CPCE EXAM 8 Professional Orientation and Ethical Practice Q & A,100% CORRECT

CPCE EXAM 8 Professional Orientation and Ethical Practice Q & A ACA Code of Ethics 5 Values - CORRECT ANSWER Enhance human development, embrace diversity, promote social justice, safeguard integrity of the counselor ...

CPCE EXAM 8 Professional Orientation and Ethical Practice Q & A ACA Code of Ethics 5 Values - CORRECT ANSWER Enhance human development, embrace diversity, promote social justice, safeguard integrity of the counselor, practice counseling in an ethical/safe manner Autonomy - CORRECT ANSWER Client has a right to control his or her own life What year did the ACA create a new code of ethics that was different than anything in the past? - CORRECT ANSWER 2005 A preamble - CORRECT ANSWER The code of ethics includes this (sets the tone for the document and the purpose of the code), a mission statement, a contents, a glossary of terms, as well as an index Maleficence - CORRECT ANSWER The counselor never uses strategies/interventions or other behavior that could cause harm Beneficence - CORRECT ANSWER The counselor practices for the good of society as well as the client Justice - CORRECT ANSWER The idea that all clients are treated fairly and there is equality Fidelity - CORRECT ANSWER The counselor keeps promises Veracity - CORRECT ANSWER The helper is truthful (provides an accurate diagnosis) ACA has no power over - CORRECT ANSWER Counselors who are not members What type of clients are not a good fit for electronic counseling intervention - CORRECT ANSWER Chronic Suicidal Clients When should counselors give Tarasoff warnings? - CORRECT ANSWER In cases where serious and foreseeable harm is possible Tarasoff Warnings/Exceptions - CORRECT ANSWER Apply to a medical situation if your client has a contagious life-threatening disease which could harm somebody else Pro Bono (in the past) - CORRECT ANSWER Occurred when a counselor saw a client for free Pro Bono (new) - CORRECT ANSWER Includes behaviors like free lectures, offering a reduced fee, or providing post-trauma/disaster services When can a counselor engage in bartering? - CORRECT ANSWER If and only if the practice will not cause harm or exploitation Fee Splitting - CORRECT ANSWER Has been deemed unethical - Using a percentage of the fee for the use of an office - Charging a set office fee is ethical In terms of gift exchange between the counselor and the client - CORRECT ANSWER Should not happen, but if it does , it should not exceed $20 The new Code prohibits counselors from discriminating based on - CORRECT ANSWER Sexual Orientation or Gender Identity What two states do not support ACA's new code on major controversial issues? - CORRECT ANSWER Arizona and Mississippi A counselor CAN refer a client due to - CORRECT ANSWER Lack of knowledge Distance Counselors - CORRECT ANSWER Should have an informed consent statement describing technology failure issues, response time, risks, time zones, and emergency protocol Third Party - CORRECT ANSWER Computer-Support Staff Encryption - CORRECT ANSWER A procedure in which a message is encoded so only a designated or authorized person or persons have the ability to read or listen to it Websites - CORRECT ANSWER Should be accessible to individuals with disabilities and those who speak a different language Public Health Information (PHI) - CORRECT ANSWER Should be encrypted Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) - CORRECT ANSWER A client can request unencrypted PHI, but the counselor must explain the risks related to privacy and confidentiality A Virtual Relationship - CORRECT ANSWER Any relationship that is not face to face such as those cultivated using social media You cannot refer a client when he or she is - CORRECT ANSWER Terminally ill or considering a physician's assisted suicide How long must you wait before having a sexual or romantic relationship with a client? - CORRECT ANSWER Five Years Self Referral - CORRECT ANSWER When you are working for a school or counseling agency and you refer someone to your own private practice (do not do this) Interdisciplinary Team Approach - CORRECT ANSWER Rely on informed consent to educate the client regarding the composition of the team and their purpose Media Presentations MUST follow - CORRECT ANSWER The ACA Code of Ethics Violating the ethical principles does not necessarily mean you have - CORRECT ANSWER Broken the law - Legal liability can only be established by a court of law Who has the ultimate responsibility for ethical research? - CORRECT ANSWER The principal researcher Which group was most instrumental in opposing counselor licensure? - CORRECT ANSWER Psychologists Junior Psychiatrists - CORRECT ANSWER Psychologists did to counselors what psychiatrists had