BIO 228 Lab Exam 2 - Verified with 100% Correct Answers

Document Content and Description Below

BIO 228 Lab Exam 2 - Verified with 100% Correct Answers Which of the following are cells that produce surfactant? type II cell Structures that compose the _______ division of the respiratory tree co... ntain alveoli. Respiratory A toddler coughs when attempting to swallow a bite of hot dog, and the hot dog is directed into the respiratory tree instead of the esophagus. The piece of hot dog is most likely to become lodged in the airways leading to the ____________ lung because the primary bronchus to this lung is more vertically oriented than the primary bronchus to the other lung. Right T or F: Alveoli are sac-like structures that serve as the site of gas exchange. True How is the vital capacity calculated? expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume If someone can exhale forcefully for a short moment and then produces a weak stream of air with lots of wheezing the FEF25-75 will be low. Categorize the following as being associated with either obstructive or restrictive lung disorders. restrictive: tuberculosis, weakening of respiratory muscles, neuromuscular disorders, fibrosis caused by coal dust obstructive: asthma, bronchitis, heavy smoker, bronchoconstriction A pneumothorax occurs when air gets into the pleural cavity. Which of the following would you expect to occur when this happens? -intrapleural pressure would increase -the lungs would deflate / collapse Besides oxygen exchange, the respiratory system also functions to eliminate __________. Too much of this gas can cause a(n) _________ in blood pH, compromising homeostasis. carbon dioxide; decrease With COPD, there is a decreased air flow from the lungs. This could be caused by which of the following reasons? -inflammation of major and small airways -destruction of the walls between your lungs' air sacs -excessive mucus production The partial pressure of oxygen is: the portion of the barometric pressure produced by oxygen. During exercise, an increase in the rate of breathing will increase: the alveolar ventilation. In humans, the fluid that circulates nutrients, wastes, and gases around the body is called: Blood Which of the following is not a component of the respiratory membrane? type 2 cells T or F: The right lung contains two fissures, whereas the left lung contains one fissure. True T or F: As the partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) increases, the percent transmittance of light decreases. True What opposing forces generate the pressure found within the pleural cavity (intrapleural pressure)? -surface tension caused by the serous fluid within the pleural cavity -outward pull of the thoracic cage -elastic recoil of the lungs tissue inward A patient who has a low FEV1% and a low FEF25-75 in a spirometry test should be diagnosed with Obstruction The functions of the respiratory system include all of the following, EXCEPT to maintain body temperature. Which of the following may cause restrictive lung disorder? lung fibrosis Which of the following is the structural component of triglycerides to which fatty acids are attached? Glycerol The esophagus is located in the _____ trachea Posterior T or F: A patient is suffering from gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). When she lies down, she feels a burning sensation in her esophagus caused by the reflux of stomach acids into the esophagus. This occurs because the pyloric sphincter in her stomach is not functioning properly. False T or F: Mucous neck cells are found in gastric pits. True What is the function of bicarbonate that is secreted from the pancreas into the duodenum? buffer the acidic chyme from the stomach The wall of the stomach contains _____ layers of smooth muscle. Three T or F: Amylase, which digests carbohydrates, is an exocrine substance produced by acinar cells in the pancreas. True T or F: The hepatic flexure is on the left side of the body. False Place the layers of the stomach wall in the correct order, from innermost to outermost. 1. muscosa 2. submucosa 3. muscularis 4. serosa T or F: Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT) promotes rehydration by taking advantage of the mechanisms of water absorption in the large intestine. The solution contains sodium, glucose, and water. Sodium and glucose move across the epithelium of the intestinal wall via cotransport. Sodium is the body's greatest source of osmotic pressure and therefore will promote water absorption and retention. true T or F: Increased sodium secretion into the GI tract is likely to increase motility and decrease absorption. True T or F: Orlistat is a weight-loss drug that blocks the absorption of fats from the GI tract into the blood. A consequence of using this medication and then having a high-fat meal would likely be greasy stool and diarrhea. True T or F: A patient presented to his physician with pain in the left lower quadrant of this abdomen due to an adhesion between the visceral peritoneum on the patient's colon and the parietal peritoneum lining his abdominopelvic cavity. The location of his pain indicated that the ascending colon was adhered to the abdominal wall. False T or F: Within normal physiologic range, as temperature increases, enzyme activity will decrease, and as temperature decreases, enzyme activity will increase. False Pancreas secretes Bicarbonate Salivary gland secretes salivary amylase Stomach secretes Pepsin Liver secretes Bile T or F: Escherichia coli is a bacterium that frequently causes gastrointestinal symptoms. Ingesting food that is contaminated with E. coli often leads to bouts of diarrhea. Severe diarrhea causes blood pH to drop, and in order to compensate, respiratory rate will increase. True Where might a gall stone become stuck that would result in pancreatitis? hepatopancreatic ampula Diarrhea is a relatively common condition in which water is either not absorbed or is "pulled" into the lumen of the GI tract. When substances such as ions or undigested materials remain within the lumen of the GI tract, water is attracted to them, thereby preventing the absorption of water. What is pulling the water into the lumen? osmotic pressure The esophagus connects which of the following structures? pharynx and stomach The parietal cells of gastric glands secrete hydrochloric acid [Show More]

Last updated: 10 months ago

Preview 3 out of 9 pages