted with possible Reye's Syndrome. Which recent illness would the nurse recognize as increasing the risk to develop Reye's Syndrome? 38. While giving care to a 2 year-old client, the nurse should remember that the toddler's tendency to say "no" to almost everything is an indication of what psychosocial skill? 39. A postpartum client admits to alcohol use throughout the pregnancy. Which of the following newborn assessments suggests to the nurse that the infant has fetal alcohol syndrome? 40. The nurse is attending a workshop about caring for persons infected with Hepatitis. Which statement is correct when referring to the incidence rate for Hepatitis? 41. A 36 year-old female client has a hemoglobin level of 14 g/dl and a hematocrit of 42% following a D&C. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find when assessing this client? 42. The nurse is caring for a client suspected to have Tuberculosis (TB). Which of the following diagnostic tests is essential for determining the presence of active TB? The nurse is caring for a client suspected to have Tuberculosis (TB). Which of the following diagnostic tests is essential for determining the presence of active TB? 43. The nurse has been teaching an apprehensive primipara who has difficulty in initial nursing of the newborn. What observation at the time of discharge suggests that initial breast feeding is effective? 44. The mother of a burned child asks the nurse to clarify what is meant by a third degree burn. The best response by the nurse is 45. The nurse is taking a health history from a Native American client. It is critical that the nurse must remember that eye contact with such clients is considered 46. A nurse is instructing a class for new parents at a local community center. The nurse would stress that which activity is most hazardous for an 8 month-old child? 47. When teaching parents about sickle cell disease, the nurse should tell them that their child's anemia is caused by 48. The nurse is assessing a newborn delivered at home by an admitted heroin addict. Which of the following would the nurse expect to observe? 49. The nurse is caring for a client with congestive heart failure. Which finding requires the nurse's immediate attention? 50. The nurse is assessing a young child at a clinic visit for a mild respiratory infection. Koplik spots are noted on the oral mucous membranes. The nurse should then assess which area of the body? 51. Which action is most likely to ensure the safety of the nurse while making a home visit? 52. An adolescent client is admitted in respiratory alkalosis following aspirin overdose. The nurse recognizes that this imbalance was caused by 53. The nurse discovers that the parents of a 2 year-old child continue to use an apnea monitor each night. The parents state: “We are concerned about the possible occurrence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).” In order to take appropriate action, the nurse must understand that 54. As a client is being discharged following resolution of a spontaneous pneumothorax, he tells the nurse that he is now going to Hawaii for a vacation. The nurse would warn him to avoid 55. The nurse is providing diet instruction to the parents of a child with cystic fibrosis. The nurse would emphasize that the diet should be 56. A client had arrived in the USA from a developing country 1 week prior. The client is to be admitted to the medical surgical unit with a diagnosis of AIDS with a history of unintended weight loss, drug abuse, night sweats, productive cough and a "feeling of being hot all the time." The nurse should assign the client to share a room with a client with the diagnosis of 57. A client's admission urinalysis shows the specific gravity value of 1.039. Which of the following assessment data would the nurse expect to find when assessing this client? 58. Parents are concerned that their 11 year-old child is a very picky eater. The nurse suggests which of the following as the best initial approach? 59. At a community health fair the blood pressure of a 62 year-old client is 160/96. The client states “My blood pressure is usually much lower.” The nurse should tell the client to 60. A client is admitted to the emergency room with renal calculi and is complaining of moderate to severe flank pain and nausea. The client’s temperature is 100.8 degrees Fahrenheit. The priority nursing goal for this client is 61. An RN who usually works in a spinal rehabilitation unit is floated to the emergency department. Which of these clients should the charge nurse assign to this RN? 62. While planning care for a toddler, the nurse teaches the parents about the expected developmental changes for this age. Which statement by the mother shows that she understands the child's developmental needs? 63. A client who is pregnant comes to the clinic for a first visit. The nurse gathers data about her obstetric history, which includes 3 year old twins at home and a miscarriage 10 years ago at 12 weeks gestation. How would the nurse accurately document this information? 64. A child who ingested 15 maximum strength acetaminophen tablets 45 minutes ago is seen in the emergency department. Which of these orders should the nurse do first? 