CCHT exam Q's 148 Questions with Verified Answers,100% CORRECT

CCHT exam Q's 148 Questions with Verified Answers AAMI Chemical Analysis of water used for hemodialysis is tested: annually monthly semi-annually quarterly - CORRECT ANSWER annually A 58-year old pati ...

CCHT exam Q's 148 Questions with Verified Answers AAMI Chemical Analysis of water used for hemodialysis is tested: annually monthly semi-annually quarterly - CORRECT ANSWER annually A 58-year old patient who is blind comes to treatment accompanied by his wife. Which of these approaches should the dialysis technician use when interacting with the patient? Avoid using phrases that refer to sight, such as "It looks like..." Describe the activities in the immediate environment Give instructions to his wife instead of him Touch the patient before speaking to him - CORRECT ANSWER Describe the activities in the immediate environment A dialysis technician observes a drop of blood on the surface of a patient's hemodialysis machine. Which of these actions should the dialysis technician take? Clean the machine surface at the end of treatment Clean the machine surface immediately Notify the equipment technician Notify the nurse - CORRECT ANSWER Clean the machine surface immediately A dialysis technician observes all of the below on the treatment floor, which one poses an environmental risk? About one ounce (30ml) fluid is on the floor A patient's family member is present during initiation of treatment Charts are lying on bedside tables The wheels of the hemodialysis machine are locked - CORRECT ANSWER About one ounce (30ml) fluid is on the floor A female dialysis technician has been caring for a male patient for several months. The patient tells the dialysis technician that he is lonely and depressed. He asks the dialysis technician to go out to dinner with him. In addition to politely declining the patient's invitation, which of these actions, if any, should the dialysis technician take? No further action is needed Recommend an over-the-counter mood stimulant, such as St. John's Wort Refer the patient to the social worker Share the patient's need for socialization with other patients - CORRECT ANSWER Refer the patient to the social worker A marker used to determine the middle molecule clearance of a dialyzer is: creatinine. nitrogen. urea. vitamin B12. - CORRECT ANSWER vitamin B12. A fistula connects: a vein to a vein. an artery and a vein to synthetic material. an artery to an artery. an artery to a vein. - CORRECT ANSWER an artery to a vein. A nephron is made up of: A glomerulus and a tubule system The bladder and the ureters The cortex and a capsule The loop of Henle and the capillary ball - CORRECT ANSWER A glomerulus and a tubule system A patient complains of pain at the venous needle site. The dialysis technician observes there is swelling distal to the venous needle site and that the venous pressure is rising. The dialysis technician should suspect: a pseudoaneurysm. an Infiltration. recirculation. stenosis. - CORRECT ANSWER an Infiltration. A patient who is to receive their first dialysis treatment is prone to? Crenation Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome First use syndrome Steal syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome A patient tells the technician that the dietitian reviewed high-potassium foods with her. During the conversation she states she routinely eats the following foods. Which one is highest in potassium? Bananas Ice Cream Pasta Rice - CORRECT ANSWER Bananas A slow pulse of 54 beats/minute would indicate the patient has: A normal rate An arrhythmia Bradycardia Tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER Bradycardia A teammate asks you to document the normal saline he just gave to Mr. Smith. You would: ask what time he gave it and document it with his signature ask what time he gave it and document it with his signature, as a late entry ask what time he gave it and document that you gave it never document something that someone else did - CORRECT ANSWER never document something that someone else did A true aneurysm can be dangerous because it: can result in hypertension. may cause the patient to have pain in the fingers. may cause the access to clot. may rupture