BKAT Study Guide latest updated (Graded A+)
What to do first if patient has chest pain. - Answer- Rest!
ECG changes in an acute MI - Answer- ST elevation in 2 or more contiguous leads. Ischemia d/t full thickness l
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BKAT Study Guide latest updated (Graded A+)
What to do first if patient has chest pain. - Answer- Rest!
ECG changes in an acute MI - Answer- ST elevation in 2 or more contiguous leads. Ischemia d/t full thickness loss of muscle. EMERGENCY.
Inferior leads - Answer- II, III, aVF. RCA occlusion.
Septal leads - Answer- V1 & V2.
Anterior leads - Answer- V1 - V4. LAD lesion.
Lateral leads - Answer- V5, V6, I, and aVL. Circumflex lesion.
Cardiac enzymes - Answer- Troponins, CK-MB, and CK
Changes in CK - Answer- Rise: 3-6 hours
Peak: 24 hours
Normal: 3-4 days
Changes in CK-MB - Answer- Released after myocardial necrosis. Specific for myocardial damage.
Rise: 3-12 hours
Peak: 24 hours
Normal: 2-3 days
Troponin I - Answer- Protein found in cardiac muscle. High sensitivity.
Rise: 3-12 hours
Peak: 24 hours
Normal: 5-10 days
Troponin T - Answer- Protein found in cardiac muscle. High sensitivity.
Rise: 3-12 hours
Peak: 12-48 hours
Normal: 5-14 days
Common conditions that cause a murmur - Answer- Aortic dissection, aortic regurgitation (both acute & chronic), mitral valve regurgitation (both acute & chronic), mitral valve stenosis
Drugs to decrease afterload/SVR/PVR - Answer- (Arterial Dilators) Nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, amrinone, alpha (Regitine) & Ca channel blockers
Drugs to increased afterload/SVR/PVR - Answer- (Vasopressors) Epinepherine, norepinepherine, dopamine, neosynephrine
Drugs to decrease contractility/SVI - Answer- Beta blockers (atenolol, metoprolol, propranolol, labetolol, esmolol) and Ca channel blockers
Drugs to increase contractility/SVI - Answer- Positive inotropes, dobutamine, dopamine, milrinone, and digoxin
Drugs to decrease preload/CVP/PAWP - Answer- Venous Dilators - Nitroglycerin, nitroprusside, amrinone, alpha & Ca channel blockers
Diuretics - Furosemide, bumex, mannitol
Drugs to increase preload/CVP/PAWP - Answer- Volume - Colloid, crystalloids, blood, hetastarch
Dysrhythmia control - antirhythmics, pacemaker, AICD
Complications when using thromboly
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