65. The nurse is preparing to administer an enteral feeding to a client via a nasogastric feeding tube. The most important action of the nurse is 66. The nurse anticipates that for a family who practices Chinese medicine the priority goal would be to 67. Which complication of cardiac catheterization should the nurse monitor for in the initial 24 hours after the procedure? 68. A nurse prepares to care for a 4 year-old newly admitted for rhabdomyosarcoma. The nurse should alert the staff to pay more attention to the function of which area of the body? 69. A client comes to the clinic for treatment of recurrent pelvic inflammatory disease. The nurse recognizes that this condition most frequently follows which type of infection? 70. During the evaluation of the quality of home care for a client with Alzheimer's disease, the priority for the nurse is to reinforce which statement by a family member? 71. The nurse is caring for a client with a venous stasis ulcer. Which nursing intervention would be most effective in promoting healing? 72. During an assessment of a client with cardiomyopathy, the nurse finds that the systolic blood pressure has decreased from 145 to 110 mm Hg and the heart rate has risen from 72 to 96 beats per minute and the client complains of periodic dizzy spells. The nurse instructs the client to 73. Which individual is at greatest risk for developing hypertension? 74. The nurse is caring for a client with a serum potassium level of 3.5 mEq/L. The client is placed on a cardiac monitor and receives 40 mEq KCL in 1000 ml of 5% dextrose in water IV. Which of the following EKG patterns indicates to the nurse that the infusions should be discontinued? 75. A client has been taking furosemide (Lasix) for the past week. The nurse recognizes which finding may indicate the client is experiencing a negative side effect from the medication? 76. Which of these statements best describes the characteristic of an effective reward- feedback system? 77. The nurse practicing in a maternity setting recognizes that the post mature fetus is at risk due to 78. A child who has recently been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis is in a pediatric clinic where a nurse is performing an assessment. Which later finding of this disease would the nurse not expect to see at this time? 79. Which of the following should the nurse implement to prepare a client for a KUB (Kidney, Ureter, Bladder) radiograph test? 80. The hospital has sounded the call for a disaster drill on the evening shift. Which of these clients would the nurse put first on the list to be discharged in order to make a room available for a new admission? 81. A triage nurse has these 4 clients arrive in the emergency department within 15 minutes. Which client should the triage nurse send back to be seen first? 82. A client is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin) 0.25 mg. Daily. The health care provider has written a new order to give metoprolol (Lopressor) 25 mg. B.I.D. In assessing the client prior to administering the medications, which of the following should the nurse report immediately to the health care provider? 83. A nurse enters a client's room to discover that the client has no pulse or respirations. After calling for help, the first action the nurse should take is 84. A 3 year-old child comes to the pediatric clinic after the sudden onset of findings that include irritability, thick muffled voice, croaking on inspiration, hot to touch, sit leaning forward, tongue protruding, drooling and suprasternal retractions. What should the nurse do first? 85. A nurse is to administer meperidine hydrochloride (Demerol) 100 mg, atropine sulfate (Atropisol) 0.4 mg, and promethizine hydrochloride (Phenergan) 50 mg IM to a pre- operative client. Which action should the nurse take first? 86. In children suspected to have a diagnosis of diabetes, which one of the following complaints would be most likely to prompt parents to take their school age child for evaluation? 87. A client has been newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism and will take levothyroxine (Synthroid) 50 mcg/day by mouth. As part of the teaching plan, the nurse emphasizes that this medication: 88. A client has a Swan-Ganz catheter in place. The nurse understands that this is intended to measure 89. Which of these findings indicate that a pump to deliver a basal rate of 10 ml per hour plus PRN for pain break through for morphine drip is not working? 90. The nurse is performing a neurological assessment on a client post right CVA. Which finding, if observed by the nurse, would warrant immediate attention? 91. When teaching a client with coronary artery disease about nutrition, the nurse should emphasize 92. The nurse is speaking at a community meeting about personal responsibility for health promotion. A participant asks about chiropractic treatment for illnesses. What should be the focus of the nurse’s response? 93. The home health nurse visits a male client to provide wound care and finds the client lethargic and confused. His wife states he fell down the stairs 2 hours ago. The nurse should 94. While assessing a 1 month-old infant, which finding should the nurse report immediately? 