and cause the patient to bleed profusely. - CORRECT ANSWER may rupture and cause the patient to bleed profusely. A patient's laboratory results indicate that the predialysis BUN level was lower than the post dialysis BUN level. When interpreting these findings the technician should seek the answer to which of these questions. Was the machine in bypass during the post sampling? Was the patient's heparin pump turned off when the post sample was drawn? Was the post dialysis sample drawn correctly? Was the port used for predialysis sampling cleaned with disinfectant? - CORRECT ANSWER Was the post dialysis sample drawn correctly? A rapid pulse of 104 beats/minute would indicate that the patient has: an arrhythmia atrial flutter bradycardia tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER tachycardia A patient's target weight is 154.0 lb (70 kg) and the patient's pre treatment weight is 158.4 lb (72 kg). For a four-hour treatment, how many mL/hour must the patient lose to reach dry weight? 250 500 750 1000 - CORRECT ANSWER 500 AAMI standard for conventional dialysate requires the total microbial count be less than: 100 CFU/mL 200 CFU/mL 300 CFU/mL 400 CFU/mL - CORRECT ANSWER 100 CFU/mL Abnormal levels of this electrolyte can cause cardiac arrhythmias and even death. Potassium Sodium Bicarbonate Chloride - CORRECT ANSWER Bicarbonate Asepsis is defined as: an access infection. a bloodstream infection. a reduction in the number of organisms. the absence of disease producing organisms. - CORRECT ANSWER the absence of disease producing organisms. During a hemodialysis treatment, a patient says to the technician, 'Three hours of time have passed according to the clock on the wall, but the machine shows that only 2.5 hours have passed. What could be the problem?' The technician should understand that the: machine requires immediate service. machine was in bypass for 30 minutes. patient has reached their target weight. patient's target weight has decreased. - CORRECT ANSWER machine was in bypass for 30 minutes. During hemodialysis a patient goes into cardiac arrest. The first action for the dialysis technician is: Apply a pericardial thump to the patient Call for assistance Return the patient's blood Stop ultrafiltration - CORRECT ANSWER Call for assistance During the hemodialysis treatment, a patient complains of feeling chilled. In addition to getting the patient a blanket, which of these actions should the technician take? Decrease the blood flow rate Increase the bicarbonate concentration in the dialysate Put the patient in Trendelenburg Take the patient's temperature - CORRECT ANSWER Take the patient's temperature One disadvantage of a fistula is an increase in: clotting. biocompatibility. infections. time to mature. - CORRECT ANSWER time to mature. Sam's TW is 70 kilograms (kg). He arrives for treatment today at a weight of 70 kg. He complains of shortness of breath and you notice his ankles are swollen. You notify the charge nurse. What do you think will be the plan for Sam's treatment today? The nurse will ask you to give Sam fluid during treatment The nurse will ask you to remove no fluid during treatment The nurse will get an order to decrease the TW The nurse will get an order to increase the TW - CORRECT ANSWER The nurse will get an order to decrease the TW The normal range of resting respirations in an adult is: 12 - 20 breaths per minute 20 - 30 breaths per minute 30 - 40 breaths per minute 40 - 50 breaths per minute - CORRECT ANSWER 12 - 20 breaths per minute The dextrose used in the Dialysate for peritoneal dialysis can cause: hyperclacemia hyperglycemia hypocalcemia hypoglycemia - CORRECT ANSWER hyperglycemia The leading cause of chronic kidney disease for adults in the United States: Diabetes Glomerulonephritis Hypertension Urinary obstruction - CORRECT ANSWER Diabetes The dialysis technician's role in patient education is to: Assess patient's barriers to learning Determine patient's level of readiness to learn Educate patients on all aspects of their care Reinforce educational information provided - CORRECT ANSWER Reinforce educational information provided The most important intervention to prevent the spread of infection is: Performing hand hygiene Disinfecting surfaces