The most common cause of hepatitis acquired from blood products is:
A. Hepatitis –A virus B. Hepatitis-B virus
C. Adenovirus D. Hepatitis-C virus
E. None of the above
2. Concerning the emergency administration of unc
...
The most common cause of hepatitis acquired from blood products is:
A. Hepatitis –A virus B. Hepatitis-B virus
C. Adenovirus D. Hepatitis-C virus
E. None of the above
2. Concerning the emergency administration of uncross matched blood: A. Type-specific blood is preferable to O Rh-negative(universal donor) blood
B. O Rh-negative blood is preferable to type-specific, particularly cross matched blood
C. Hemolytic reactions following administration of O Rh-negative blood are often fatal
D. The chance of having antibodies to type-specific blood is similar both patients who have been previously exposed to foreign red cells and for those who have not
E. All of the above
3. Concerning neonates during surgical procedures:
A. Hypothermia (less than 35˚C) is associated with apnea
B. Elective surgery can be carried out in the first 45 weeks post-conceptual age
C. Transcutaneous oxygen electrodes accurately reflect PaO2
D. All of the above E. None of the above
4. Metoclopramide A. Accelerates gastric emptying
B. Decreases pre anesthetic gastric volume
C. Increases lower esophageal sphincter tone
D. Neutralizes acid pH of gastric contents
E. None of the above
5. The bronchoconstriction produced by the parasympathetic irritant reflex may be blocked by each of the following EXCEPT:
A. Local anesthetics
B. Inhalational anesthetics
C. Ketamine D. Thiopental
E. Atropine
(1).D (2).A (3).E (4).A (5).D
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6. In an otherwise healthy 20-year old man after an automobile accident, arterial blood gases on room air are PaO2: 100 mmHg, PaCO2: 40 mmHg, and pH: 7.41. Hemoglobin level is 10 gm/dl.
Oxygen content can be increased to normal levels (20 to 21 ml/dl) by increasing:
A. Hemoglobin to 12 gm/dl. B. Hemoglobin to 15gm/dl
C. FiO2 to 1.0
D. FiO2 to 0.5
E. FiO2 to 1.0 at 2 atmospheres
7. Assuming an initial PaCO2 of 40 mmHg, the PaCO2 expected after 5 minutes of apnea in an anesthetized patient at 37˚C is approximately:
A. 45 to 50 mmHg B. 55 to 60 mmHg
C. 65 to 70 mmHg
D. 75 to 80 mmHg
E. 85 to 90 mmHg
8. A 55-year old man has to undergo transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hypertrophy. On admission he is cyanotic and plethoric; hematocrit is 51%, PaO2 is 49 mmHg, PaCO2 is 48 mmHg, and pH is 7.36. He has a history of heavy smoking, chronic cough, and purulent sputum production in the morning. The most likely diagnosis is:
A. Pan lobular emphysema
B. Sarcoidosis
C. Goodpasture’s syndrome
D. Acute alveolitis E. Chronic bronchitis
9. After bilateral carotid body resection, the ventilatory response to hypoxia is:
A. Normal B. Absent
C. Increased
D. Affected by mixed venous PO2
E. None of the above
10. The most common cause of vocal cord paralysis is:
A. Inflammation
B. Central nervous system disease
C. Malignant neoplasia D. Trauma
E. None of the above
(6).B (7).B (8).E (9).B (10).D
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11. Pulmonary diffusion capacity is:
A. Measured using carbon monoxide
B. Measured using oxygen
C. Decreased in the presence of interstitial pulmonary edema
D. A measure of gas transport from the alveoli to the pulmonary capillaries E. All of the above
12. Regarding aspiration of gastric contents:
A. Alkaline pH precludes severe pneumonitis
B. Prior placement of a nasogastric tube prevents aspiration
C. Use of a cuffed endotracheal tube prevent aspiration
D. Administration of corticosteroids minimizes the post aspiration syndrome E. None of the above
13. The tip of an endotracheal tube moves closer to the carina when the:
A. Neck is flexed
B. Patient is placed in the trendelenburg position
C. Patient is moved from the supine to the sitting position D. All of the above
E. None of the above
14. Inner layer of spinal dura sac in adults ends at:
A. T12 B. S2
C. L2
D. S4
E. L4
15. In a patient with acute idiopathic polyneuritis (Gullian-Barre Syndrome), which of the following measurements should be used as the earliest indicator of the need for endotracheal intubation:
A. Tidal volume less than 6ml/kg
B. Vital capacity less than 12 to 15ml/kg C. Inability to generate -20cm H2O inspiratory pressure
D. Respiratoy rate greater than 30/min
E. PaCO2 greater than 50mmHg
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