95. A client with multiple sclerosis plans to begin an exercise program. In addition to discussing the benefits of regular exercise, the nurse should caution the client to avoid activities which 96. The nurse is caring for a client who had a total hip replacement 4 days ago. Which assessment requires the nurse’s immediate attention? 97. The nurse is giving discharge teaching to a client 7 days post myocardial infarction. He asks the nurse why he must wait 6 weeks before having sexual intercourse. What is the best response by the nurse to this question? 98. What would the nurse expect to see while assessing the growth of children during their school age years? 99. The nurse is assigned to care for a client who has a leaking intracranial aneurysm. To minimize the risk of rebleeding , the nurse should plan to 100. The nurse is performing a gestational age assessment on a newborn delivered 2 hours ago. When comparing findings to the Ballard scale, which situation may affect the score? 101. A 4 year-old hospitalized child begins to have a seizure while playing with hard plastic toys in the hallway. Of the following nursing actions, which one should the nurse do first? 102. A client asks the nurse to explain the basic ideas of homeopathic medicine. The response that best explains this approach is that remedies 103. The nurse is caring for a 2 year-old who is being treated with chelation therapy, calcium disodium edetate, for lead poisoning. The nurse should be alert for which of the following side effects? 104. The nurse is caring for a 1 year-old child who has 6 teeth. What is the best way for the nurse to give mouth care to this child? 105. At a senior citizens meeting a nurse talks with a client who has diabetes mellitus Type 1. Which statement by the client during the conversation is most predictive of a potential for impaired skin integrity? 106. A couple trying to conceive asks the nurse when ovulation occurs. The woman reports a regular 32 day cycle. Which response by the nurse is correct? 107. Included in teaching the client with tuberculosis taking INH about follow-up home care, the nurse should emphasize that a laboratory appointment for which of the following lab tests is critical? 108. A 78 year-old client with pneumonia has a productive cough but is confused. Safety protective devices (restraints) have been ordered for this client. How can the nurse prevent aspiration? 109. A client with a fractured femur has been in Russell’s traction for 24 hours. Which nursing action is associated with this therapy? 110. The nurse is caring for a client with extracellular fluid volume deficit. Which of the following assessments would the nurse anticipate finding? 111. When suctioning a client's tracheostomy, the nurse should instill saline in order to 112. A woman in her third trimester complains of severe heartburn. What is appropriate teaching by the nurse to help the woman alleviate these symptoms? 113. A nurse is caring for a client who had a closed reduction of a fractured right wrist followed by the application of a fiberglass cast 12 hours ago. Which finding requires the nurse’s immediate attention? 114. A newborn is having difficulty maintaining a temperature above 98 degrees Fahrenheit and has been placed in a warming isolate. Which action is a nursing priority? 115. The nurse is caring for a client with a myocardial infarction. Which finding requires the nurse's immediate action? 116. A client is admitted with the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. While taking a history, the client tells the nurse he was admitted for the same thing twice before, the last time just 3 months ago. The nurse would anticipate the health care provider ordering 117. A 70 year-old woman is evaluated in the emergency department for a wrist fracture of unknown causes. During the process of taking client history, which of these items should the nurse identify as related to the client’s greatest risk factors for osteoporosis? 118. Decentralized scheduling is used on a nursing unit. A chief advantage of this management strategy is that it 119. A newborn has hyperbilirubinemia and is undergoing phototherapy with a blanket. Which safety measure is most important during this process? 120. The nurse is at the community center speaking with retired people. To which comment by one of the retirees during a discussion about glaucoma would the nurse give a supportive comment to reinforce correct information? 121. On daily cleaning of a tracheostomy, the client coughs and displaces the tracheostomy tube. The nurse could have avoided this by 122. Which contraindication should the nurse assess for prior to giving a child immunizations? 123. The nurse is teaching home care to the parents of a child with acute spasmodic croup. The most important aspect of this care is 124. A newborn delivered at home without a birth attendant is admitted to the hospital for observation. The initial temperature is 35 degrees Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit) axillary. The nurse recognizes that cold stress may lead to what complication? 125. In addition to standard precautions, a nurse should implement contact precautions for which client? 126. Which of the following situations is most likely to produce sepsis in the neonate? 127. Which client is at highest risk for developing a pressure ulcer? 128. A new nurse manager is responsible for interviewing applicants for a staff nurse position. Which interview strategy would be the best approach? 