Immunizing patients and staff Using personal protective equipment - CORRECT ANSWER Performing hand hygiene The movement of fluid from the tissues toward a higher concentration of sodium in the blood is an example of: Diffusion. Filtration. Osmosis. Ultrafiltration. - CORRECT ANSWER Osmosis. A decrease in transmembrane pressure in a high flux dialyzer during hemodialysis is indicative of: Venous needle malposition Excessive ultrafiltration Clotting of the extracorporeal circuit Nothing- this is normal for high flux - CORRECT ANSWER Clotting of the extracorporeal circuit You have documented incorrectly on a patient's chart. How do you correct this? circle it, initial, write correct information above entry white out entry, write correct information, initial draw line through wrong entry, write error, initial/date entry circle wrong entry, writer error, initial/date entry - CORRECT ANSWER draw line through wrong entry, write error, initial/date entry Which of these technician activities contributes to data collection used to measure quality outcomes? Attending educational programs Ensuring accurate documentation Maintaining professional boundaries Participating in staff meetings - CORRECT ANSWER Ensuring accurate documentation Which of the following might indicate the need to increase heparin? Clotting in the extracorporeal circuit Prolonged bleeding post treatment The patient is having surgery tomorrow The patient is taking aspirin every day - CORRECT ANSWER Clotting in the extracorporeal circuit Which of the following might indicate a need to decrease the heparin dose? Clotting in the extracorporeal circuit The patient has an access infection The patient has a catheter with poor blood flow The patient just had surgery yesterday - CORRECT ANSWER The patient just had surgery yesterday Which of the following would cause a high venous pressure alarm? Blood flow rate is decreased Patient has pulled out the venous needle Patient just received a 200 ml normal saline bolus Venous needle is against the wall of the vessel - CORRECT ANSWER Venous needle is against the wall of the vessel Which organization establishes the standards and recommendations for dialyzer reprocessing? AAMI CDC CMS FDA - CORRECT ANSWER AAMI Which of the following is used to prevent air in the bloodlines? Allow the normal saline bag to run dry Maintain prescribed blood flow rates Monitor patient's blood pressure Tighten all connections - CORRECT ANSWER Tighten all connections Which of these types of vascular accesses has the fewest complications? A Scribner shunt A synthetic graft A subclavian catheter An arteriovenous fistula - CORRECT ANSWER An arteriovenous fistula Your patient is to receive 2000 units of heparin. The vial you are using is 1000u/ml heparin. How many mls will you draw up for this patient? 1.0 2.0 10 20 - CORRECT ANSWER 2.0 Which of the following symptoms would indicate a need to increase the target weight? Edema and hypertension Fever and chills Hypotension and cramping Shortness of breath and neck vein distension - CORRECT ANSWER Hypotension and cramping When cannulating, the tips of the needles should be at least: 1.0 inches apart. 0.5 inches apart. 2.0 inches apart. 1.5 inches apart. - CORRECT ANSWER 1.5 inches apart. Which learning domain is behavioral based? Affective Cognitive Motor Skill Psychomotor - CORRECT ANSWER Affective What is the most important activity that the dialysis technician can perform to prevent the spread of infectious disease in the dialysis clinic? Hand hygiene Wearing a mask Wearing gloves Wearing protective equipment - CORRECT ANSWER Hand hygiene Which of the following diffuses from the patient's blood during dialysis? bacteria fluid protein urea - CORRECT ANSWER urea Which of the following actions would increase diffusion during dialysis? decreasing the ultrafiltration rate giving more saline with treatment giving EPO to increase the hematocrit using a bath that will provide a greater concentration gradient - CORRECT ANSWER using a bath that will provide a greater concentration gradient Which of the following is the largest gauge? 