Interpreter Certification Exam Prep

Interpreter Certification Exam Prep Define working language - ✔✔Languages in which an interpreter is fluent and can use in his/her work Define source language - ✔✔Language that will be interpreted to a target language ...

Interpreter Certification Exam Prep Define working language - ✔✔Languages in which an interpreter is fluent and can use in his/her work Define source language - ✔✔Language that will be interpreted to a target language Define target language - ✔✔Language into which you interpret List the three stages of the encounter - ✔✔Pre-encounter, The encounter, Post encounter Identify seven steps of the encounter - ✔✔Preparation, Briefing (Optional), Professional introduction, Interpreting, Intervening, Debriefing (Optional), Analysis Identify four interpreting protocols - ✔✔Positioning (appropriate place to sit or stand to Promote direct communication), Professional introduction (Brief and clear), Direct speech ( speaking in first person), Turn taking (managing the flow) What is the goal of effective positioning? - ✔✔The goal is to promote direct communication between service provider and patient. Which guideline principle will help decide which position to take? - ✔✔The principle of role boundaries helps decide position. Write down the four elements of an interpreter's introduction that come after the interpreter states his or her name/organization? - ✔✔1) I will be interpreting everything that is said. 2) I will keep everything confidential. 3) Please speak to each other, not to me. 4) If I need to pause I will make this gesture. What are some exceptions to using first person/direct speech? - ✔✔1) Service user is a child, elderly or mentally disable person. 2) Interpreting for multiple parties. 3) When the content is horrific. 4) In emergency situations when summarizing is needed. 5) Intervening as interpreter What should you do if a provider keeps speaking in third person/indirect speech? - ✔✔1) Try to direct communication to patient . 2) Remind provider to speak to each other. Why do memory skills matter for interpreters? - ✔✔Memory skills allow the interpreter to interpret longer segments accurately, thereby supporting direct [uninterrupted] communication. What is chunking? - ✔✔Process of taking information and breaking it into parts. Organizing information into smaller meaningful wholes. List some message transfer skills for interpreters - ✔✔Anticipating, Multitasking, Message Analysis, Parroting, Paraphrasing Name the 3 modes of interpreting - ✔✔1) Consecutive interpreting (the most common in community interpreting) 2) Simultaneous interpreting 3) Sight translating List the steps for sight translation - ✔✔(Before) 1) Make sure the provider remains present 2) Assess the text for appropriateness through the CALL criteria (During) 1) Read the entire text 2) Identify challenges, such as unfamiliar terms, complex language, high register 3) Ask for clarification or consult dictionaries when needed 4) Render text from beginning to end 5) Do not stop-and-start, start over, simplify or change any parts of the text (After) 1) Self-assess the accuracy of your translation 2) Decide if you should continue to sight translate such texts Which documents are acceptable to sight translate? - ✔✔Documents that do not meet ANY of the CALL criteria What does CALL stand for? - ✔✔1) Complex - high register, long sentences, complicated syntax 2) Advanced - highly specialized or technical jargon 3) Legal - Anything that must be signed or is part of a legal process 4) Long - Exceeds 2 pages If you decide not to sight translate a document, what should you do instead? - ✔✔1) Refer the provider to language services to translation by experts. 2) Ask the provider for an explanation of the text and interpret that explanation. What is wrong with summarizing? Any exceptions? - ✔✔1) Summarizing gives the interpreter the power to edit communication rather than granting communicative autonomy to the speakers. 2) Exceptions include emergencies, crises, people with mental health issues, the elderly, small children, substance abuser, audio/video recordings that you can't pause, situations when speakers speak too quickly, or they can't or won't pause, or instances when switching to simultaneous interpreting doesn't work. How is note-taking for interpreters different from other kinds of note taking? - ✔✔Interpreter note-taking must be quick and efficient, so symbols are used to save time. The goal is the capture meaning rather than exact words. Interpreter notes are vertically oriented. Describe the Rozan note-taking method - ✔✔1) Noting the idea, rather than the words 2) The rules of abbreviations 3) Links 4) Negations 5) Emphasis 6) Verticality 7) Shift (using the space on the page to represent meaning) MODULE 1: - ✔✔ What is community interpreting - ✔✔Bidirectional interpreting in the communicative setting for access to community services for individuals who do not speak the language of service. Define medical interpreting - ✔✔Interpreting for patients, families and health care providers that facilitate access to healthcare services. Are medical interpreters community interpreter? - ✔✔YES! Along with education interpreters and social service interpreters, medical interpreters fall under the umbrella of community interpreters. What is the purpose of interpreting? - ✔✔The purpose of interpreting is to facilitate communication and access to services provided in a language other than that of the user. Interpreting fosters communicative autonomy. Describe communicative autonomy - ✔✔The capacity of each party in an encounter to be responsible for and in control of his/ her own communication Which area of community interpreting has become the most professionalized? - ✔✔Medical List the minimum requirements for a community or medical interpreter to practice as an interpreter - ✔✔18 years old or older, hold a high school diploma, demonstrate bilingualism and literacy (preferably by taking a language proficiency test), have a certificate for professional training in medical/ community interpreting of at least 40 hours. Which kind of organizations develop recognized certification programs for interpreters? - ✔✔Government and professional entities If you graduate successfully from a 40/hour interpreting program, are you certified? - ✔✔No, you would become a QUALIFIED interpreter but in order to become a certified interpreter you must pass the assessment. Name the organizations that provide national medical interpreter certification - ✔✔National Board for Certified Medical Interpreters, Certification