CAPP Biology Test 1

CAPP Biology Test 1 Why is it impossible for humans to digest food that contains cellulose? a - the acidic environment in the human stomach makes it impossible to break the bonds in cellulose b - human digestive enzy ...

CAPP Biology Test 1 Why is it impossible for humans to digest food that contains cellulose? a - the acidic environment in the human stomach makes it impossible to break the bonds in cellulose b - human digestive enzymes cannot break down the beta - 1,4 glycosidic linkage in cellulose, which requires a special enzyme that is absent in humans c - there is no energy available in fiber d - an inactive form of cellulase in the human digestive system tract renders it undigested and removes it as waste - ✔✔b - Human digestive enzymes cannot break down the beta - 1,4 glycosidic linkage in cellulose, which requires a special enzyme that is absent in humans Which category of lipid would be used to produce sex hormones like estradiol and testosterone fat in humans? a - wax b - steroid c - triglyceride d - phospholipid - ✔✔steroid Which category of liid would be used to store body fat in humans? a - wax b - steroid c - triglyceride d - phospholipid - ✔✔triglyceride Which category of lipid would be used to build plasma membranes in cells? a - wax b - steroid c - triglyceride d - phospholipid - ✔✔phospholipid What categories of amino acids would you expect to find on the surface of a water-soluble protein and which would you expect to find on the interior? a - positively charged and negatively charged on the surface and polar and nonpolar on the interior b - polar and nonpolar on the surface and positively charged and negatively charged on the interior c - polar and charged on the surface and nonpolar on the interior d - nonpolar and charged on the surface and polar on the interior - ✔✔polar and charged amino acids will be found on the interior Where is the linkage made that combines two amino acids in primary protein structure? a - between the R group of one amino acid and the R group of the second b - between the carboxyl group of one and the amino group of the other c - between the 6 carbon of both amino acids d - between the nitrogen atoms of the amino groups in the amino acids - ✔✔b - between the carboxyl group of one and the amino group of the other Which of the following would yield a positive result using a biuret test? a - all of the following options b - a solution of water and lysine amino acid monomers c - a solution of water, lysine amino acid monomers, and arginine amino acid monomers d - a solution of water and a water-soluble polypeptide - ✔✔d - a solution of water and a watersoluble polypeptide The alpha helix and the beta pleated sheet are part of which protein structure? a - the primary structure b - the secondary structure c - the tertiary structure d - the quaternary structure - ✔✔b - the secondary structure What type of protein facilitates or accelerates chemical reactions? a - membrane transport protein b - tRNA molecule c - an enzyme d - a hormone - ✔✔c - an enzyme What is a suggested and testable explanation for an event called? a - scientific method b - theory c - discovery d - hypothesis - ✔✔d - hypothesis What is the name for the formal process through which scientific research is checked for originality, significance, and quality before being accepted into scientific literature? a - peer review b - the scientific method c - publication d - public speaking - ✔✔a - peer review What happens to the pH of a solution when acids are added? a - stays the same b - increases c - decreases d - increases then decreases - ✔✔c - decreases Why do hydrogen and oxygen form polar covalent bonds within water molecules? a - oxygen is more electronegative, generating a partial negative charge near the oxygen atoms b - hydrogen is more eneg, partial neg near hydrogen c - oxygen is more eneg, partial pos near oxygen d - hydrogen is more eneg, partial positive near hydrogen - ✔✔a - a - oxygen is more electronegative, generating a partial negative charge near the oxygen atoms Which of the following statements is not true? a - water is the most abundant molecule in the earth's atmosphere b - water is essential for life c - water can stabilize the temperature of nearby air d - water is polar - ✔✔a - water is the most abundant molecule in the earth's atmosphere Which of the following statements is true? a - acids and bases cannot mix together b - acids, not bases, can change the pH of a solution c - acids and bases can neutralize each other d - acids donate hydroxide ions (OH-) bases donate hydrogen ions (h+) - ✔✔c - acids and bases can neutralize each other Surface tension of water is caused by a - neither adhesion nor cohesion b - both adhesion and cohesion c - only adhesion d - only cohesion - ✔✔d - only cohesion What chemicals serve to stabilize the pH of internal solutions in organisms? a - buffers b - salts c - acids d - bases - ✔✔a - buffers Which of the following would not require a dehydration synthesis reaction? a - adding fatty acid chains to a glycerol to form a triglyceride b - combining amino acids using peptide bonds c - adding nucleotides to DNA d - combining glucose and fructose into sucrose - ✔✔c - adding nucleotides to DNA A fat is represented by - ✔✔ A amino acid is represented by - ✔✔ A disaccharide is represented by - ✔✔ The nucleotide is represented by - ✔✔ In dehydration synthesis what molecule would be released as a result of the reaction depicted? a - water b - oxygen c - hydrogen d - hydroxyl - ✔✔a - water Energy is released as a result of which of the following types of chemical reactions? a - hydrolysis b - peptide bond formation c - triglyceride formation d - dehydration synthesis - ✔✔a - hydrolysis What is removed during the formation of nucleic acid polymers? a - phosphates b - amino acids c - carbon d - hydroxyl groups - ✔✔a - phosphates What hormones are made from cholesterol? a - estradiol and testosterone b - insulin and growth hormone c - progesterone and gluucagon d - prolactin and thyroid hormone - ✔✔a - estradiol and testosterone Which of the following characteristics is not true for unsaturated fats? a - they tend to dissolve in water easily b - their basic structure is a glycerol backbone with attached fatty acid chains c - they tend to be liquid at room temperature d - they contain at least one double bond within the fatty acid carbon chain - ✔✔a - they tend to dissolve in water easily