Mood Disorder Exam Practice Questions & Answers

Mood Disorder Exam Practice Questions & Answers-1. Which nursing diagnosis supports the psychoanalytic theory of development of major depressive disorder? 1. Social isolation R/ T self-directed anger. 2. Low self-estee ...

Mood Disorder Exam Practice Questions & Answers-1. Which nursing diagnosis supports the psychoanalytic theory of development of major depressive disorder? 1. Social isolation R/ T self-directed anger. 2. Low self-esteem R/ T learned helplessness. 3. Risk for suicide R/ T neurochemical imbalances. 4. Imbalanced nutrition less than body requirements R/ T weakness. - 1. Social isolation R/T self-directed anger supports the psychoanalytic theory in the development of major depressive disorder (MDD). Freud defines melancholia as a profoundly painful dejection and cessation of interest in the outside world, which culminates in a delusional expectation of punishment. He observed that melancholia occurs after the loss of a love object. Freud postulated that when the loss has been incorporated into the self (ego), the hostile part of the ambivalence that has been felt for the lost object is turned inward toward the ego. Another way to state this concept is that the client turns anger toward self. 2. Which client statement is evidence of the etiology of major depressive disorder from a genetic perspective? 1. "My maternal grandmother was diagnosed with bipolar affective disorder." 2. "My mood is a 7 out of 10, and I won't harm myself or others." 3. "I am so angry that my father left our family when I was 6." 4. "I just can't do anything right. I am worthless." - 1. A family history of mood disorder indicates a genetic predisposition to the development of major depressive disorder. Twin, family, and adoptive studies further support a genetic link as an etiological influence in the development of mood disorders 3. During an intake assessment, which client statement is evidence of the etiology of major depressive disorder from an object-loss theory perspective? 1. "I am so angry all the time and seem to take it out on myself." 2. "My grandmother and great-grandfather also had depression." 3. "I just don't think my life is ever going to get better. I can't do anything right." 4. "I don't know about my biological family; I was in foster care as an infant." - 4. Object-loss theorists suggest that depressive illness occurs as a result of being abandoned by or otherwise separated from a significant other during the first 6 months of life. The client in the question experienced parental abandonment, and according to object loss theory, this loss has led to the diagnosis of MDD 4. Which statement about the development of bipolar disorder is from a biochemical perspective? 1. Family studies have shown that if one parent is diagnosed with bipolar disorder, the risk that a child will have the disorder is around 28%. 2. In bipolar disorder, there may be possible alterations in normal electrolyte transfer across cell membranes, resulting in elevated levels of intracellular calcium and sodium. 3. Magnetic resonance imaging studies have revealed enlarged third ventricles, subcortical white matter, and periventricular hyperintensity in individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder. 4. Twin studies have indicated a concordance rate among monozygotic twins of 60% to 80% - 2. Alterations in normal electrolyte transfer across cell membranes, resulting in elevated levels of intracellular calcium and sodium, is an example of a biochemical perspective in the development of bipolar disorder. 5. Which statement describes a major difference between a client diagnosed with major depressive disorder and a client diagnosed with dysthymic disorder? 1. A client diagnosed with dysthymic disorder is at higher risk for suicide. 2. A client diagnosed with dysthymic disorder may experience psychotic features. 3. A client diagnosed with dysthymic disorder experiences excessive guilt. 4. A client diagnosed with dysthymic disorder has symptoms for at least 2 years. - 4. An individual suspected to have dysthymic disorder needs to experience symptoms for at least 2 years before a diagnosis can be made. The essential feature is a chronically depressed mood (or possibly an irritable mood in children and adolescents) for most of the day, more days than not, for at least 2 years (1 year for children and adolescents). Clients with a diagnosis of MDD show impaired social and occupational functioning that has existed for at least 2 weeks. 6. A client expresses frustration and hostility toward the nursing staff regarding the lack of care his or her recently deceased parent received. According to Kubler-Ross, which stage of grief is this client experiencing? 1. Anger. 2. Disequilibrium. 3. Developing awareness. 4. Bargaining. - 1. The client in the question is exhibiting anger surrounding the death of a parent. Kubler-Ross describes anger as the second stage in the normal grief response. This stage occurs when clients experience the reality of the situation. Feelings associated with this stage include sadness, guilt, shame, helplessness, and hopelessness