INFANT/TODDLER [5 Questions]
(INFANT) Physical exam/assessment:
Measuring an infant
o Length supine (done up until 36 months)
o Fully extend body holding head midline
o Measure top of head to heels of feet (dorsi
...
INFANT/TODDLER [5 Questions]
(INFANT) Physical exam/assessment:
Measuring an infant
o Length supine (done up until 36 months)
o Fully extend body holding head midline
o Measure top of head to heels of feet (dorsi flexed position)
o Standing measurement is height
Obtaining a weight
o Use infant scale
o Balance scale before each weight
o Weigh nude
Obtaining head circumference
Smile and let baby touch equipment
Have parent hold baby during exam
Start from least intrusive to most intrusive (listen to heart & lungs before
anything else such as BP)
Tearless cry normal until 3 months old
Posterior fontanel closes by 2 months
o The younger the baby the WIDER the fontanel
o If not closing worried about microcephaly…brain needs room to grow
Anterior fontanel closes by 12 months
Teeth eruption 4 to 8 teeth by 1 year
Check ear alignment
o Worried about head shape, genetics
o Ears lower than normal could indicate possible Down Syndrome
Lower edge of liver sometimes felt
Legs appear bowed until lower back & leg muscles are well developed
o Haven’t developed the tone to straighten legs yet
Looking for uneven gluteal folds or Ortolani’s click/clunk
Feet may turn in or out OK if feet return to normal position
o If you can’t…club foot & needs casting
Blood-tinged vaginal mucous OK if newbornfrom utero or the mother
Foreskin not retractable until 1-2 years old
Nose breathers until 5 months old
o Don’t know how to open mouth to breathe
Plot height, weight, & head circumference on growth chart EVERY visit
BMI for those > 2 years old
Positive red reflex bilaterally
Denver IIdevelopmental screening tool
[Show More]