18 gauge 20 gauge 25 gauge 27 gague - CORRECT ANSWER 18 gauge Which of the following is considered to be safe water for dialysis? city water dialysis quality water tap water well water - CORRECT ANSWER dialysis quality water Which of the following is NOT a possible cause of an increased temperature pre dialysis? The patient has a cold The patient has an access infection The patient has fluid overload The patient has the flu - CORRECT ANSWER The patient has fluid overload Which of the following is a cause of hypotension during and after dialysis treatments? Over the counter cold medicine Patient forgetting to take their blood pressure pills Removing too much fluid Uremia - CORRECT ANSWER Removing too much fluid Which of the following is NOT a symptom of uremia? Elevated hematocrit Decreased ability to concentrate Itching Lack of appetite - CORRECT ANSWER Elevated hematocrit When fluid replacement is necessary during the hemodialysis treatment, which of the following solutions is used? 0.45% normal saline 0.9% normal saline 5% dextrose in normal saline 5% dextrose in water - CORRECT ANSWER 0.9% normal saline Which food below is highest in phosphorus? Bananas Ice Cream Pasta Rice - CORRECT ANSWER Ice Cream Which of the following is the classic sign of hemolysis? Black blood in the arterial line Black blood in the venous line Clear looking blood in the arterial line Cranberry juice colored blood in the venous line - CORRECT ANSWER Cranberry juice colored blood in the venous line What is the desired outcome when the patient performs fistula exercises? Aneurysm formation Enlargement of the vein Increased blood flow to the hand Venous stenosis - CORRECT ANSWER Enlargement of the vein Which learning domain is knowledge based? Affective Cognitive Motor Skill Psychomotor - CORRECT ANSWER Cognitive What lab tests are used to monitor anemia in the ESKD patient? Albumin/Potassium BUN/KT/V Calcium/ Phosphorus Hemoglobin/Hematocrit - CORRECT ANSWER Hemoglobin/Hematocrit Which of the following is most likely to cause a high venous pressure alarm? Disconnection of the blood line High water pressure Kinking of the venous blood line Low water pressure - CORRECT ANSWER Kinking of the venous blood line Which component in dialysate is used to correct metabolic acidosis? Bicarbonate magnesium. potassium. sodium. - CORRECT ANSWER Bicarbonate Which of the following is the most accurate measure of dialysis adequacy? Creatinine Clearance Creatinine Generation Kt/V URR - CORRECT ANSWER Kt/V The substance that may be added to the municipal drinking water to make it clearer is: Alum Bleach Potassium Zinc - CORRECT ANSWER Alum The total pressure that exists across the dialyzer membrane is called: hydrostatic pressure. oncotic pressure. osmotic pressure. transmembrane pressure. - CORRECT ANSWER transmembrane pressure. The venous needle in an AV fistula Should be placed retrograde Should be placed in an aneurysm Should be placed antegrade Should be placed in anastomosis - CORRECT ANSWER Should be placed antegrade he part of the cell wall of bacteria that, when released, can cause fever in hemodialysis patients is: Endotoxin Nucleus Red blood cell Transferrin - CORRECT ANSWER Endotoxin The reprocessed dialyzer is carefully rinsed prior to patient use to remove: bacteria complement deposits residual blood residual germicide - CORRECT ANSWER residual germicide The water softener removes bicarbonate precipitate. calcium and magnesium. chlorine and chloramines. iron and other heavy metals. - CORRECT ANSWER calcium and magnesium. Waste products are removed during dialysis by which principle Diffusion. Filtration. Osmosis. Ultrafiltration. - CORRECT ANSWER Diffusion. Ultrafiltration is influenced by: concentration gradient dialysate temperature. transmembrane pressure. solute drag. - CORRECT ANSWER transmembrane pressure. To determine the patency of an arteriovenous vascular access, the dialysis technician should initially feel for the presence of: a bruit. a pulse. a thrill. edema. - CORRECT ANSWER a thrill. The usual heparin sodium concentration for anticoagulation during hemodialysis is: 1,000u/ml 5,000u/ml 10,000u/ml 15,000u/ml - CORRECT ANSWER 1,000u/ml What are the typical signs of fluid overload? edema and shortness of breath hypotension and cramping nausea and vomiting numbness and tingling - CORRECT ANSWER edema and shortness of breath The water softener is