BIO 224 GI Exam - Questions with Verified Answers

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BIO 224 GI Exam - Questions with Verified Answers The muscles of inspiration include the ______. Select all that apply. scalenes diaphragm external intercostals pectoralis minor Match the muscles wi... th the correct role in ventilation. External intercostals = Inhalation Internal intercostals = Exhalation Indicate the events that occur with inspiration. Diaphragm contracts; thoracic cavity expands; intra-alveolar pressure drops; air flows into lungs Ventilation can be defined as the ______. movement of air into and out of the lungs Correctly place the order of events that occur during quiet expiration. 1. Inspiratory muscles relax. 2. Volume of thoracic cavity decreases. 3. Increase in intra-alveolar pressure. 4. Air flows out of lungs. The diaphragm, external intercostals, pectoralis minor, and scalenes are muscles of ______. inspiration When considering the inspiration/expiration cycle that occurs with pulmonary ventilation, the internal intercostal muscles have a role in the process of ____________ while external intercostals are important in the process of ______________. expiration, inspiration Indicate the order of events that occur with inspiration. 1. Diaphragm and external intercostals contract. 2. Volume of thoracic cavity increases and pressure decreases. 3. Air flows into lungs and alveoli. The muscles of expiration include ______. Select all that apply. internal intercostals abdominal muscles transverse thoracis Indicate the order of events that occur during quiet expiration. Respiratory muscles relax; volume of thoracic cavity decreases; intra-alveolar pressure increases; air flows out of lungs Contraction of the muscles of ______ causes an increase in the volume of the thoracic cavity. Inspiration When muscles of inspiration contract, the volume of the thoracic cavity ______. Increases As the volume of a closed container decreases, the pressure of the gas within it increases. This is an example of which gas law? Boyle's Law Boyle's law explains that the pressure of a volume of gas is inversely proportional to its volume. During quiet breathing, ______ is passive. Expiration Abdominal muscles are active during ______. labored expiration In a chamber such as the thoracic cavity, pressure will decrease as the volume ______. Increases Of the three gas laws, ______ law refers to the relationship between volume and pressure, _____ law discusses why oxygen moves according to its own partial pressure gradient, and _____ law describes why more carbon dioxide is dissolved in plasma than oxygen. Boyle's, Dalton's, Henry's Boyle's law covers the principle that ______. as volume increases, pressure decreases Consider the relationship between air flow, pressure, and resistance. As the pressure gradient increases, air flow ______. Increases During quiet breathing, inspiration is ______.. active True or false: A pressure gradient is necessary for air to flow. True True or false: Abdominal muscles are involved in the expiration process during labored breathing. True In a chamber such as the thoracic cavity, as the volume decreases, pressure ______. Increases Air flows into the lungs when atmospheric pressure is _____ intra-alveolar pressure and air flows out of the lungs when atmospheric pressure is _____ intra-alveolar pressure. greater than, less than Match the name of each gas law with its description. Pulmonary volumes, lung compliance, and alveolar ventilation are ______. means of assessing pulmonary function What does spirometry measure? The volume of air moving into and out of the lungs Match each pulmonary volume with its definition. Match each pulmonary capacity with its approximate value. Indicate some of the tests of pulmonary function used to monitor lung health and/or progression of pulmonary disease. Select all that apply. -Pulmonary volumes -Lung compliance -Minute ventilation The process of measuring volumes of air moving into and out of the respiratory system is called ______. Spirometry Maximal inspiration followed by maximal expiration, done as quickly as possible into a spirometer, is used to measure ______. forced expiratory volume in 1 second The typical residual volume in a young adult male is _____ mL. 1200 Match each pulmonary capacity with its definition. The volume of air moved into and out of the respiratory system per minute is defined as the minute volume The amount of air expired during the first second of expiration is the ______. FEV1 What is dead space? The areas of the respiratory system that do not participate in gas exchange The areas of the respiratory system referred to as the conducting zone are also considered ______. anatomical dead space In order to calculate alveolar ventilation, respiratory rate is multiplied by ______. tidal volume minus dead space Compliance is defined as ______. the ease with which the lungs expand Airway obstruction will ______ pulmonary compliance. Decrease The volume of air available for gas exchange per minute is called the minute ventilation. false Pulmonary diseases in which lung compliance is reduced result in the lungs being ______ to expand. Difficult Which pulmonary condition increases lung compliance? Emphysema The amount of air available for gas exchange per minute is the ______. alveolar ventilation Pulmonary diseases that decrease pulmonary compliance will ___________ the energy required for ventilation. Increase Conditions that reduce lung compliance will have what effect on vital capacity? Decrease Which condition would make the lungs harder to expand? Low compliance Airway obstruction will ______ pulmonary compliance. Decrease Identify the factors that determine the concentration of a dissolved gas. Select all that apply. Solubility coefficient of the gas Partial pressure of the gas The partial pressure of a gas in a mixture represents ______. the amount of pressure exerted by that gas The direction and extent of gas exchange is determined by ______. partial pressure gradients The total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of gases in the mixture is a summary of ______ law. Dalton's A measure of how easily a gas diffuses into and out of a liquid is called its _______. diffusion coefficient The pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture of gases (such as in air) is referred to as the ______ of that gas. partial pressure Which law describes how the pressure and solubility of a gas affect the concentration of that gas in a liquid? [Show More]

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