CNRN EXAM RATIONALES 24 Questions with Verified Answers,100% CORRECT

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CNRN EXAM RATIONALES 24 Questions with Verified Answers Chiari malformation - CORRECT ANSWER Malformation of bones of base of skull cause cerebellar tonsils into foramen magnum. Sometimes syring... omyelia. HA, numbness hands feet, impaired motor in hands. Can misdiagnose as MS. spina bifida risk factors - CORRECT ANSWER Maternal obesity, diabetes, folic acid deficiency, hyperthermia in early pregnancy, some meds (Valproic Acid). Female, white/Hispanic. Spina Bifida maternal marker - CORRECT ANSWER Elevated alpha-Fetoprotein. Related to protein albumin. Associated with cancers in adults. Syringomyelia - CORRECT ANSWER Fluid filled cavity or cyst in SC. Spasticity, weakness, pain. Slow progressive accumulation of neurological deficits over many years. Surgery can halt but not reverse deficits. MRI to differentiate between MS. Frontotemporal Dementia symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER Aphasia and personality changes Cholinesterase inhibitors - CORRECT ANSWER Delay worsening symptoms of Alzheimer's. Don't take with Huperzine A. How to instruct patients with alzheimers - CORRECT ANSWER Provide both verbal and nonverbal cues. No written. Stage 3 Alzheimer's can cause - CORRECT ANSWER Seizures Normal pressure hydrocephalus s&s - CORRECT ANSWER Impaired memory, broad-based magnetic gait and incontinence. Enlarged ventricles. A VPS shunt is needed. Dementia with stepwise increase in severity =? - CORRECT ANSWER Multiple silent cerebral infarcts Pseudotumor cerebri greatest risk factor - CORRECT ANSWER Increase in intracranial pressure for no obvious reason. Obesity is greatest risk factor Pseudotumor cerebri complication - CORRECT ANSWER Visual loss bc build up of pressure in optic nerve sheath. Surgical densest ration of sheath may be needed to preserve eyesight. Levodopa crosses BBB for Parkinson's - CORRECT ANSWER Depletion in dopamine is solved. Levodopa can cause psychosis, anorexia, n/V. Role of carbidopa in parkinson's treatment? - CORRECT ANSWER To inhibit the enzyme dopa decarboxylase. Prevents levodopa from being converted to dopamine. Diet for Parkinson's disease - CORRECT ANSWER Will need to be ground coarsely and supervised feeds bc aspiration risk and have a hard time handling secretions. Protein needs to be separated from carbidopa- levodopa! Decreases effectiveness. Before DBS placement for Parkinson's, how do you handle meds? - CORRECT ANSWER Discontinue the night before. To avoid medication induced dyskinesia. GCS Scale: Mild Injury score - CORRECT ANSWER 13-15 GCS Scale: Moderate Injury score - CORRECT ANSWER 9-12 GCS Scale: Severe Brain Injury score - CORRECT ANSWER <8 What Is: Primary TBI - CORRECT ANSWER An insult caused directly by contact to the head and brain at the time of injury What Is: Secondary TBI - CORRECT ANSWER Primary injury induces damaging secondary events including intracranial hemorrhage, cerebral edema, and increased ICP. Fill in blank: "Blunt trauma patients with high ______ or low ______ are more likely to sustain hypoxia and ischemia, which can lead to ____." - CORRECT ANSWER "Blunt trauma patients with high *ICP* or low *BP* are more likely to sustain hypoxia and ischemia, which can lead to *coma*." Secondary TBI injuries generally develop how many hours after injury? - CORRECT ANSWER 4 or more hours. Fill in blank: "Traumatic cerebral injuries are classified as _____, _____, or ______ (depending on mode and extent of damage)." - CORRECT ANSWER "Traumatic cerebral injuries are classified as _____, _____, or ______ (depending on mode and extent of damage)." [Show More]

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