monitored at least once a week. is monitored by checking the water pH. operates on the principle of ion exchange. removes bacteria. - CORRECT ANSWER operates on the principle of ion exchange. Water moves across a membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration by which principle: Diffusion. Filtration. Osmosis. Ultrafiltration. - CORRECT ANSWER Osmosis. The purpose of using counter-current flow is to: decrease the amount of dialysate used. decrease the surface area of the membrane. increase the rate of fluid removal. increase the rate of waste removal. - CORRECT ANSWER increase the rate of waste removal. Total chlorine levels in the water are tested: at the end of the day and as needed. at the beginning and the end of the day. before each patient shift and every four hours. before first patient shift and as needed. - CORRECT ANSWER before each patient shift and every four hours. Total cell volume (TCV) is an indirect measure of the: Blood leak Contamination of the dialyzer Performance of the dialyzer Residual chemicals - CORRECT ANSWER Performance of the dialyzer The organization that sets the standards for dialysis water quality is called: AAMI JACHO KDOQI USRDS - CORRECT ANSWER AAMI The scale says a patient weights 70 kg. This is the same as weighing how many pounds (lb)? 125 144 154 168 - CORRECT ANSWER 154 The usual fluid allowance for a person with kidney failure is: 1.0 to 1.5 liters per day. 2.0 to 2.5 liters per day 3.0 to 3.5 liters per day. 4.0 to 4.5 liters per day. - CORRECT ANSWER 1.0 to 1.5 liters per day. Which statement is true about kidney transplantation? There is a shortage of available kidney donors. Transplantation is the best option for everyone. Mortality rate is high for transplanted patients. Transplantation is the only way to cure kidney failure. - CORRECT ANSWER There is a shortage of available kidney donors. Name the two compartments of the dialyzer: Conventional and high flux Convection and adsorption Blood and dialysate Venous and arterial - CORRECT ANSWER Blood and dialysate Dialysate conductivity measures: The total electrical charge of a solution The total level of alkalinity of a solution The total level of acidity of a solution The total percentage of solutes of a solution - CORRECT ANSWER The total electrical charge of a solution Dwell time' in peritoneal dialysis is defined as: The amount of time it takes to drain the peritoneal fluid The amount of time it takes dialysis to occur The amount of time the peritoneal fluid remains in the abdomen The amount of time it takes to fill the peritoneal cavity with fluid - CORRECT ANSWER The amount of time the peritoneal fluid remains in the abdomen How do you know if a patient can safely disconnect themselves in an emergency? Ask the patient and he/she will tell you Hand out a written quiz and see who passes Let the patient show you after a treatment Show the patient a video once a month - CORRECT ANSWER Let the patient show you after a treatment The medication used to improve calcium absorption is: Epogen Heparin Lidocaine Zemplar - CORRECT ANSWER Zemplar The most important member of the patient care team is the: dietitian nurse patient technician - CORRECT ANSWER patient The National standard, based on the KDOQI (Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative) guidelines, for the Urea Reduction Rate (URR) is a ratio greater than: 45% 55% 65% 75% - CORRECT ANSWER 65% The bruit in an AV fistula or graft is detected by: feeling (palpating) the access. listening with a stethoscope. taking a blood pressure. the dialysis machine pressure monitors. - CORRECT ANSWER listening with a stethoscope. The functional unit of the kidney, or the structure in the kidney that does the work, is the: Calyx Cortex Medulla Nephron - CORRECT ANSWER Nephron The organization that has as a goal to 'improve the care and outcomes of all individuals with kidney disease' is called: AAMI JACHO KDOQI USRDS - CORRECT ANSWER KDOQI The extracorporeal circuit consists of the: acid and the bicarbonate. blood lines and the dialyzer. machine and the water system. patient's arteries and veins. - CORRECT ANSWER blood lines and the dialyzer. The most important monitor in the dialysis setting is: conductivity pH staff venous