Rasmussen CANS Exam 2

Rasmussen CANS Exam 2 Which of the following is an example of civil law? - ✔✔Child custody case The nurse practice act of a state defines the scope and responsibilities of nursing practice in that state. Which of the ...

Rasmussen CANS Exam 2 Which of the following is an example of civil law? - ✔✔Child custody case The nurse practice act of a state defines the scope and responsibilities of nursing practice in that state. Which of the following is true regarding nurse practice acts? - ✔✔They determine the educational requirements for licensure. Which of the following falls under the jurisdiction of the state board of nursing? - ✔✔Approving or reject applications for new nursing education programs The most common reason that nurses are disciplined by the state board of nursing is - ✔✔practicing while impaired What is the primary function of the National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN)? - ✔✔Developing the NCLEX-RN® and NCLEX-PN® licensing examinations Which of the following actions by the nurse constitutes professional malpractice? - ✔✔Placing the head of the bed flat when a patient is receiving a tube feeding, causing the patient to aspirate (inhale the feeding in the lung) The nurse forgets to give the patient a dose of antibiotic. Later in the shift, the patient goes into cardiac arrest and dies. What element is lacking to support malpractice? - ✔✔proximate cause Analysis of cases of reported negligence from 1995 to 2001 demonstrated that the majority of cases occurred in which patient care setting? - ✔✔acute care A competent resident in a long-term care facility refuses an ordered antidepressant medication. The nurse believes the patient needs the medication because he is clearly showing signs of depression and dissolves the medication in juice without telling the patient. This illustrates negligence by failure to - ✔✔communicate with the patient A nursing student got a thank-you card from a patient's family and had another student take a photo of the student with the family. The student asks the nursing instructor if it would be alright to post the photo on Facebook. Which response by the instructor is best? - ✔✔"No, posting pictures of patients and families on social media sites is not acceptable" The nurse giving medications to a pediatric patient notes that an order for a medication is considerably larger than the usual dose. She looks up the medication in a pharmacology book and finds she is correct about the dosage. Which action should the nurse take? - ✔✔Notifying the physician of her findings before giving the medication Which of the following nursing responsibilities can never be delegated? - ✔✔accountability The RN asked a nursing assistant to monitor several postoperative patients. Which of the following instructions to the nursing assistant demonstrate appropriate delegation? - ✔✔"Record the urine output, and report to me if they have not voided within 4 hours." The RN delegates changing a sterile dressing over a central line to a licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN). The LPN/LVN contaminated the site during the dressing change, and an infection developed in the patient. Which of the following statements is true? - ✔✔The RN is ultimately responsible for acts he or she delegates. Which of the following is a legitimate defense to a charge of assault and battery? - ✔✔informed consent In which of the following situations should the legality of an informed consent be questioned? - ✔✔Patient who received a preoperative dose of Demerol before giving consent Which of the following is a nursing responsibility regarding informed consent? - ✔✔Serving as a witness, ensuring that the patient does not feel coerced into a decision Which of the following actions is acceptable as an exception to a nurse's obligation regarding confidentiality? - ✔✔Reporting certain diseases to public health authority Which patient rights are guaranteed by HIPAA? - ✔✔Patients are protected against medical records being indiscriminately shared. A child is tested for genetic abnormalities. After the test results are delivered from the laboratory, a representative of the parents' medical insurance company calls the nurse's station and asks for the results of the tests. The nurse's best response to this request is to - ✔✔refuse to give the information The Patient Self-Determination Act of 1991, as implemented today, is known as providing - ✔✔advance directives Which of the following puts the nurse at increased risk for legal action? - ✔✔Not assessing a patient who is complaining of pain Which of the following chart entries represents a pitfall in documentation? - ✔✔Patient demanding and difficult to please The quality of nursing care is judged by whether nursing actions meet the standard of care. Which of the following is an example of meeting the standard of care? - ✔✔Demonstrating the use of the nursing process when charting Which of the following is an important step in preventing legal action against the nurse? - ✔✔Develop caring, therapeutic relationships with patients. The American Nurses Association (ANA) published a guide for state nurses associations seeking to revise their nurse practice acts. According the ANA, which of the following should be included in these revisions? (Select all that apply.) - ✔✔a. Differentiation between advanced and generalist nursing practice b. Authority for boards of nursing to oversee UAP d. Authority for boards of nursing to regulate prescription writing by advanced practice nurses e. Nurses' responsibility for delegating to LPN/LVNs The central question in any charge of malpractice is whether the prevailing standard of care was met. Which of the following are considered part of the standard of nursing care? (Select all that apply.) - ✔✔a. Basic prudent nursing care is a standard. d. Standards are based on the ethical principle of nonmaleficence. e. National standards of nursing practice are standards for all nurses. For a nursing malpractice action, essential characteristics of negligence must be present. Which of the following constitute these essential characteristics? (Select all that apply.) - ✔✔a. The nurse assumed the responsibility for the patients care. b. The nurse is found to have failed to meet the standard of care. c. The harm to the patient must be shown to have been caused by the failure to meet the standard of care. d. Harm to an individual has occurred. The nurse receives reports on the following patients at the beginning of the shift. Which of the following care activities could be delegated to a nursing assistant? (Select all that apply.) - ✔✔a. Ambulating a patient who had an emergency appendectomy 8 hours ago, has stable vital signs, and needs to ambulate for the second time b. Assisting a patient who was in an automobile accident and whose right arm and leg are in traction with bathing c. Feeding a patient recovering from a stroke resulting in