129. A client who is 12 hour post-op becomes confused and says: “Giant sharks are swimming across the ceiling.” Which assessment is necessary to adequately identify the source of this client's behavior? 130. A client returns from surgery after an open reduction of a femur fracture. There is a small bloodstain on the cast. Four hours later, the nurse observes that the stain has doubled in size. What is the best action for the nurse to take? 131. A nurse assessing the newborn of a mother with diabetes understands that hypoglycemia is related to what pathophysiological process? 132. The nurse is teaching a parent about side effects of routine immunizations. Which of the following must be reported immediately? 133. The parents of a toddler ask the nurse how long their child will have to sit in a car seat while in the automobile. What is the nurse’s best response to the parents? 134. A 16 year-old boy is admitted for Ewing's sarcoma of the tibia. In discussing his care with the parents, the nurse understands that the initial treatment most often includes 135. A client complains of some discomfort after a below the knee amputation. Which action by the nurse is appropriate to do initially? 136. What is the best way that parents of pre-schoolers can begin teaching their child about injury prevention? 137. Which oxygen delivery system would the nurse apply that would provide the highest concentrations of oxygen to the client? 138. The nurse is teaching the mother of a 5 month-old about nutrition for her baby. Which statement by the mother indicates the need for further teaching? 139. The nurse is performing an assessment on a client who is cachectic and has developed an enterocutaneous fistula following surgery to relieve a small bowel obstruction. The client's total protein level is reported as 4.5. Which of the following would the nurse anticipate? 141. A newborn weighed 7 pounds 2 ounces at birth. The nurse assesses the newborn at home 2 days later and finds the weight to be 6 pounds 7 ounces. What should the nurse tell the parents about this weight loss? 142. During a situation of pain management, which statement is a priority to consider for the ethical guidelines of the nurse? 143. A 35-year-old client of Puerto Rican-American descent is diagnosed with ovarian cancer. The client states “I refuse both radiation and chemotherapy because they are 'hot.'” The next action for the nurse to take is to 144. Which of the following drugs should the nurse anticipate administering to a client before they are to receive electroconvulsive therapy? 145. A client is brought to the emergency room following a motor vehicle accident. When assessing the client one-half hour after admission, the nurse notes several physical changes. Which changes would require the nurse's immediate attention? 146. Which approach is a priority for the nurse who works with clients from many different cultures? 147. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and a history of coronary artery disease is receiving Aminophylline, 25mg/hour. Which one of the following findings by the nurse would require immediate intervention? 148. The nurse is planning care for an 8 year-old child. Which of the following should be included in the plan of care? 149. A pregnant client who is at 34 weeks gestation is diagnosed with a pulmonary embolism (PE). Which of these mediations would the nurse anticipate the health care provider ordering? 150. The nurse is caring for a client with Hodgkin's disease who will be receiving radiation therapy. The nurse recognizes that, as a result of the radiation therapy, the client is most likely to experience 151. While assessing the vital signs in children, the nurse should know that the apical heart rate is preferred until the radial pulse can be accurately assessed at about what age? 152. Which of these clients, who all have the findings of a board-like abdomen, would the nurse suggest that the health care provider examine first? 153. A client with a panic disorder has a new prescription for Xanax (Alprazolam). In teaching the client about the drug's actions and side effects, which of the following should the nurse emphasize? 154. Which of these questions is priority when assessing a client with hypertension? 155. During a routine check-up, an insulin-dependent diabetic has his glycosylated hemoglobin checked. The results indicate a level of 11%. Based on this result, what teaching should the nurse emphasize? 156. Which of these clients would the nurse monitor for the complication of C. difficile diarrhea? 157. The nurse is assessing a comatose client receiving gastric tube feedings. Which of the following assessments requires an immediate response from the nurse? 158. The nurse is preparing to take a toddler's blood pressure for the first time. Which of the following actions should the nurse do first? 159. A 72 year-old client is scheduled to have a cardioversion. A nurse reviews the client’s medication administration record. The nurse should notify the health care provider if the client received which medication during the preceding 24 hours? 160. To prevent drug resistance common to tubercle bacilli, the nurse is aware that which of the following agents are usually added to drug therapy?