alarm - CORRECT ANSWER staff The medication used to treat anemia is: Epogen Heparin Lidocaine Zemplar - CORRECT ANSWER Epogen Prior to cannulation a technician notices the skin over the patient's fistula is reddened and warm to touch. These symptoms are most likely due to: a hematoma an aneurysm an infection an infiltration - CORRECT ANSWER an infection Short frequent hemodialysis treatments in patients with high BUN (blood urea nitrogen) are performed to prevent: Cardiac arrhythmias Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome Excessive anticoagulation Rapid decrease in hematocrit - CORRECT ANSWER Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome The accuracy of lab results depends on adherence to proper lab draw technique. You must ensure that labs are drawn: Anytime during the treatment, using any tube, and from the venous port At the right time, right site, and right order Before the start of the treatment only Before treatment, after treatment, and after giving heparin - CORRECT ANSWER at the right time, right site, and right order Symptoms of hyperkalemia may include: hypertension. hypotension. numbness and tingling. ringing in the ears. - CORRECT ANSWER numbness and tingling. Solutions that have a higher osmolarity than body fluids are called? hypertonic hypotonic hypo-osmole isotonic - CORRECT ANSWER hypertonic One sign and symptom of fluid overload is: anemia. hyperparathyroidism. hypertension. skin turgor. - CORRECT ANSWER hypertension. Patient exposure to chloramines during the hemodialysis treatment may cause: bleeding hemolysis hyponatremia pyrogenic reaction - CORRECT ANSWER hemolysis Pain at the venous needle site, along with respiratory difficulty and chest pain could be an indicator of: Crenation First use syndrome Hyperkalemia Sterilant infusion - CORRECT ANSWER Sterilant infusion The air detector alarms during treatment. If the machine is working properly, the dialysis technician should expect which of these events to have occurred? Blood flow rate has been increased Blood pump has stopped Dialysate temperature has increased Dialyzer was bypassed - CORRECT ANSWER Blood pump has stopped One cause of aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms is: improper site preparation. needle infiltrations. poor rotation of sites. using tourniquets. - CORRECT ANSWER poor rotation of sites. Normal body pH is: 7.0 - 7.25. 7.25 - 7.35. 7.35 - 7.45. 7.45 - 7.55. - CORRECT ANSWER 7.35 - 7.45. One reason that normal saline is used to prime and perform recirculation for the extracorporeal circuit prior to treatment is to remove: Air Bacteria Carbon filings Residual chlorine - CORRECT ANSWER Air Ms. Foster complains of shortness of breath. While calling for the nurse the dialysis technician notices there is air in the extracorporeal circuit she/he should place Ms. Foster in: a supine position with legs elevated semi-fowlers position trendelenburg position on left side trendelenburg position on right side - CORRECT ANSWER trendelenburg position on left side Mrs. Smith arrives for dialysis treatment complaining of shortness of breath. Her pre-dialysis weight is 4.7 kilograms above the last post-treatment weight. The dialysis technician reweighed and verified the weight. Which of the actions should the dialysis technician take next? Advise patient to meet with the dietitian Immediately initiate treatment Instruct the patient to decrease fluid intake between treatments Notify the nurse of the need for an assessment - CORRECT ANSWER Notify the nurse of the need for an assessment Mrs. Pruitt's temperature is elevated post-hemodialysis treatment. Which of these actions should the dialysis technician take? Administer Tylenol Discharge the patient No action is needed Notify the nurse - CORRECT ANSWER Notify the nurse Mr. Roberts verbalizes how to hand crank his blood pump in the event of an emergency. This is an example of which adult principle? Affective Cognitive Motor Skill Psychomotor - CORRECT ANSWER Cognitive Mr. Jones suffers from constipation. He goes to the drug store to buy a laxative. Mr. Jones should avoid which medication? Colase Dulcolax Metamucil Milk of Magnesia - CORRECT ANSWER Milk of Magnesia Mr. Jones demonstrates how to wash his access. This is