difficulty holding a spoon d. Taking vital signs, including blood pressure, for a patient with newly diagnosed diabetes and a history of hypertension Systems Theory - ✔✔a change in one part of the system results in changes in other parts Acute illness - ✔✔ILLNESS IS A PERSONAL EXPERIENCE. Severe symptoms that are relatively short lived Chronic illness - ✔✔develops gradually, requires ongoing medical attention, and may continue for the duration of the individual's life Most expensive for health care in US Modeling - ✔✔Children learn by observing adults respond to illness Stoicism - ✔✔indifference to sensation. should not be confused with strength of character Five Attributes and Expectations of the Sick Role (Parsons, 1964) - ✔✔1. Is exempt from social responsibilities 2. Cannot be expected to care for himself or herself 3. Should want to get well 4. Should seek medical advice 5. Should cooperate with the medical experts Stages of acute illness - ✔✔1. disbelief or denial 2. Irritability and anger 3. Attempts to gain control 4. Depression and despair 5. Acceptance and participation Cultural competence - ✔✔It is having the attitudes, knowledge, and skills necessary for providing quality care to diverse populations Internal Influences on Illness Behavior - ✔✔Dependence/independence needs Coping ability Hardiness Learned resourcefulness Resilience Spirituality coping ability - ✔✔The strategies a person uses to assess and manage demands Resourcefulness - ✔✔the use of cognitive skills that one uses to adapt to the world around him, often in very creative ways Spirituality - ✔✔belief in a higher power, interconnectedness among living beings, and awareness of life's purpose and meaning External influences on Illness Behaviors - ✔✔past experiences and culture Culture - ✔✔a pattern of learned behavior and values that are reinforced through social interactions, shared by members of a particular group, and transmitted from one generation to the next. Ethnocentrism - ✔✔inclination to view one's own cultural group as the standard by which to judge the value of other cultural groups Nursing implication - ✔✔A nurse who identifies how personal beliefs and expectations can influence care is better able to recognize and deal with prejudices that may impede patient care. Stress - ✔✔the non-specific response of the body to any demand made on it External stressors - ✔✔heat, cold, noise, malfunctioning equipment, organizational rules and expectations Interpersonal stressor - ✔✔demands made by others and conflicts with others Internal stressor - ✔✔placing unrealistic expectations on oneself Impact of illness on patients - ✔✔guilt, anger, anxiety mild anxiety - ✔✔Increased alertness, increased ability to focus, improved concentration, expanded capacity for learning moderate anxiety - ✔✔able to concentrate on only one thing at a time. Increased body movement, rapid speech, and a subjective awareness of discomfort severe anxiety - ✔✔Thoughts are scattered. May not be able to communicate verbally and there is considerable discomfort accompanied by purposeless movements like hand wringing and pacing Panic level of anxiety - ✔✔completely disorganized and loses the ability to differentiate between reality and unreality. Barriers to learning - ✔✔anxiety, physiologic factors (visual & hearing deficits), culture and meaning of illness, lack of motivation and readiness, setting (private, comfortable, & free of distractions) What level is nursing managed at? - ✔✔State level 3 branches of government - ✔✔Executive (presidential), Legislative (Senate & House of Representatives), Judicial (Federal court & Supreme court) Common law - ✔✔Delusional, judge's rulings become law Statutory law - ✔✔Established through formal legislative processes Administrative Law - ✔✔Delegated authority to government agencies Civil law - ✔✔recognized and enforces the rights of individuals in disputes over legal rights or duties of individuals in relation to one another (person vs person) Another name for civil law - ✔✔torts Consequences of civil law - ✔✔financial Criminal law - ✔✔involves public concerns regarding an individual's unlawful behavior that threatens society (person vs law) Consequences of criminal law - ✔✔financial and incarceration Purpose of licensing - ✔✔protect public health, safety, and welfare Nursing Practice Act - ✔✔defines and controls nursing State Board of Nursing - ✔✔Regulatory bodies by which nursing practices acts are administered and enforced 1996 ANA Model Practice Act - ✔✔encourages consideration of the many issues inherent in a nursing practice act and the political realities of state legislature and regulatory processes. Executive branch of state board of nursing - ✔✔authority to administer the nursing practice act Legislative branch of state board of nursing - ✔✔Authority to adopt rules necessary to implement the act Judicial branch of state of board of nursing - ✔✔authority to deny, suspend, or revoke a license or to discipline a licensee or to deny an application for licensure Mandatory law - ✔✔requires any person who practices the occupation or profession to be licensed Permissive law - ✔✔protects and limits the use of the title granted in the law but does not prohibit persons from practicing the occupation/profession if they do not use the title Licensure by endorsement - ✔✔RNs may practice in different states without repeating the licensing examination Nurse licensure compact - ✔✔Nurses licensed in a compact state can practice in their own state and in any other compact state without applying for licensure by endorsement. Commission - ✔✔doing something that should not have been done Omission - ✔✔failing to do things that should have been done Plantiff - ✔✔person making the complaint Defendent - ✔✔the nurse or the hospital representing them (defending themselves) reasonably prudent person - ✔✔describes a nonexistent, hypothetical person who is put forward as the community ideal of what would be considered reasonable behavior Two requirements of malpractice action - ✔✔-has specialized knowledge and skills -causes the plaintiff's (patient's) injury through the practice of that specialized knowledge and skill 4 elements of a cause of action for negligence - ✔✔1. Nurse has assumed the duty of care. 2. Nurse breached the duty by failing standard of care. 3. This failure was the proximate cause of the injury. 4. The injury is proven. Captain of the Ship Doctrine - ✔✔implies that the physician is ultimately in charge of all patient care and thus should be responsible financially Major conditions of informed consent - ✔✔1. Consent must be voluntary 2. Consent must be given by an individual with capacity and competence to understand 3. Patient must be given enough information Assault - ✔✔threat or an attempt to make bodily contact with another person without the person's consent Battery - ✔✔the assault carried out; the impermissible, unprivileged touching of one person by another