NZ Nursing STATE EXAM 2023 with complete solution

NZ Nursing STATE EXAM 2023 with complete solution what are the 9 ethical principles? ✔✔-Autonomy -Beneficence -Non-maleficence -Justice -Confidentiality -Veracity -Fidelity -Guardianship of the environment ...

NZ Nursing STATE EXAM 2023 with complete solution what are the 9 ethical principles? ✔✔-Autonomy -Beneficence -Non-maleficence -Justice -Confidentiality -Veracity -Fidelity -Guardianship of the environment -Being professional What are the 7 Maori Ethical Principles? ✔✔-Rangatiratanaga -Manaakitanga -Tika -Whanaungatanga -Wairuatanga -Kotahitanga -Kaitiatanga Define Rangatiratanga ✔✔Self-determination and right to determine destiny. Define Manaakitanga ✔✔Showing kindness, treating people with respect, caring for others, nurturing relationships. Define Tika ✔✔Importance of truth, justices, fairness and rights. Define Whanaungatanga ✔✔Process of establishing relationships, whanau connection Define Kotahitanga ✔✔Unity, togetherness, solidarity and collective action. Define Wairuatanga ✔✔Understanding and believing there is a spiritual existence in addition to the physical. Define Kaitiatanga ✔✔Guardianship or stewardship Define veracity ✔✔honest and truthfulness Define fidelity ✔✔obligation to remain faithful to one's commitment to others What is principle 1 from Code of Conduct ✔✔Respect the dignity & individuality of health consumers What is principle 2 from Code of Conduct ✔✔Respect the cultural needs & values of health consumers What is principle 3 from Code of Conduct ✔✔Work in partnership with health consumers to promote and protect their well-being What is principle 4 from Code of Conduct ✔✔Maintain health consumer trust by providing safe and competent care What is principle 5 from Code of Conduct ✔✔Respect health consumers privacy and confidentiality What is principle 6 from Code of Conduct ✔✔Work respectfully with colleagues to best meet health consumer needs What is principle 7 from Code of Conduct ✔✔Act with integrity to justify health consumers' trust What is principle 8 from Code of Conduct ✔✔Maintain public trust & confidence in the nursing profession. Define Asthma ✔✔Chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterised by reversible airway obstruction. Name the 3 characteristics of asthma ✔✔-Wheezyness -Chest tightness -Cough Name common triggers for asthma ✔✔-Tobacco -Pollutants -Exercise Describe the Pathophysiology of Asthma ✔✔Smooth muscles constrict in the bronchioles, airways become inflamed, mucus production increases Common medications used to treat Asthma ✔✔Short acting bronchodilator: Salbutamol & terbutaline Long acting bronchodilator: Salmeterol Describe COPD ✔✔Chronic Obstruction of Pulmonary Disease: Progressive development of airflow limitation that is not fully reversible and obstruction of the lung parenchyma occurs. Define Emphysema ✔✔Destruction of the alveolar walls, producing large air spaces within the lungs, loss of lung elasticity and air trapped = decreased surface area of lungs = decrease air exchange Define Chronic Bronchitis ✔✔When inflammation and blockage destroys cilia in the lungs = airflow resistance = increase of work of breathing. What are the complications of COPD? ✔✔Co-mordbidities such as pneumonia, heart disease, What is Heart Failure? ✔✔When the heart is unable to pump and supply sufficient blood to the body needs Definition of Shock ✔✔It is a syndrome characterised by tissue ischemia from decreased peerfusion and impaired cellular metabolism What are the 3 causes of cardiogenic shock? ✔✔-primary ventricular ischemia caused by MI -structural problems -Arrhythmias What does the 3 causes of cardiogenic shock result in? ✔✔systolic dysfunction: ineffective forward movement of blood. This leads to decrease in stroke volume and cardiac output = decrease in cellular oxygen supply, tissue perfusion and impaired cellular metabolism. What are the two types of hypovolaemia ? ✔✔-Absolute hypovolaemia: Fluid loss from haemorrhage, GI loss or great big fistula. -Relative Hypovolaemia: When fluid moves from vascular space to extra vascular space What is the pathophysiology of hypovolaemic shock? ✔✔Decrease in circulating volume, venous return, stroke volume, cardiac output, cellular O2 supply, tissue perfusion and impaired cellular metabolism. What are the four stages of Labour? ✔✔-The cervix opens to 10cm dilated -The baby moves through the vagina and is born -The placenta is delivered -Rest & recovery How long do you monitor the mother after birth and what do you monitor for? ✔✔Must monitor the mother 1-2 hours postpartum to detect haemorrhage or hypovolaemia Why do new borns need vitamin K? ✔✔We administer vitamin K via vastus lateralis because newborns cannot synthesise vitamin K in the intestines without the bacterial flora.