SFSU ERTH 110 Exam | Questions and Answers

SFSU ERTH 110 Exam | Questions and Answers According to the textbook reading for this week (Module 1), which definition below would be the best definition of Geology? Geology is the scientific study of the nature, orig ...

SFSU ERTH 110 Exam | Questions and Answers According to the textbook reading for this week (Module 1), which definition below would be the best definition of Geology? Geology is the scientific study of the nature, origin and evolution of the Earth and other terrestrial bodies. What are the key differences between a scientific hypothesis and a scientific theory according to the lecture? Choose from the following: A theory is an accumulation of many well-proven and well-accepted hypotheses that explain why phenomenon occurs. What are the key differences between a scientific theory and a scientific law/principle according to the lecture? Choose from the following: A law explains the process of a phenomenon, but not why it occurs like a theory does. According to the lecture, what energy source is Earth using primarily for its internal processes? Radioactive decay According to the lecture, what energy source is Earth using primarily for its external/surficial processes? Solar energy Which of the layers listed below is defined as a layer by composition? Core Which of the layers listed below is defined as a layer by its physical properties Lithosphere Of the choices below, which one represents 100% of the Earth's mantle? Asthenosphere, Mesosphere and the ultramafic section of the Lithosphere. Which layer from the choices below generates Earth's magnetic field? Outer Core Which layer(s) from the choices below are defined by physical properties and could be considered a ductile solid? Asthenosphere & Mesosphere Which layer defined by physical properties is considered a liquid? Outer Core Which statement below best compares the lithosphere to the asthenosphere according to the lecture? The lithosphere is a brittle solid and the asthenosphere is a ductile solid. Which statement below best compares the crust to the lithosphere according to the lecture? The lithosphere is defined by its physical property of being brittle. The crust is defined by its composition (felsic, intermediate and mafic) A long, narrow linear or gently curving deep trench, earthquakes to depths of several hundred kilometers, and volcanoes paralleling the trenches as islands. Ocean-Ocean Convergent Boundary A long, narrow linear or gently curving deep trench, earthquakes to depths of several hundred kilometers, and volcanoes paralleling the trenches on continents. Continent-Ocean Convergent Boundary A long, linear rise in the sea-floor with earthquakes and volcanic activity found along its ridge. Divergent Boundary A land or seafloor region with many quakes right along the boundary line. Depth of the earthquakes are shallow and the topography is not impressive (no real large mountains or valleys). Volcanic activity is not common along this boundary. Transform Boundary Transform Plate Boundary W Convergent Plate Boundary U Divergent Boundary X Shallow Focus Earthquakes W, X, Y Deep Focus Earthquakes U Ocean Trench Y Where do earthquake waves originate from? The Focus Which type of wave below can travel through solids and liquids and is similar to a sound wave? P-waves Choose the region "San Francisco area" for your simulation of an earthquake and click "submit choice". What does the S-P interval represent exactly? Choose the best answer below: It is the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave and the arrival of the S-wave at a seismic station. Eureka, CA: 49 seconds Elko, NV: 72 seconds Las Vegas, NV: 64 seconds Click on "Convert S-P Interval". Read the information on "Determining the Earthquake Distance". It takes an S-wave approximately 70 seconds to travel 300 km. How long does it take the P-wave to travel this same distance? Choose the best answer below 39 seconds Use the S-P graph at the bottom of the webpage and the estimates you made for the S-P travel times for the three seismograms. Choose the closest number that represents the closest distance in the space below: Eureka, CA: 478 km Elko, NV: 703 km Las Vegas, NV: 623 km Type in your answers above into the boxes provided on the webpage and hit "Find Epicenter". The next screen will be a map showing circles. What are these circles themselves individually depicting? The distance between the seismic recording station and the possible earthquake epicenter