an example of which adult learning principle? Affection Cognitive Motor Skill Psychomotor - CORRECT ANSWER Psychomotor A medication that dialyzes off easily is: Digoxin Gentamycin Tobramycin Vitamin C - CORRECT ANSWER Digoxin Low albumin levels in the dialysis patient have been linked with: Decreased edema and infection rate Higher hospitalization and death rates Higher incidence of clotting in the vascular access Lower cholesterol and less heart diseas - CORRECT ANSWER Higher hospitalization and death rates Lidocaine is administered: Intradermally intrvenously subcutaneous transdermally - CORRECT ANSWER subcutaneous Infection control protocols for hemodialysis equipment should include which of these actions by the caregiver? Changing the machine between patients Culturing the ports of the machine after each patient Using gloves when touching the machine Wiping the machine with a bleach solution after an alarm sounds - CORRECT ANSWER Using gloves when touching the machine During dialyzer reprocessing, the blood compartment is tested to: Check dialyzer for membrane leaks. Check dialyzer for total cell volume Check dialyzer for Ultrafiltration rate Check dialyzer for presence of sterilant - CORRECT ANSWER Check dialyzer for total cell volume If the extracorporeal circuit clots and it must be discarded, it would be most important to monitor the patient's serum level of: Hemoglobin Potassium Sodium Urea - CORRECT ANSWER Hemoglobin If a patient develops an infection post transplant, the largest contributing factor would most likely be: immunosuppressive medication placement of the kidney close to the intestines poor patient hygiene surgical incisions - CORRECT ANSWER immunosuppressive medication Hyperkalemia can lead to: abdominal cramping. cardiac arrest constipation. excessive thirst. - CORRECT ANSWER cardiac arrest Hives, itching, tightness of the chest and respiratory distress may be signs and symptoms of: A pyrogen reaction. An air embolism. Anaphylaxis (severe allergic reaction). Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome. - CORRECT ANSWER Anaphylaxis (severe allergic reaction). Based on Mrs. Smith's total amount of fluid to be removed, what is the ultrafiltration rate per hour (mL/hr) for her 4-hour treatment? 1,220 mL/hr 1,385 mL/hr 1,440 mL/hr 1,500 mL/hr - CORRECT ANSWER 1,385 mL/hr Mrs. Smith's target weight is 62 kg. Her pretreatment weight when she came in for treatment on Monday was 67 kg. The priming saline amount is 240 mL, the rinseback amount is 200 mL, fluid from medications is 100 mL, and she is not allowed any fluids during treatment. What is the total amount of fluid weight to be removed during her treatment? 5,000 mL 5,230 mL 5,540 mL 5,820 mL - CORRECT ANSWER 5,540 mL A semipermeable membrane is a porous barrier that: Allows only certain sized particles to cross Prevents fungal contamination Can distinguish between particles Is biocompatible and hypoallergenic - CORRECT ANSWER Allows only certain sized particles to cross Germicide rebound occurs due to: Germicide bound to the casing Inadequate dialyzer priming Leaching from the potting compound Residual in the O ring - CORRECT ANSWER Inadequate dialyzer priming luid to be removed divided by the treatment time tells us: nothing. the conductivity and pH. the Kt/V and URR. the ultrafiltration rate. - CORRECT ANSWER the ultrafiltration rate. Fifteen minutes before the end of a hemodialysis treatment, a patient complains of dizziness and nausea. These symptoms are most likely due to: Hyperphosphatemia Hypertension Hypophosphatemia Hypotension - CORRECT ANSWER Hypotension Feed conductivity minus product conductivity divided by feed conductivity X 100 is the formula for calculating: percent rejection. total dissolved solids. percent resistivity. total chlorine. - CORRECT ANSWER percent rejection. Excess fluid is forced out of the blood and into the dialysate during dialysis by which principle? Diffusion. Filtration. Osmosis. Ultrafiltration. - CORRECT ANSWER Ultrafiltration. ESRD specific tests such as BUN, Creatinine, and URR are: good indicators for bone health. helpful in identifying infections or inflammation. indicators of adequate nutrition of the dialysis patient. indicators of the adequacy of the renal