NR 222 Unit 1 |66 Questions with Answers Latest,100% CORRECT

NR 222 Unit 1 |66 Questions with Answers Latest Health Care Models Health belief model - CORRECT ANSWER In this model or theory, perceptions are modified by the environment, creating the likelihood that the indivi ...

NR 222 Unit 1 |66 Questions with Answers Latest Health Care Models Health belief model - CORRECT ANSWER In this model or theory, perceptions are modified by the environment, creating the likelihood that the individual will alter perceptions to gain better health or wellness Most important aspect is susceptibility. Health Care Models Health promotion model - CORRECT ANSWER This model focuses on 3 areas. 1. Individual characteristic and experience. 2.behavior specific knowledge and affect. 3.behavioral outcomes. Health Care Models Maslow's hierarchy of needs - CORRECT ANSWER This model is used to understand the basic interrelationships of basic human needs. The higher needs can only be met when the ones beneath are have been met satisfactorily. self actualization self esteem needs love and belonging needs safety and security needs ( physical and psychological) physiological needs Health Care Models Holistic Health Model - CORRECT ANSWER One of several models that view health by considering: emotional spiritual cultural well-being This model understands the natural healing and alternative complimentary ideas to maintain wellness and achieve health and healing. Health Care Models Transtheoretical Model of Change - CORRECT ANSWER The transtheoretical model of change is a widely used model in smoking cessation clinics throughout the country and frames behavioral changes to improve health through motivational levels or stages. stages of health behavior change Precontemplative- not considering change, RN role-educator, educate the risks. Advocate, access their willingness. Contemplative- Aware of but not considering change soon RN role- motivation, open to education, access their barrier. Counselor, listen. Preparation- Planning to act soon RN role- provide options. Educate treatment options. Process of change. Guide the patients. Action- Has begun to make behavioral change (recent) RN role- supporter, coach, adjust the plan, caregiver identifies barriers. Additional resources. Educate. Maintenance- Continued to commitment to behavior (long term) RN role- support, mentor. Identify other issues or provide long term resources. Researcher, see what helped an common patterns that helped. Relapse- Reverts back to old behavior RN role- find other alternative solutions, educate. Levels of Prevention Primary level - CORRECT ANSWER The goal of primary prevention is to stop illness or injury before it happens. Health promotion- For instance, antismoking laws are a form of primary prevention, Specific protection- immunizations, flu vaccines, seat belts, and sunscreen. The role of the nurse is to promote, and educate patients. Both active and passive health promotion. Passive example-efforts to introduce vitamin D to ensure children without sunlight will not get rickets. Active- Exercise as part of a physical fitness plan. Levels of Prevention Secondary level - CORRECT ANSWER This level of prevention ranges from providing screening activities and treating early stages of disease. Limiting disability by adverting or delaying disease. Nurses role is to educate or to modify patient behaviors. Levels of Prevention Tertiary level - CORRECT ANSWER This level of prevention occurs when a defect or disability is permanent or irreversible. Focuses on rehabilitation to help people attain and retain optimal level of health. Example, person with a stroke rehabilitating to the highest level of function and teaching lifestyle changes to prevent future strokes. The role of the nurse is to educate. Nursing - CORRECT ANSWER American Nurses Association's (ANA, 2010) definition of nursing. "Nursing is the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations" Health - CORRECT ANSWER The World Health Organization (WHO) (as cited in Potter, Perry, Stockert, & Hall, 2017) says health is a "state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (p. 66) Epidemiology - CORRECT ANSWER The study of health and disease in society. Wellness-illness continuum - CORRECT ANSWER A dichotomized portrayal of health and illness ranging from high-level wellness at the positive end to depletion of health at the negative end. Movement towards the negative end of the continuum includes adaption to disease and disability through various levels of function ability. High level wellness - CORRECT ANSWER A sense of well being, life satisfaction, and quality of life. Ecological model of health - CORRECT ANSWER Useful for promoting health at individual, family, community, and societal levels. Social determinants of health - CORRECT ANSWER factors in society that have an influence on health and the options available to people to improve or maintain their health. person centered care - CORRECT ANSWER An attempt to involve the individuals and their families in the delivery of individual responsibilities and lifestyle choices. Functional health - CORRECT ANSWER Being present or absent, high or low level wellness influences by neighborhood and society. There are