done to them Mental Health Coalitions - CORRECT ANSWER Psychiatrists, Psychologists, Counselors, Social Workers, and Related Specialists meet to discuss mutual professional concerns in 1970, what did the AACD begin to focus heavily on? - CORRECT ANSWER Professional Credentialing What did professional credentialing lead to the formation of? - CORRECT ANSWER NBCC How long does the National Certified Counselor certification last? - CORRECT ANSWER Five Years Certified Clinical Mental Health Counselor - CORRECT ANSWER A Speciality Certification The Council for the Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs - CORRECT ANSWER Certifies counselor programs rather individual counselors American Personnel and Guidance Association - CORRECT ANSWER Which later became the AACD and is not the ACA By passing the NCE, a counselor can attain _______, given via NBCC. - CORRECT ANSWER NCC, a generic certification for counselors What does the NCC credential constitute? - CORRECT ANSWER A generic certification Generic - CORRECT ANSWER Refers to all types of counselors What does the Acronym for National Certified School Counselor (NCSC) offer? - CORRECT ANSWER A speciality certification called the MAC You can only secure speciality certificates such as the CCMHC and NCSC AFTER - CORRECT ANSWER You secure the NCC Credential Just because you are certified does NOT mean - CORRECT ANSWER You can call yourself a licensed counselor National Certifications can - CORRECT ANSWER Be used on a National basis License Certifications are - CORRECT ANSWER Generally state specific (conferred by the individual state and not the federal government) What would most likely violate the counseling ethic or law terms "scope of practice" - CORRECT ANSWER A counselor who is conducting a strict Freudian psychoanalysis with the client Scope of Practice - CORRECT ANSWER Suggests that the counselors should only practice using techniques for which they have been trained What are most counselors NOT trained in? - CORRECT ANSWER Classical Analysis Who were ethical guidelines first created for? - CORRECT ANSWER The Helping Professionals in 1953 when the APA published their code of ethics Ethics ALWAYS describe - CORRECT ANSWER Standards of conduct imposed by ACA and NBCC Ethics - CORRECT ANSWER Standards of behavior set forth by organizations and certification bodies - Ethics are not state or federally mandated laws Ethics are NOT - CORRECT ANSWER Universal - meaning that ethics set forth by one organization mat not be identical to those spelled out by another organization Most ethical dilemmas are related to - CORRECT ANSWER Confidentiality Confidentiality Implies that - CORRECT ANSWER The counselor will not reveal anything about a client unless he or she is given specific authorization to do so Entrusted Secrets - CORRECT ANSWER Confidential Material - what goes on in the counseling relationship remains private and not shared rather than being public When does confidentiality end? - CORRECT ANSWER When someone is deceased you would attempt to uphold what the son would have wanted based on documentation Tarasoff v. the Board of Regents of the University of California illuminated - CORRECT ANSWER The duty to warn a client in imminent danger (failure to warn an intended victim) Impaired Professional - CORRECT ANSWER A helper who has personal issues that would hinder the quality of services rendered Defamation - CORRECT ANSWER When a counselor reveals information that is extremely damaging to a client's reputation Libel - CORRECT ANSWER When defamation is written Slander - CORRECT ANSWER When defamation is verbal remarks Counselors should avoid - CORRECT ANSWER Psychological jargon and only communicate with others regarding a client when it is necessary to avoid defamation allegations State laws CAN govern - CORRECT ANSWER Title usage and practice State laws CANNOT govern - CORRECT ANSWER Accreditation State laws regulate - CORRECT ANSWER Licensing of professionals, counselors, psychologists, and commitment procedures Accreditation - CORRECT ANSWER A process whereby an agency of school meets certain standards and qualifications set forth by an association or accrediting organization When is an exception to confidentiality okay? - CORRECT ANSWER When a client is suicidal Signs of Suicide - CORRECT ANSWER Repeatedly joking about killing one's self, Giving away prized possessions after one has been depressed for an extended period of time, A previous suicide attempt and a very detailed suicide plan for the future What is the 10th leading cause of death in the US? - CORRECT ANSWER Suicide In people ages 15-24 what is the 2nd or 3rd leading cause of death? - CORRECT ANSWER Suicide What accounts for more suicides than all other medications put