replacement therapy. - CORRECT ANSWER indicators of the adequacy of the renal replacement therapy. uring the set-up of a hemodialysis machine, the alarm test for conductivity fails. Which of these actions should the dialysis technician take? Change the manufacturer's default settings Clear the alarm and initiate treatment as prescribed Notify the equipment technician Re-bed the carbon tanks and postpone the treatment - CORRECT ANSWER Notify the equipment technician During predialysis data collection, it would be best for the technician to ask the patient which of these questions? Have you had any problems since your last dialysis treatment? How have you been since your last dialysis treatment? You haven't had any problems since your last treatment, have you? You've been feeling fine since your last treatment, haven't you? - CORRECT ANSWER How have you been since your last dialysis treatment? During hemodialysis, the air detector on Ms. Foster's machine alarms and foam is visible in the venous drip chamber. The immediate action of the dialysis technician should be to: Assess needle placement Clamp the venous line Mute the alarm Return the blood - CORRECT ANSWER Clamp the venous line Dialysate pH should be: Between 5.0 and 5.4 Between 6.0 and 6.4 Between 6.9 and 7.6 Between 8.0 and 8.4 - CORRECT ANSWER Between 6.9 and 7.6 During a hemodialysis treatment, a patient's venous needle infiltrates. Which of these actions should the dialysis technician take first? Apply ice to the area Draw blood for a hematocrit Insert another needle Stop the blood pump - CORRECT ANSWER Stop the blood pump Decreasing the patient's prescribed blood flow rate affects the rate of: Diffusion Filtation. Osmosis. Ultrafiltration. - CORRECT ANSWER Diffusion Biohazardous waste includes any material exposed to: bicarbonate blood heparin saline - CORRECT ANSWER blood During a hemodialysis treatment the technician responds to a low venous pressure alarm. The most likely cause for this alarm is: Clot in the venous drip chamber Disconnection of the blood line Kinking of the blood line Venous needle infiltration - CORRECT ANSWER Disconnection of the blood line Target weight is defined as the: difference between the last post weight and the pre weight for the present treatment. weight at which the patient has no edema or fluid in the lungs and BP is normal. weight the patient wants to be. weight that the patient was at the end of their last dialysis treatment. - CORRECT ANSWER weight at which the patient has no edema or fluid in the lungs and BP is normal. Dialysate that is too hot will cause: air embolism. hemolysis. hypertension. hypokalemia. - CORRECT ANSWER hemolysis. Before a hemodialysis treatment, the technician removes the cap from the fistula needle and accidentally touches the chair with the tip of the needle. Which of these actions should the technician take first? Continue to cannulate with the needle Discard the needle Place the needle in alcohol for five minutes Put on new PPE - CORRECT ANSWER Discard the needle All of the following may be signs and symptoms of an infected access EXCEPT : fever and swelling of the access numbness and tingling redness and warmth tenderness and drainage - CORRECT ANSWER numbness and tingling All of the following are phosphate binders EXCEPT : Renagel Phos-Lo Tums Vitamin B12 - CORRECT ANSWER Vitamin B12 Albumin is an important test that tells about the patients' __________ status. dequacy anemia bone health nutritional - CORRECT ANSWER nutritional The AAMI standard for endotoxin levels in conventional dialysate is: less than one (1) EU/mL. less than 0.50 EU/mL less than two (2) EU/mL less than 100 EU/mL. - CORRECT ANSWER less than 0.50 EU/mL Acceptable interdialytic weight gains are: 3 - 5% of TW. 6 - 7% of TW. 8 - 9% of TW. 10 - 11% of TW. - CORRECT ANSWER 3 - 5% of TW. A rise in transmembrane pressure in a low flux dialyzer during hemodialysis is indicative of: Arterial needle malposition Clotting of the extracorporeal circuit Excessive ultrafiltration Hypotension - CORRECT ANSWER Clotting of the extracorporeal circuit A mixed-bed DI tank contains Anions and sediment. Activated charcoal and anions. Cations and anions. Cations and minerals. - CORRECT ANSWER Cations and anions.