Commission for Healthcare Interpreters Is there a national US certification for community interpreters? - ✔✔No, the State of Washington has a certification but there is no national certification for community interpreters What is a code of ethics? - ✔✔A set of principles or values that govern the conduct of members of a profession while they are engaged in the enactment of that profession Why do ethics matter? - ✔✔They offer clear guidance to navigate the most common ethical challenges and make decisions. Ethics promote trust and accountability between a professional service provider and the recipient of that service by laying down clear mandates for acceptable conduct. What are standards of practice? - ✔✔Set of formal guidelines that define what an interpreter does in the performance of his/ her role. They include the tasks and skills that an interpreter should be able to perform in the course of fulfilling the duties of the profession. List some differences between ethics and standards of practice - ✔✔Ethics: strict directive, rules and requirements that tell us WHAT to do, rigid, consequences for breaking ethics (lose job, certification, right to practice. Standards: looser directive, tell us HOW to do it, less rigid, little consequences for breaking standards When did NCIHC publish the National Code of Ethics for Interpreters in Health Care? - ✔✔2004 Name the nine principles in the NCIHC code of ethics - ✔✔1. Accuracy 2. Confidentiality 3. Impartiality 4. Respect 5. Cultural Awareness 6. Role Boundaries 7. Professionalism 8. Professional Development 9. Advocacy Do you really have to interpret everything that is stated? - ✔✔Yes, unless it is an emergency and summarizing is necessary. If you arrive and you know the person you're supposed to interpret for, what 3 steps should you take immediately? - ✔✔1.Notify both parties of the conflict, 2. Offer to withdraw 3. Selfexamine whether you can interpret effectively while following all ethical principles, 4.Stay only if all parties agree/ask that you do so. List the three steps in the SAY NO model - ✔✔1. Be gracious 2. Offer 2-3 options 3. Give reasons What is bias? - ✔✔A personal attitude or perspective that is not impartial and tends to favor one viewpoint or social group over another. Often Is unconscious. What is Project Implicit? - ✔✔A website run through Harvard University where a person can choose from many tests and check personal bias. Define intervening. - ✔✔Interrupting Define mediation. - ✔✔Any act or utterance of the interpreter that goes beyond interpreting and is intended to remove a barrier in communication. When should you mediate? - ✔✔Only if perceived any communication barrier or access to service barrier.Basic criteria: role confusion, linguistic challenges, cultural misunderstandings, service system barriers What is a mediation script? - ✔✔Written formulas that you can develop for common scenarios. Why should you have mediation scripts? - ✔✔To prevent nervous long and complicated mediations. It helps to be brief clear, feel confident and professional. What is a good guideline for mediation? - ✔✔When in doubt, stay out! Do interpreters need to report or interpret (for the other party) what they say when they intervene? - ✔✔Yes. Transparency also applies to what you say when you intervene. Why is transparency so important when you mediate? - ✔✔Transparency shows respect. What are the five steps for mediation? - ✔✔1. Interpret what was just said or signed. 2. Identify yourself as the interpreter. 3. Mediate briefly.4. Report your mediation to the other party. 5. Resume interpreting How would you handle a term you don't know if it comes up during a session? - ✔✔Following the five steps of mediation. (excuse me, as an interpreter I need clarification....) Why shouldn't you explain a cultural misunderstanding yourself? - ✔✔Could be wrong. Take away service user voice. Undermine service provider responsibility and role. Cause practical problems. What does it mean to identify or point out a cultural misunderstanding without explaining it? - ✔✔Instead of explaining a cultural misunderstanding, describe the basis for the misunderstanding in a brief clear way. MODULE 4 - ✔✔... What is professional identity? - ✔✔Identity as it relates to how one engages with other professionals as peers; with stakeholders; and with the profession itself. Why does professional identity matter? - ✔✔Professional identity is connected to your reputation as a community interpreter and the reputation of the field of community interpreting as a whole. In your own words, what is a language access law? - ✔✔Law that mandates organizations that receive federal funding ("recipients") to make reasonable steps to provide meaningful access to Limited English Proficiency (LEP) service users Name the most important language access law in the United States. - ✔✔Title IV, Civil Rights Act of 1964 List some elements in the professional interpreter's toolkit. - ✔✔Resume, portfolio of credentials, business cards, professional email, phone with voicemail, business form, website/social media presence Define legal interpreting. - ✔✔Interpreting related to legal processes and proceedings, including but not limited to lawyer-client representation, prosecutor-victim/witness interviews, and law enforcement communications. If you don't know whether an assignment is legal or community interpreting, what do you do? - ✔✔When in doubt, assume it's legal (and stay out)! If you decide to stay and perform legal interpreting, and you don't have training for it, how will you handle the situation? - ✔✔Disclose lack of knowledge immediately, offer alternatives, and follow code of ethics if you must interpret. What other specializations of community interpreting can you name? - ✔✔medical, educational, social services, faith-based, mental health, refugee What are some strategies for learning new terminology? - ✔✔Assess the service area, identify the parties, narrow your focus, activate and expand your terminology, refine your skills Define remote interpreting and name the two most important kinds of remote interpreting. - ✔✔Interpreting that involves at least one interpreter who is not physically present with other parties to the session and who is interpreting using a remote platform. Ex) OPI (over the phone interpreting), VRI (video remote interpreting) List some of the challenges of performing telephone interpreting compared to in-person (face-toface) interpreting. - ✔✔fatigue, mental workload, lack of support in problem-solving, physical and mental strain, lack of control, technical difficulties