ARDMS Exam prep 56 Questions with Verified Answers,100% CORRECT

ARDMS Exam prep 56 Questions with Verified Answers What structures aid in stabilizing each AV valve from protruding into the atria? A. Chordae Tendinae B. Myocardial tendons C. Fibrous strands D. Papillary Mus ...

ARDMS Exam prep 56 Questions with Verified Answers What structures aid in stabilizing each AV valve from protruding into the atria? A. Chordae Tendinae B. Myocardial tendons C. Fibrous strands D. Papillary Muscles - CORRECT ANSWER A What portion of the ECG is best for diagnosis of myocardial ischemia or injury? A. QRS complex B. ST segment C. QT interval D. PR interval - CORRECT ANSWER B On the mitral valve inflow Doppler tracing of a patient with constrictive pericarditis, the E velocity will be: A. increased >25% upon inspiration and decreased with expiration B. decreased <25% upon expiration and increased with inspiration C. Increased <25% upon inspiration and decreased with expiration D. Decreased >25% upon inspiration and increased expiration - CORRECT ANSWER D An ausculatory finding in constrictive pericarditis may be: A. pericardial knock B. honking sound C. pericardial rub D. Carvallo's sign - CORRECT ANSWER A Right ventricular early diastolic collapse seen on M-mode echocardiography suggests: A. cardiac tamponade B. constrictive pericarditis C. pleural effusion D. pericarditis - CORRECT ANSWER A The most common cardiac valve tumor is: A. myxoma B. Lipoma C. Rhabdomyoma D. Fibroelastoma - CORRECT ANSWER D A high density, well defined spectral Doppler tracing of mitral regurgitation may indicate: A. LAE B. Late closure of MV C. Mild regurgitation D. severe regurgitation - CORRECT ANSWER D Patients with constrictive pericarditis typically go into heart failure due to: A. increased pulmonary pressures B. Diastolic dysfunction C. systolic dysfunction D. increased pericardial pressure - CORRECT ANSWER B What is the finding with Chagas disease, which helps to identify it as the cause of dilated cardiomyopathy? A. left ventricular apical aneurysm B. Mitral regurgitation C. Dilated left ventricle D. dilated right ventricle - CORRECT ANSWER A Maneuvers that mat decrease left ventricular volume and provoke mitral prolapse include: A. supine to standing position B. Valsalva maneuver C. Amyl Nitrate D. all the above - CORRECT ANSWER D Aortic stenosis has narrow pulse pressure. A. true B. false - CORRECT ANSWER A DeBakey Type I aortic dissection involves the: A. descending only B. ascending aorta C. Ascending and descending D. sinus of valsalva - CORRECT ANSWER C Endocardial cushion defects have a high incidence with: A. Down's Syndrome B. Fitz-hugh Curtis syndrome C. Marfan's Syndrome D. acromegaly - CORRECT ANSWER A This abnormality is a common prosthetic valve dysfunction in patients diagnosed with infective endocarditis: A. stenosis B. Ring Abscess C. pericardial effusion D. infarction - CORRECT ANSWER B A pericardial effusion is rarely seen behind this chamber: A. LA B. LV C. RV D. RA - CORRECT ANSWER A A tricuspid valve area of 1.5 cm² is suggestive of: A. severe tricuspid stenosis B. moderate TS C.moderate to severe TS D. Mild TS - CORRECT ANSWER A Severe aortic regurgitation is suggested when: A. the pressure half time of the AI is >600 msec B. Holodiastolic flow reversal is seen in the descending aorta C. the regurgitation spectral tracing has a box-like appearance D. Holodiastolic flow reversal is seen in the pulmonary artery - CORRECT ANSWER B A sinus of valsalva aneurysm most commonly ruptures into the: A. Right Ventricle B. Left atrium C. Right atrium D. left ventricle - CORRECT ANSWER A A cause for acute mitral regurgitation might be: A. mitral stenosis B. infective endocarditis C. aortic stenosis D. hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - CORRECT ANSWER B A ventricular septal defect seen on the PSAX view of the aorta between 1-3 o'clock is this type of VSD? A. trabecular B. Inlet C. membranous D. outlet - CORRECT ANSWER D A finding of holodiastolic flow reversal in the descending aorta may be a false positive finding of severe aortic regurgitation if the patient has: A. Ebstein's Anomaly B. an atrial septal defect C. A PDA D. A VSD - CORRECT ANSWER C Which of the following may demonstrate septal wall motion abnormality due to right ventricular volume overload and/or pressure overload? A. Mitral Stenosis B. Mitral Regurgitation C. Aortic Stenosis D. Aortic Regurgitation - CORRECT ANSWER A The combination of hypertrophy and RV dilation due to PHTN is associated with: A. pectus excavatum B. Cyanosis C. Cor pulmonale D. Cachexia - CORRECT ANSWER C What abnormality accompanies mitral valve prolapse in 50% of patients? A. Hypertension B. Aortic stenosis C. Dilated cardiomyopathy D. Tricuspid valve prolapse - CORRECT ANSWER D In severe cases of aortic stenosis the aortic root may: A. dilate B. decrease in size C. decrease echogenicity D. hypertrophy - CORRECT ANSWER A What cardiomyopathy is often associated with AIDS? A. Dilated B. hypertrophic C. infiltrative D. restrictive - CORRECT ANSWER A A mitral valve "E" velocity of greater than ________ may indicate severe MR. A. 0.8 m/s B. 1.0 m/s C. 1.2 m/s D. 0.6 m/s - CORRECT ANSWER C The spectral Doppler of the mitral valve inflow in patients with cardiac tamponade will display: A. a high E/A deceleration time B. a 25% decrease in the MV velocity with