NURS 300 Final Exam - Questions and Answers

NURS 300 Final Exam - Questions and Answers Which nursing interventions should a nurse implement when removing an indwelling catheter in an adult patient? Select all that apply. 1. attach a 3ml syringe to the inflation ...

NURS 300 Final Exam - Questions and Answers Which nursing interventions should a nurse implement when removing an indwelling catheter in an adult patient? Select all that apply. 1. attach a 3ml syringe to the inflation port 2. allow the balloon to drain into the syringe by gravity 3. initiate a voiding record/bladder diary 4. pull the catheter quickly 5. clamp the catheter before removal Which nursing intervention decreases the risk for CAUTI? 1. Cleansing the urinary meatus 3 to 4 times daily with antiseptic solution 2. Hanging the urinary drainage bag below the level of the bladder 3. Emptying the urinary drainage bag daily 4. irrigating the urinary catheter with sterile water The nurse is inserting a urinary catheter for a female patient, and after the catheter has been inserted 3 inches, no urine is returned. What should the nurse do next? 1. remove the catheter and start all over with a new kit and catheter 2. leave the catheter there and start over with a new catheter 3. pull the catheter back and reinsert at a different angle 4. ask the patient to bear down and insert the catheter farther Which nursing actions does the nurse take when placing a bedpan under a patient who is immobilized? Select all that apply. 1. lift the patient's hips off the bed and slide the bedpan under the patient 2. after positioning the patient on the bedpan, elevate the HOB to 45 degree angle 3. adjust the HOB so that it is lower than the feet and use gentle but firm pressure to push the bedpan under the patient 4. Have the patient stand beside the bed, and then have the patient sit on the bedpan on the edge of the bed 5. Make sure the patient has a nurse call system in reach to notify the nurse when ready to have the bedpan removed During the administration of a warm tap-water enema, a patient starts to have cramping abdominal pain that he rates 6 out of 10. What nursing action should the nurse take first? 1. stop the instillation 2. ask the patient to take deep breaths to decrease the pain 3. tell the patient to bear down as he would when having a bowel movement 4. continue the instillation; then administer a pain medication Which instructions does the nurse include when education a person with chronic constipation? Select all that apply. 1. increase fiber and fluids in the diet 2. use a low-volume enema daily 3. avoid gluten in the diet 4. take laxative twice a day 5. exercise for 30 minutes every day 6. schedule time to use the toilet at the same time every day 7. take probiotics 5 times a week Which skills does the nurse teach a patient with a new colostomy before discharge from the health care agency? Select all that apply. 1. how to change the pouch 2. how to empty the pouch 3. how to open and close the pouch 4. how to irrigate the colostomy 5. how to determine whether the ostomy is healing appropriately A nurse is teaching a patient about the warning signs of possible colorectal cancer according to the American Cancer Society guidelines. Which statements reflect that the patient understands the teaching? Select all that apply. 1. I need to let my doctor know if my bowel habits start to change 2. blood in the stool is one warning sign I need to look for 3. muscle aches are common in people with colorectal cancer 4. it is not normal to see food particles in the stool 5. some people with colorectal cancer have unexplained abdominal or back pain A nurse is teaching a patient to obtain a specimen for fecal occult blood testing using fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) at home. How does the nurse instruct the patient to collect the specimen? 1. get three fecal smears from one bowel movement 2. obtain one fecal smear from an early-morning bowel movement 3. collect one fecal smear from three separate bowel movements 4. get three fecal smears when you see blood in your bowel movement What should the nurse teach family caregivers when a patient has fecal incontinence because of cognitive impairment? 1. Cleanse the skin with antibacterial soap and apply talcum power to the buttocks 2. initiate a bowel or habit training program to promote continence 3. help the patient go to the toilet once every hour 4. use sanitary pads in the patient's underwear The patient states, "I have diarrhea and cramping every time I have ice cream. I am sure this is because the food is cold." Based on this assessment date, which health problem does the nurse suspect? 1. A food allergy 2. Irritable bowel syndrome 3. Increased peristalsis 4. lactose intolerance What medication can cause constipation in patients? oral opioids What are common bowel elimination problems? constipation, diarrhea, incontinence, flatulence, hemorrhoids How do we know that an ostomy is healthy? beefy red similar to a tomato What diagnostic tests are there for GI system? abdominal xray, colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, swallow test, colonic transit test, stool culture, fecal occult blood test, EGD What are the health promotion tasks we can do as nurses? promotion of normal defecation, colorectal cancer risk reduction What is a concern with patients with ostomies? nutrient intake and psychological concerns What medications increase likelihood of diarrhea? antibiotics, laxatives, cathartics, stool softeners What medications are cathartics? an agent that promotes bowel evacuation by stimulating peristalsis, increasing the fluidity or bulk of intestinal contents, softening the feces or lubricating the intestinal wall Which medications increase the likelihood of constipation? opioids, anticholinergics, antacids, calcium supplements, iron supplements What are bowel diversions? A procedure used for patients who are unable to pass feces through the rectum diverting fecal material from its normal intestinal pathway into a surgically created opening