together? - CORRECT ANSWER Firearms Where are suicides most likely to occur? - CORRECT ANSWER Rural areas that are not highly populated and in times of economic recession or depression What happens when a famous period commits suicide? - CORRECT ANSWER The national rate of suicide will show an increase When do most suicides occur? - CORRECT ANSWER In the spring - end of April or May What percentage of clients will give warning signs to suicide? - CORRECT ANSWER 75-80% What should a statement of disclosure (informed consent) include? - CORRECT ANSWER The counselor's qualifications, office hours, and billing policies / Emergency procedures and therapy techniques utilized / A statement that confidentiality is desirable, but cannot be guaranteed in a group setting What is not needed in a statement of disclosure (informed consent)? - CORRECT ANSWER A list of courses the counselor took in graduate school Privileged Communication - CORRECT ANSWER Implies that a therapeutic interaction (verbal or written) will not be available for public inspection Who is the holder of privileged communication? - CORRECT ANSWER The client - not the counselor or the court - can choose not to have confidential information revealed during a legal proceeding In regard to state law and privileged communication, counselors must be aware that - CORRECT ANSWER Laws are unclear and may vary from state to state When is privileged communication not applicable? - CORRECT ANSWER In cases of child abuse, neglect, or exploitation / Suicide or homicide threats / Criminal intentions / Clients in dire need of hospitalization / OR when a counselor is the victim of a malpractice lawsuit What group of people does privileged communication not apply to? - CORRECT ANSWER Minors (their legal guardians generally hold the privilege) What does it mean when privileged communication is qualified? - CORRECT ANSWER Exceptions may exist (based on licensure status rather than one's graduate degree or certification credentials) When does the client NOT have the privilege to say no in regards to privileged communication? - CORRECT ANSWER When the counselor is asked to testify What is the first thing you should do if you suspect child abuse? - CORRECT ANSWER Call the child abuse/neglect hotline Mandated Reporter - CORRECT ANSWER Means the counselor does not have a choice in the manner - if they suspect something - it must be reported - all counselors are this Perpetrators of sexual abuse are primarily - CORRECT ANSWER Males Perpetrators of physical abuse are generally - CORRECT ANSWER Females If a male adult who is married threatens suicide, the counselor should - CORRECT ANSWER Contact his wife and warn her of the suicide precautions If a female adult threatens to kill her husband, based on the Tarasoff case you should - CORRECT ANSWER Call the husband and warn him Minimal Disclosure - CORRECT ANSWER You reveal only what is necessary The Hedlund Case suggests that - CORRECT ANSWER Therapists should warn others (third parties) who may also be in danger When it is okay to release a client's test or assessment results? - CORRECT ANSWER When there is clear and imminent danger or when legally required to do so by a government agency or court order Aspirational Ethics - CORRECT ANSWER Means that a practitioner adheres to the highest possible ethical standards What sped up the process for counselor licensing - CORRECT ANSWER Psychology licensure bodies sought to restrict the practice of counselors so counselors could not receive third party payments from insurance and managed care companies Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP) - CORRECT ANSWER A standardized exam used by states and provinces as a criterion for licensure EPPP is to psychologists as the NCE is to - CORRECT ANSWER Counselors Individuals trained in counseling departments would NOT be allowed to - CORRECT ANSWER Sit for the EPPP and could not become licensed psychologists What does it mean to be a licensed counseling psychologist? - CORRECT ANSWER You have a graduate degree from a psychology department Psychology cans only be used if - CORRECT ANSWER The helper is a licensed psychologist, even if the person specializes in counseling What does CACREP stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER The Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs What is a problem with CACREP? - CORRECT ANSWER The number of programs sporting CACREP accreditation is still too low The largest number of CACREP programs is in - CORRECT ANSWER School Counseling - with Community Counseling not that far behind Gerontological Counseling - CORRECT ANSWER an area of counseling geared toward individuals 65 years or older (lacking at this time) One major difference between the psychology vs. the