inspiration C. a 25% increase in the MV velocity with inspiration D. A high E/A ration - CORRECT ANSWER Which of the following is not a probable Doppler finding with a CDM? A. pulmonic stenosis B. Mitral regurgitation C. Tricuspid regurgitation D. pulmonic regurgitation - CORRECT ANSWER A The tricuspid regurgitation murmur may increase with inspiration. this is known as: A. Murphy's Sign B. Epstein's sign C. Derosier's Sign D. Carvallo's sign - CORRECT ANSWER D The most common risk factor for an aortic dissection is: A. Bicuspid valve B. Atherosclerosis C. Trauma D. Chronic HTN - CORRECT ANSWER D Which statement regarding infective endocarditis is incorrect: A. vegetations seen on valve leaflet will not ususally restrict motion B. Ruptured chordae tendinae may result from infection C. May demonstrate signs of congestive heart failure on chest x-ray D. vegetations usually found on ventricular side of the mitral and or tricuspid valves - CORRECT ANSWER D Gradual closure of the aortic valve suggesting decrease in cardiac output is often associated with this abnormality? A. infiltrative cardiomyopathy B. dilated cardiomyopathy C. restrictive cardiomyopathy D. hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy - CORRECT ANSWER B Which of the following is not a possible M-mode finding in patients with constrictive pericarditis? A. paradoxical septal motion B. enlarged LV C. pericardial thickening D. flattening of the mid-diastolic posterior wall motion - CORRECT ANSWER B An indicator on 2D echo suggesting an old myocardial infarction might be: A. thickening of the wall only with systole B. hypertrophy of the affected wall segment C. Hyperkinesis of the affected wall D. Thin, bright wall segment that appears hypokinetic or akinetic - CORRECT ANSWER D Mild systolic notching of the right ventricular outflow tract can be found with abnormality: A. Right heart failure B. pulmonary hypertension C. pulmonary stenosis D. right heart pressure overload - CORRECT ANSWER B A tear in the aortic intimal layer through which a collection of blood enter the aortic wall necrosis of the media layers best describes this type of aortic aneurysm: A. fusiform B. pseudo C. Dissection D. Saccular - CORRECT ANSWER C What happens to the pressure gradient in patients with aortic stenosis who have a decreased systolic function: A. increases B. stays same C. decreases - CORRECT ANSWER C The most common area for a sinus of Valsalva aneurysm is: A. left coronary cusp B. medial coronary cusp C. right coronary cusp D. non coronary cusp - CORRECT ANSWER C The most common color abnormality in a dilated cardiomyopathy is: A. MR B. AR C. PR D. TR - CORRECT ANSWER A A shunt from a patent ductus arteriosus will be noted from the: A. Aorta to IVC B. Aorta to SVC C. Aorta to the right pulmonary artery D. Aorta to the left pulmonary artery - CORRECT ANSWER C A peak pulmonic pressure gradient of 50 mmHg best describes: A. severe PS B. moderate PS C. no PS D. Mild PS - CORRECT ANSWER B Which of the following is not a finding with dilated cardiomyopathy? A. increased cardiac output B. decreased cardiac output C. elevated LV end-diastolic pressure D. Mitral regurgitation - CORRECT ANSWER A A papillary muscle rupture is most commonly seen in the posteromedial papillary muscle. The infarction that causes the rupture typically involves this wall: A. posterior B. anterior C. inferior D. lateral - CORRECT ANSWER C The most common cause of a sinus of valsalva aneurysm is: A. Marfan's syndrome B. Congenital C. trauma D. infective endocarditis - CORRECT ANSWER B To differentiate a mechanical valve from a prosthetic valve using color flow imaging, mechanical valves have multiple color jets where as Bioprosthetic valves have one color jet. A. True B. false - CORRECT ANSWER A The least common site for endocarditis is: A. aortic valve B. pulmonic valve C. Mitral valve D. Tricuspid valve - CORRECT ANSWER B Mild pulmonary hypertension is defined as: A. 30-40 mmHg B. 40-70 mmHg C. >70 mmHg D. 15-25 mmHg - CORRECT ANSWER A The most common cause of mitral stenosis is: A. myxomatous degeneration B. cleft mitral valve C. Rheumatic fever D. syphilis - CORRECT ANSWER C The higher the blood pressure the greater the cardiovascular risk. A. true B. false - CORRECT ANSWER A Commonly seen in patients with cardiac tamponade, a 10-20 mmHg drop in the arterial pressure during inspiration best describes: A. pulsus alternans B. pulsus biferens C. pulsus sinus D. pulsus paradoxus - CORRECT ANSWER D A mitral regurgitant jet area of >8 cm² indicates this degree of MR: A. moderate to severe B. severe C. mild D. moderate - CORRECT ANSWER B What is the most common type of ASD? A. sinus venosus B. ostium secundum C. coronary sinus D. ostium primum - CORRECT ANSWER B In diagnosis a biscuspid aortic valve, the diagnosis should be made during valve opening because this may mimic a third cusp during closure: A. Raphe B. non-coronary cusp C. Chiari network D. sinus of valsalva - CORRECT ANSWER A A common electrical abnormality seen in patients with a DCM is: A. heart blocks B. atrial tachycardia C. sinus bradycardia D. conduction defects - CORRECT ANSWER D What happens to the left ventricular walls when significant aortic stenosis is present: A. walls maintain normal thickness B. thinning of the walls C. walls show increased echogenicity D. thickening of the walls - CORRECT ANSWER D