OCR AS LEVEL 2022 COMPUTER SCIENCE QUESTION PAPER H046-1 PAPER 1

1 Arnold has several computing devices around his home. Each device has an operating system installed. (a) Arnold has a PC which has a Basic Input Output System (BIOS). Describe what is meant by the term ‘BIOS’. .. ...

1 Arnold has several computing devices around his home. Each device has an operating system installed. (a) Arnold has a PC which has a Basic Input Output System (BIOS). Describe what is meant by the term ‘BIOS’. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................. [2] (b) Arnold has a router. It will receive data packets from other computers on Arnold’s network or the internet and then route them on to the next step. The scheduling algorithm Arnold’s router uses is First Come First Served. (i) State the name of one other scheduling algorithm. ........................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (ii) Explain why First Come First Served is a suitable scheduling algorithm for Arnold’s router. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] 3 © OCR 2022 Turn over (c) One role of an operating system is to manage the computer’s memory. Two types of memory management are paging and segmentation. Describe one difference between paging and segmentation. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................. [2] (d) Different computing devices in Arnold’s home use different processor architectures. One processor architecture is the Harvard architecture. (i) Describe the Harvard architecture. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] (ii) Arnold has a smart washing machine. Explain why the Harvard architecture is suitable for a device like this. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] 4 © OCR 2022 (e) Another role of an operating system is the Interrupt Service Handler. This allows processes being executed by the CPU to be interrupted. (i) One example of an interrupt would be removing an external hard disk drive from a computer. State why this would need to interrupt the current fetch-decode-execute cycle of the CPU. ........................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [1] (ii) Interrupt Service Handlers make use of a stack data structure. Describe how a stack is used when handling interrupts. ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... [2] 5 © OCR 2022 Turn over 2 Charlie owns a veterinary surgery in her local town. She has purchased a new computer for her business so she can complete her accounts, write letters to her customers and keep a record of her customers’ personal and appointment details. She intends to install application software and utility software. (a) Charlie will install database application software on her computer. State one additional type of application software Charlie could install and give an example of what she might use it for. ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................. [2] (b) Charlie’s computer has firewall utility software already installed. Explain two other pieces of utility software that Charlie should install on her computer. 1 ................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... 2 ................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... [4] 6 © OCR 2022 (c)* Charlie will use database management software to store customers’ personal and appointment details. Charlie is considering both open source and closed source database software. Compare the differences between open source software and closed source software and recommend which type of database software Charlie should use. You should refer to the following in your answer: • Cost • Usability • Extensibility • Security • Support available ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................