counseling movement seems to be that - CORRECT ANSWER The psychologists are working to eliminate practitioners with less than a doctorate, while the counselors are not Minimum level of education necessary for licensure - CORRECT ANSWER 45% think Mater's / 41% think Doctoral APA is to psychologists as ACA is to - CORRECT ANSWER Counselor NBCC can: - CORRECT ANSWER Remove your name from the list of NCCs in the U.S. / Revoke your NCC status / Note in their newspaper that your NCC status has been revoked NBCC canNOT - CORRECT ANSWER revoke your state counseling license (although they can contact your state licensing board) Certification is NOT - CORRECT ANSWER The same as licensing A certified reality therapist CANNOT - CORRECT ANSWER Legally use the title counselor UNLESS he or she is licensed by the state A certification is - CORRECT ANSWER Given to an individual via an organization which is not part of the state or federal government How is a counseling license granted? - CORRECT ANSWER By the state government Ethical Guidelines drafted via your state licensing board may - CORRECT ANSWER Be at odds with your national organization's standards (ACA, NASW) A counselor who is an alcoholic and suffering from burnout could best be described as - CORRECT ANSWER An impaired professional Imapired - CORRECT ANSWER A deterioration in the ability to function as a counselor Mesomorph Defintion - CORRECT ANSWER Derived from an old theory of personality proposed by Sheldon ; which suggested three basic temperaments based on one's physical build Mesomorph Types (3) - CORRECT ANSWER Muscular type: Assertive, Courageous, and Willing to take risks / Ectomorph: Characterized by a slender or frail build - thought be to be sensitive and inhibited / Endomorph: Or soft rotund individual was inclined to love good, comfort, and relaxation Paraprofessional - CORRECT ANSWER Used to describe a helper who does NOT possess the education and experience necessary to secure professional credentials Counselor Certification recognizes that - CORRECT ANSWER You have reached a given level of competence and thus are authorized to use a title What should you do if a client comes to with something that you have no experience or training in? - CORRECT ANSWER Refer them to a colleague who is trained and experienced with that type of client What was the first state to license counselors in 1976? - CORRECT ANSWER Virginia The APGA (later AACD and now ACA) division that was initially the most instrumental in pushing for licensing was the: - CORRECT ANSWER ACES - American Counselor Education and Supervision Why were the words personnel and guidance disliked? - CORRECT ANSWER These terms did not accurately depict the work of counselors What is the problem with income-sensitive or sliding fee scales (based on the client's ability to pay)? - CORRECT ANSWER It is difficult to administer them in a fair manner What is a negative aspect of counselor licensure? - CORRECT ANSWER Counselors may not be as creative during their graduate work and simply take courses aimed at fulfilling the requirements to take the licensing exam If a client wants his records send to a psychiatrist he is seeing, you should - CORRECT ANSWER First have the client sign a dated released of information form that stipulates whether the information can be released once and then you can send the information You may not record or observe counseling sessions without - CORRECT ANSWER The permission of the client Reciprocity or Endorsement - CORRECT ANSWER Permission to practice in the new state based on your current credentials without taking another exam According to FERPA (Buckley Amendment) - CORRECT ANSWER A parent can see his or her daughter's middle school record / an 18-year-old college student can view his or her own educational record You are a school counselor who wishes to refer a student with an orthopedic disability to a private therapist - what is the best referral - CORRECT ANSWER CRC What does CRC stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER Certified Rehabilitation Counselor A registry is - CORRECT ANSWER A list of licensed professionals in the state and a list of CRCs in the U.S. Abandonment - CORRECT ANSWER When a counselor closes their practice without telling their clients Which dual relationships in the counseling relationship are okay? - CORRECT ANSWER Attending a client's graduation or visiting a client in the hospital Dual Relationship - CORRECT ANSWER When a counselor has another significant relationship with the client that hinders objectivity (cousin of the helper - deemed unethical) What is it called if you find yourself sexually attracted to a client? - CORRECT ANSWER Countertransference (an indication of unresolved problems on the part of the