Generalized seizure types (6) - Answer- -Tonic clonic (grand mal)
-Absence (petit mal)
-Clonic
-Myoclonic
-Tonic
-Atonic
Status epilepticus (2) - Answer- -Two or more seizures without full consciousness
between se
...
Generalized seizure types (6) - Answer- -Tonic clonic (grand mal)
-Absence (petit mal)
-Clonic
-Myoclonic
-Tonic
-Atonic
Status epilepticus (2) - Answer- -Two or more seizures without full consciousness
between seizure episodes
-Requires immediate treatment
Absence seizures - Answer- -Impaired consciousness for short period of time
-Typically seen in children 4 to 12
-EEG typically shows generalized 3 Hz waves
Focal seizure types (2) - Answer- -Simple partial
-Complex partial
Antiepileptic drugs mechanism of action (4) - Answer- -Reducing sodium and/or calcium
influx into brain cells
-Causes increase in inhibitory gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) activity
-Enhances influx of chloride
-Interferes with excitatory glutamate transmission
Antiepileptic agents that reduce efficacy of oral contraceptives (3) - Answer- -Phenytoin
-Phenobarbital
-Carbamazepine
Seizure medications and pregnancy - Answer- -None are safe
-Use only if benefit outweighs risk and patient realizes potential of birth defects
Phenytoin (Dilantin) (2) - Answer- -Highly plasma protein bound
-Serum levels 10 to 20 mcg/ml should be interpreted according to patient's serum
albumin level
Fosphenytoin (2) - Answer- -Prodrug that is converted to phenytoin
-Can be given IM
Hypersensitivity syndrome and phenytoin - Answer- -Can occur about 3 to 8 weeks after
starting therapy
Gabapentin (4) - Answer- -GABA analog
-Does not increase GABA brain levels
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