CLEP Human Growth & Development Exam Infancy - ANS-Birth to 18 months (0-1) Trust vs Mistrust Important event: Feeding Infant wants sense of security in the world. Develop a sense of trust when ca ... regivers provide reliability, care, and affection. Success -> optimism and hopefulness about life Early Childhood - ANS-(1-3) Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt Important event: Toilet training Children need to develop a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of independence. Success -> feelings of autonomy Preschool - ANS-(3-6) Initiative vs Guilt Important event: Exploration Children need to begin asserting control and power over the environment. They desire a sense of independence and self-expression, related to early school experience and time with new people away from family. Success -> a sense of purpose, confidence, willingness to try new things School Age - ANS-(6-12) Industry vs Inferiority Important event: School Children need to cope with new social and academic demands. They want a sense of competence and realism about abilities, related to school subjects, peer relationships, and interactions with teachers. Success -> self-worth, self-esteem, self-motivation Adolescence - ANS-(12-18) Identity vs Role Confusion Important event: Social Relationships Teens need to develop a sense of self, sexual orientation, and personal identity. Related to development of sex organs and urges, social issues, cognitive changes. Success -> stay true to yourself, "who I am" Young Adulthood - ANS-(19-40) Intimacy vs Isolation Important event: Relationships Young adults need to form close, loving relationships with other people. Success -> strong relationships, ability to love and commit Middle Adulthood - ANS-(40-65) Generativity vs Stagnation Important event: Work and Parenthood Adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them, often by having children or creating a positive change that benefits other people. Success -> usefulness and accomplishment, purpose and generosity Maturity - ANS-(65 to death) Ego Integrity vs Despair Important event: Reflection on Life Older adults need to look back on life and feel a sense of fulfillment, satisfaction and resolution with past. Accept decline of cognitive processing skills. [Show More]
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