helper) A malpractice or liability insurance company is least likely to defend you if - CORRECT ANSWER You are sexually involved with a client Computer-Managed Counseling (CMC) - CORRECT ANSWER When a computer helps mange your practice (bookkeeping, client scheduling, printing billing statements, and referral sources) Computer-Assisted Counseling (CAC) - CORRECT ANSWER A computer software program that attempts to counsel clients; having a counseling assistant do the counseling for you; controversial and most experts agree computers can never provide the compassion of a human doing counseling NBCCs code tells us that if you use clients you may NOT stipulate that - CORRECT ANSWER They must participate in order to receive counseling services If you have a client who is a minor and they threaten to blow up their parents garage - what should you do? - CORRECT ANSWER Warn the parents that their property is in danger Multiple Submission - CORRECT ANSWER A violation of ethics: Transpires when a journal article is submitted to more than one journal AT A TIME. What percentage of therapists that engage in sexual activity with their clients repeat the offense? - CORRECT ANSWER 80% Paradoxal Interventions - CORRECT ANSWER When a client is told to exaggerate a symptom - are contraindicated in cases with homicidal or suicidal clients Bartering - CORRECT ANSWER Occurs when a client exchanges a good or service for treatment or testing. Ethics state that a counselor should _________ all clients for group counseling - CORRECT ANSWER Screen as some clients are inappropriate for group work Consultation - CORRECT ANSWER A voluntary relationship between a professional helper and a help-needing individual, group, or social unit in which the consultant helps define or solve problems related to clients, the client system, or work-related issues Name the nosology systems utilized by professional counselors who diagnose clients? - CORRECT ANSWER DSM and ICD Who created the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)? - CORRECT ANSWER American Psychiatric Association (APA) Who created the Manual of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Injuries, and Causes of Death (ICD)? - CORRECT ANSWER The World Health Organization (WHO) A diagnosis does not mean - CORRECT ANSWER A cure Insurance payments are also called - CORRECT ANSWER Third-Party Payments Medical Model - CORRECT ANSWER Insurance companies ask for a diagnosis before paying for a service Traditionally, ____________ counseling has caused the most ethical concerns - CORRECT ANSWER Behavioral Behavior Therapists can - CORRECT ANSWER Control, Manipulate, and Shape Behavior Aversive Conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER Electrical Shocks, Drugs, or Paralysis to eliminate smoking, alcoholism, or gambling Copayment - CORRECT ANSWER When a client pays for a portion of the service How many digits are in Diagnostic Codes? - CORRECT ANSWER Four or Five Example of a DSM Code - CORRECT ANSWER 300.3 / 296.99 (the first digit can also be a letter) - the decimal point after the third digit Two Diagnoses can share a - CORRECT ANSWER Single Code If a client tells you they robbed a bank and shot someone (police are still investigating) you should - CORRECT ANSWER Keep it confidential - there is no indication that they are going to harm in the future All of the following conditions below are V code diagnoses except - CORRECT ANSWER Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder An elementary school counselor is giving a child a standardized test - if they do not understand you should - CORRECT ANSWER Repeat the question exactly, but talk more slowly Who proposed the most popular paradigm of mental health consultation - CORRECT ANSWER Caplan The doctor-patient consultation model relies on four distinct stages: entry, diagnosis, implementation, and evaluation - who is this most closely associated with? - CORRECT ANSWER Schein In malpractice cases, you are often - CORRECT ANSWER Judged by what your peers would do in the situation The first counselors in the U.S. were not called counselors - they were called - CORRECT ANSWER Deans and advisors employed after the Civil War in college settings to watch over young women Who set up the first psychology laboratory? - CORRECT ANSWER Wilhelm Wundt in 1879 in Leipzig, Germany Counseling become popular after the 1921 publication of - CORRECT ANSWER Workbook in Vocations by William Proctor, Glidden Ross Benefield, and Gilbert Wrenn The 1950s was the age of tramendous strides in - CORRECT ANSWER Behavior Modification What movement began in the late 1960s? - CORRECT ANSWER Group One of the primary problems of counseling in the early 1960s was that it wrongly emphasized - CORRECT ANSWER Intrapsychic Processes