physical, mental, and social levels of function. Wellness - CORRECT ANSWER Is a positive state in which incremental increases can be made beyond the midpoint. Improving both physical and mental health states. Health Ecology - CORRECT ANSWER Health from an ecological view is multidimensional from the individual to the community. This view is high level wellness by recognizing social and environmental factors that can enhance or limit healthy behaviors. Disease - CORRECT ANSWER "without ease" defined as a failure of a persons mechanisms to counteract stimuli and stresses adequately. Illness - CORRECT ANSWER Composed of the subjective experience of the individual. Healthy people - CORRECT ANSWER 5 national health goals 1. Improve infants health 2. Improve child health 3. Improve adolescents an young adults health and habits. 4. improve adult health 5. Improve quality and health of older adults. ICYAO Healthy people 2000 - CORRECT ANSWER 3 broad goals 1. Increase span of healthy life. 2.Reduce health disparities. 3. Create access to prevent services for all. Healthy people 2010 - CORRECT ANSWER 2 overarching goals 1. Increase quality and years of healthy life. 2. Eliminate health disparities. Healthy people 2020 - CORRECT ANSWER 4 overarching goals 1. Attain high quality long lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury and premature death. 2. Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, improve health of all groups. 3. Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all. 4. Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages. Ethnocentrism - CORRECT ANSWER Working with other health care providers that share the same culture. Racism - CORRECT ANSWER Devaluing of the beliefs, values, and customs. Empathy - CORRECT ANSWER The ability to view other persons situations from their perspective. The nurses role Advocate - CORRECT ANSWER The nurse strives to ensure that all persons receive high-quality, appropriate, safe, and cost-effective care. The nurses role Care manager - CORRECT ANSWER The nurses act as a care manager to prevent duplication of services, maintain quality and safety, and reduce costs. The nurses role Consultant - CORRECT ANSWER Nurses may provide knowledge about health promotion and disease prevention to individuals and groups as a consultant. The nurses role Deliverer of services - CORRECT ANSWER The core role of the nurse is the delivery of direct services such as health education, flu shots, and counseling in health promotion. The nurses role Educator - CORRECT ANSWER Teaching an individual components such as good nutrition, industrial and highway safety, immunization. It is not lack of knowledge but lack of application, nurses must know essential facts. The nurses role Healer - CORRECT ANSWER The role of the healer requires the nurses to help individuals integrate and balance he various parts of their lives. The ability to sense and identify what is important to that other person, and incorporate specific insight into a care plan. The nurses role researcher - CORRECT ANSWER Use research findings and the best evidence possible to make decisions. That outcome is termed evidence based practice. Quantitative studies - CORRECT ANSWER Describe situations, correlate different variable related to care, or test causal relationships between variables related to care. Qualitative studies - CORRECT ANSWER Describes phenomena or define the historical nature. cultural relevance, or philosophical basis or aspects or nursing care. Applied research - CORRECT ANSWER Is done to directly affect clinical practice, stressed to uses the best evidence available to answer clinical questions and explore the next best evidence when appropriate. Advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) - CORRECT ANSWER is the most independently functioning nurse. Has advanced education in pathophysiology, pharmacology, and physical assessment and certification and expertise in a specialized area. American Nurses Association (ANA) - CORRECT ANSWER Illustrates the consistent commitment of nurses and provide care that promotes the well-being of their patients and communities. The ANA defines the scope of practice and standards for nurses to make significant contributions that improve the health and well-being of all individuals, communities, and populations. roles; Certified nurse midwife (CNM) Certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA) Certified nurse practitioner (CNP) directly manage patients Clinical nurse specialist (CNS) expert clinician ANA standards of practice Nursing Process - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Assessment 2.Diagnosis 3.Outcomes identification 4. Planning 5. Implementation Coordination of care Health teaching and health promotion consultation Perspective authority and treatment 6. evaluation Professional responsibilities and roles - CORRECT ANSWER Autonomy-independent nursing without interventions. Caregiver-help maintain and regain health, manage disease, and symptoms. Advocate -patients human and legal rights Educate- Explain concepts about health and describe reasons for routine care activities, demonstrate procedures. Communicator-Effective communication is central to the nurse patient relationship. Helps you