Nutrition Final Exam Straighterline (Fall 2023, Complete Solutions)

Nutrition Final Exam Straighterline (Fall 2023, Complete Solutions) The walls of the small intestine are folded, and within the folds are fingerlike projections called Villi A function of the large intestine is to absor ...

Nutrition Final Exam Straighterline (Fall 2023, Complete Solutions) The walls of the small intestine are folded, and within the folds are fingerlike projections called Villi A function of the large intestine is to absorb water and minerals The monosaccharides important in nutrition are fructose, glucose, and _______________. Galactose Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth with salivary amylase The most important long-term strategy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus is to lose body fat Before they can be absorbed, triglycerides must be broken down into monoglycerides and fatty acids. All of the following are sources of cholesterol except peanut butter The main problem with the fat replacer olestra is that it can bind the fat-soluble vitamins and reduce their absorption Which of the following is true about protein intake in the United States? About 70 percent of the protein we eat in the United States comes from animal products. If a person does not eat enough carbohydrate to supply the glucose the body needs, which of the following will happen? The liver will convert amino acids to glucose. All of the following are true of high-quality protein except it provides 7 kcal/g of energy. Bob is a 34-year-old male who weighs 150 pounds and is a long distance cycler. He is engaged in vigorous activity. Based on the MyPlate Calorie Guidelines, Bob needs approximately _______________ kcal/day. 3000 Orlistat (Xenical) is a medication approved by the FDA for weight loss that reduces fat digestion by inhibiting lipase enzyme action in the small intestine The calorie cost of the thermic effect of food is ___ of energy consumed. 5% to 10% Which of the following vitamins serves as an antioxidant in cell membranes? Vitamin E Megadoses are defined as vitamin intakes ________ times the estimated human needs to prevent a deficiency. 2 to 10 Formation and maintenance of collagen requires vitamin C Niacin is necessary to prevent the disease Pellagra Triathletes and marathoners may need up to ______ grams of carbohydrate per kilogram of weight per day to prevent chronic fatigue. 10 The use of sports drinks is critical for activities lasting 60 minutes or longer Bart is a wrestler. His weight is regularly higher than the weight class in which he would like to wrestle. What should he do? Gradually reduce food intake before wrestling season Which of the following statements does NOT describe the role of minerals in the body? They provide 4 kilocalories per gram Selenium plays a role in all of the following except regulation of fluid status Calcium absorption is increased by all of the following except old age A mineral that has antioxidant functions and has been suggested to reduce cancer risk is Selenium Which of the following populations is NOT at risk for low blood potassium? Vegetarians Which of the following conditions does NOT lead to the breakdown of plastic water bottles? All of these conditions break down plastic. (being left in a hot car, holding lemonade, cleaning in the dishwasher) For a healthy adult, the largest percentage of daily water output is attributed to Urine The two most significant extracellular ions are sodium and chloride A liter of perspiration lost by the body represents ____ kilocalories. 600 Symptoms of dehydration include all of the following EXCEPT slowed heart rate If a woman athlete is not menstruating regularly, she should do all of the following EXCEPT exercise more intensely Triathletes and marathoners may need up to ______ grams of carbohydrate per kilogram of weight per day to prevent chronic fatigue. 10 The conversion of glucose to lactic acid is called anaerobic glucose breakdown Athletes who consume adequate carbohydrates experience all of the following EXCEPT increased body fat Carbohydrate loading involves tapering the intensity of workouts while increasing carbohydrate intake for several days before a competition To promote gains in muscle mass, a strength-trained athlete could consume _____ within the first 1 or 2 hours after a weight-lifting workout. 2 cups of plain yogurt with 1 cup of fresh blueberries All of the following are good practices to keep well hydrated during endurance events EXCEPT taking salt tablets and drinking plenty of fluid before the workout Which of the following supplies energy for quick bursts of intense activity lasting up to 10 seconds?