Health Care > EXAM > WGU C001 BIOCHEMISTRY STUDY GUIDE QUESTION AND ANSWERS NEW 2023-2024 (All)
WGU C001 BIOCHEMISTRY STUDY GUIDE QUESTION AND ANSWERS NEW 2023-2024
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Henderson-Hasselbach Equation - ANSWER pH = pKa + log ([A-] / [HA]) FMOC Chemical Synthesis - ANSWER Used in synthesis of a growing amino acid chain to a polystyrene bead. FMOC is used as a protect... ing group on the N-terminus. Salting Out (Purification) - ANSWER Changes soluble protein to solid precipitate. Protein precipitates when the charges on the protein match the charges in the solution. Size-Exclusion Chromatography - ANSWER Separates sample based on size with smaller molecules eluting later. Ion-Exchange Chromatography - ANSWER Separates sample based on charge. CM attracts +, DEAE attracts -. May have repulsion effect on like charges. Salt or acid used to remove stuck proteins. Hydrophobic/Reverse Phase Chromatography - ANSWER Beads are coated with a carbon chain. Hydrophobic proteins stick better. Elute with non-H-bonding solvent (acetonitrile). Affinity Chromatography - ANSWER Attach a ligand that binds a protein to a bead. Elute with harsh chemicals or similar ligand. SDS-PAGE - ANSWER Uses SDS. Gel is made from cross-linked polyacrylamide. Separates based off of mass with smaller molecules moving faster. Visualized with Coomassie blue. SDS - ANSWER Sodium dodecyl sulfate. Unfolds proteins and gives them uniform negative charge. Isoelectric Focusing - ANSWER Variation of gel electrophoresis where protein charge matters. Involves electrodes and pH gradient. Protein stops at their pI when neutral. FDNB (1-fluoro-2,3-dinitrobenzene) - ANSWER FDNB reacts with the N-terminus of the protein to produce a 2,4-dinitrophenol derivative that labels the first residue. Can repeat hydrolysis to determine sequential amino acids. DTT (dithiothreitol) - ANSWER Reduces disulfide bonds. Iodoacetate - ANSWER Adds carboxymethyl group on free -SH groups. Blocks disulfide bonding. Homologs - ANSWER Shares 25% identity with another gene Orthologs - ANSWER Similar genes in different organisms Paralogs - ANSWER Similar "paired" genes in the same organism Ramachandran Plot - ANSWER Shows favorable phi-psi angle combinations. 3 main "wells" for α-helices, ß-sheets, and left-handed α-helices. [Show More]
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