(Complete 380 Q&A) HESI PEDIATRICS 2023(HESI PEDS) II Versions with Complete Solution

Document Content and Description Below

Which action by the nurse is most helpful in communicating with a preschool-aged child? Speak clearly and directly to the child. Use a doll to play and communicate. Approach when a parent is not... present. Play a board game with the child. {{Ans:- Use a doll to play and communicate. Communicating through play with a doll (B) or other toy gives time for the child to feel comfortable with a stranger. (A) may frighten some children and is usually not as effective as (B). To provide security and comfort, preschool-aged children should be approached when a parent is present, not (C). (D) is too advanced for a preschooler. When assessing a child with asthma, the nurse should expect intercostal retractions during inspiration. coughing. apneic episodes. expiration. {{Ans:- inspiration. Intercostal retractions result from respiratory effort to draw air into restricted airways (A). The mother of a 2-year-old boy consults the nurse about her son's increased temper tantrums. The mother states, "Yesterday he threw a fit in the grocery store, and I did not know what to do. I was so embarrassed. What can I do if this occurs again?" Which recommendation is best for the nurse to provide this mother? Paddle him gently as soon as the behavior is initiated. Immediately put him in "time-out." Quietly remind him that others are watching him. Walk away from him and ignore the behavior. {{Ans:- Walk away from him and ignore the behavior. The best approach for a toddler is to ignore the attention-seeking behavior (D). The parent should be somewhat nearby, within view of the child but should avoid reinforcing the behavior in any way. Tantrums can sometimes be avoided by talking to the child before the situation occurs. (A, B, and C) would all provide attention for the inappropriate behavior. Which menu selection by a child with celiac disease indicates to the nurse that the child understands necessary dietary considerations? Oven-baked potato chips and cola. Peanut butter and banana sandwich. Oatmeal-raisin cookies and milk. Graham crackers and fruit juice. {{Ans:- Oven-baked potato chips and cola. Celiac disease causes an intolerance to the protein gluten found in oats, rye, wheat, and barley. The child should avoid any products containing these ingredients to avoid symptoms such as diarrhea. (A) is the selection which avoids all of these ingredients. (B, C, and D) contain gluten in one form or another. Which class of antiinfective drugs is contraindicated for use in children under 8 years of age? Aminoglycosides. Tetracyclines. Penicillins. Quinolones. {{Ans:- Tetracyclines. Tetracyclines (B) cause enamel hypoplasia and tooth discoloration in children under 8 years of age. (A, C, and D) are not contraindicated for use in children. A 3-year-old client with sickle cell anemia is admitted to the Emergency Department with abdominal pain. The nurse palpates an enlarged liver, an x-ray reveals an enlarged spleen, and a CBC reveals anemia. These findings indicate which type of crisis? Aplastic. Sequestration. Hyperhemolytic. Vaso-occlusive. {{Ans:- Sequestration. The findings support a sequestration crisis (B), where blood pools in the spleen, and is characterized by abdominal pain and anemia. (A and C) crises produce anemia but no abdominal pain or splenic enlargement. (D) crisis may produce abdominal pain, but no splenic enlargement or exacerbation of anemia. An 18-month-old is admitted to the hospital with possible Hirschsprung's disease. When obtaining a nursing history, the nurse asks about bowel habits. What description of the disease? Foul-smelling and fatty. Bile-colored and watery. Semi-solid and yellow. Ribbon-like and brown. {{Ans:- Ribbon-like and brown. Hirschsprung's disease is a mechanical obstruction caused by inadequate motility in a part of the intestines. The condition results from failure of ganglion cells to migrate craniocaudally along the GI tract during gestation. The lack of peristalsis in the affected bowel segment causes constipation and small diameter, brown-colored stools (D). (A) is associated with cystic fibrosis. (B) is common in gastroenteritis. (C) is normal in breastfed neonates. A 3-month-old infant develops oral thrush. Which pharmacologic agent should the nurse plan to administer for treatment of this disorder? Nystatin (Mycostatin). Nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin). Norfloxacin (Noroxin). Neomycin sulfate (Mycifradin). {{Ans:- Nystatin (Mycostatin). Nystatin (Mycostatin) (A) is an antifungal drug that is effective in treating thrush, an oral fungal infection. (B, C, and D) are not indicated for the treatment of oral thrush. The nurse is assessing a 13-year-old girl with suspected hyperthyroidism. Which question is most important for the nurse to ask her during the admission interview? Have you lost any weight in the last month? Are you experiencing any type of nervousness? When was the last time you took your synthroid? Are you having any problems with your vision? {{Ans:- Are you experiencing any type of nervousness? [Show More]

Last updated: 2 years ago

Preview 1 out of 102 pages