to know patients strength and weaknesses and needs. Manager- Establish an environment for collaborative patient-centered care to provide safe, quality care with positive patient outcomes. Code of ethics - CORRECT ANSWER Is the philosophy ideals of right and wrong that define the principles you will use to provide care to your patients. continuing education - CORRECT ANSWER helps nurses maintain current nursing skills, gain new knowledge and theory, and obtain new sills reflecting changes in health. Genomics - CORRECT ANSWER is the study of inheritance, or the traits are passed down from one generation to another. Genes care the instructions for making proteins, which in turn direct the activities of cells and functions of the body that influence traits such as hair and eye color. In-service education - CORRECT ANSWER programs are instruction or training provided by a health care agency or institution. is held to increase the knowledge, skills, and competencies of nurses and other health care professionals employed by the institution. International council of Nurses (ICN) - CORRECT ANSWER a federation of more than 130 national nurses associations. founded in 1899 and it was the first international organization for health care professionals. Goal to bring nurses organizations together world wide. Nurse administrator - CORRECT ANSWER manages patient care and the deliver of specific services within a health care agency. Professional organization - CORRECT ANSWER Deals with issues that concern to those practicing in the profession. Including education. Quality and safety education of Nurses (QSEN) - CORRECT ANSWER addresses the challenges to prepare nurses with the competencies needed to continuously improve the quality of care in the their work environment. patient centered care teamwork evidence based practice quality improvement safety informatics Registered nurse (RN) - CORRECT ANSWER completion of a associates or baccalaureate degree program. Graduates must pass the National council licensure examination for RN (NCLEX) illness prevention - CORRECT ANSWER activities such as immunization programs protect patients from actual or potential threats to health. risk factor - CORRECT ANSWER is any situation, habit, or other variable such as social, environmental, physiological, psychological, developmental, intellectual, or spiritual that increase the vulnerability of an individual or group to an illness or accident. examples: Generics Age Lifestyle Allopathic or biomedicine - CORRECT ANSWER conventional western medicine Alternative therapies - CORRECT ANSWER Sometimes include the same interventions as complementary therapies but they become the primary treatment. complementary therapies - CORRECT ANSWER Are therapies used in addition to or together with conventional treatments recommended by a person's health care provider. Examples music dance meditation massage Integrative health care - CORRECT ANSWER Emphasizes the importance of the relationship between practitioner and patient; focuses on the whole person; is informed by evidence; and makes use of appropriate therapeutic approaches, health care professionals and disciplines to achieve optimal health. Integrative nursing - CORRECT ANSWER A way of being-knowing-doing that advances the health and well-being of people, families, and communities through caring healing relationships. Relaxation Therapy relaxation response - CORRECT ANSWER Is the state of generalized decreased cognitive physiological/ and or behavior arousal. Also involves arousal reduction. Relaxes muscle fibers, and and neural impulses sent to the brain. Parasympathetic examples, low heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure. Relaxation therapy Progressive relaxation - CORRECT ANSWER training teaches an individual how to effectively rest and reduce tension in the body. Relaxation therapy Passive therapy - CORRECT ANSWER Still the mind and body intentionally without the need to tighten and relax any particular part body part. stress response - CORRECT ANSWER The stress response puts the body into a state of sympathetic function. Increased respiratory rate, blood pressure, and increased heart rate. Also includes dilated pupils and tensed muscles. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) - CORRECT ANSWER Type of system used in whole medical systems. Whole medical systems - CORRECT ANSWER Several therapies are always considered alternatives because they are based on completely different philosophies and life systems than those used by allopathic medicine. Examples (TCM) internal variables influencing health and health beliefs and practice. - CORRECT ANSWER developmental stage- a persons thought and behavior patterns throughout life. intellectual background- a persons beliefs about health are shaped by knowledge, lack of or incorrect information about body functions or illness. perception of functioning- the way people see their physical functioning affects health beliefs and practices. emotional factors spiritual factors Examples, self esteem external variables influencing health and beliefs and practice. - CORRECT ANSWER family practices psycho-social and socioeconomic factors cultural background Example, stress, home and environment, finances.