NUR 2633 MATERNAL CHILD NEW EXAM 3 Study Guide.

What strategies/styles do children use to cope all ages? 0-3YR – Pacifier, Swaddling, Rocking, Eye contact, Music, Picture books 3-6 yr - Distraction kit, Deep breathing, Bubble blowing, Counting, Singing 6-11 yr - De ...

What strategies/styles do children use to cope all ages? 0-3YR – Pacifier, Swaddling, Rocking, Eye contact, Music, Picture books 3-6 yr - Distraction kit, Deep breathing, Bubble blowing, Counting, Singing 6-11 yr - Deep breathing, Hand squeezing, Riddles/trivia, Pretend games, Talking, Distraction kit 12 and up – Imagery, Tablet, Deep breathing, Hand squeezing, Talking, Jokes, Distraction kit What are the types of play all ages? Directed play- is guided by an adult including determining the goals. Non-directed play is controlled by child, but the adult selects the materials. Infant – Solitary Play -plays alone and stimulates sensorimotor thru imagination (blocks, books, soft toys, balls, tummy toys, finger/hand games) Toddler – Onlooker play – (watches others play but don’t participate) helps to transition from solitary to associative play thru sensorimotor/psychosocial Toddler - Parallel play – children play with the same items but do not yet play together (bright lights, imitative toys (broom, dishes), bubbles, catching fireflies, matching game, bean bag toss) Preschooler – Associative play – peer group is developed to the extent that children play together in a loosely organized manner. Learn how to share and play in small groups, learn simple rules to games, concepts language and social rules (board games, house, police person, hide and seek School Age – Cooperative play – rely on each other for game to continue and progress, designated roles, goals for games. Learn to bargain, cooperate, compromise, logical and reason to gain social skills (sports, school club, faith community activity etc) Adolescent – Cooperative play - rely on each other for game to continue and progress, designated roles, goals for games. Learn to bargain, cooperate, compromise, logical and reason to gain social skills (same as above, puzzles, computer games etc) What are the effects of cystic fibrosis on the various body systems? -Excess sodium chloride leaves the body (sweat), the loss of water and salt causes viscosity of mucus to build up disrupting ciliary system that clears airways thus, causing recurrent respiratory infections -Pancreatic ducts are often blocked by mucus preventing enzymes from breaking down food (protein and fats). Fat is excreted in the stool, resulting in abnormal bowel patterns (steatorrhea, diarrhea, abdominal pain) In newborns thick mucus can plug small intestine and lead to failure in passing meconium (first feces by n.b. normal greenish-black, odorless & tarry) -Ovarian duct and vas deferens may be occluded leading to fertility What are the symptoms of infant colic, irritable bowel syndrome, diverticulosis, appendicitis? Colic s/s- persistent, unexplained crying or fussing in infants younger than 3 months of age. Difficulty in being consoled, Excessive gas, Frequent demand of feeding though fussy while feeding, Pulling-up both legs and arms into a flexed position, Episodes that often occur during the late afternoon or evening, Episodes that usually occur at the same time each day Irritable bowel syndrome - Children with IBS have abdominal pain beginning with a change in stool frequency or consistency, flatus, bloating, constipation, diarrhea, or a combination of both constipation and diarrhea Appendicitis – abdominal pain (RLQ), flank pain, n/v, anorexia Diverticulosis – intermittent pain in LLQ, history of constipation, low grade fever, nausea What are contraindications to vaccine? What is herd immunity? Need to consider anaphylactic reaction. Have Benadryl or epinephrine in the room., reaction to immunizations are slim, suggest to parents to space out shots instead of refusing them all together, Varicella & MMR are live vaccines, DON’T give to those with compromised immune system. Nursing GOAL is to have up to date immunizations for all children based on their health status Immunity - the resistance to the spread of a contagious disease within a population that results if a sufficiently high proportion of individuals are immune to the disease, especially through vaccination What are important teaching points for children that are immunosuppressed Hand hygiene, prepare food adequately (cook fruits and veges) infection control, ensure slee & rest are adequate (will boost immune system) What are important teaching points for parents of children with asthma, diabetes etc pg 1078 Asthma – action plan - kids older than 6 use peak flow meter for personal best to ID what zone they are in (green, yellow, red) use w/out symptoms. Keep quick reliever on hand at all times, coordinate with school nurse on meds, know and Id triggers, be calm & reassure child when assisting child during an episode, create allergen free environment (wash blankets/dust mites), take meds on time, drink plenty of fluids daily, keep inhaler clean, proper use of inhaler, Diabetes – parents replace fluids in the young child or infant because we cannot rely on them to express their thirst or obtain a drink. What are considerations for communicating with children that are hearing impaired  Recognize behavioral cues suggestive of hearing loss.  • Obtain the child's attention before speaking.  • Face the child when talking.  • Position yourself at the child's eye level.  • Talk slowly and loudly.  • Modify the environment; unnecessary noises are reduced.  • Offer emotional support: A child with a hearing loss may face a potential stigma associated with the communication difficulty.