Advanced Pathophysiology Quiz 1-Nurs 6501 Walden University |Questions and answers with 100% correct solutions | A+ Grade

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A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following will facilitate his continued muscle performance? ✔✔Answer: Anaerobic glycolysis What causes the rapid ch... ange in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action potential? ✔✔Answer: Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to positive. A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would reveal which of the following? ✔✔Answer: XXY A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the nurse looking for? ✔✔Answer: The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide? ✔✔Answer: Expressivity In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include regarding cholesterol? ✔✔Answer: Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its ability to carry oxygen.A 15-year-old female is diagnosed with Prader-Willi syndrome. This condition is an example of: ✔✔Answer: Gene imprinting When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond? Cystic fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene ✔✔Answer: Autosomal recessive How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes? ✔✔Answer: By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase) The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation as: ✔✔Answer: Sodium The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in: ✔✔Answer: Reduced protein synthesis What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging from diseases? ✔✔Answer: It is difficult to tell the difference because both processes are believed to result from cell injury. What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her features include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and sparse body hair. ✔✔Answer: Turner syndrome A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of the genetic information be contained? ✔✔Answer: NucleolusThe nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of Down syndrome. What is the nurse describing? ✔✔Answer: Maternal nondisjunction A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Huntington disease. Transmission of this disease is associated with: ✔✔Answer: Delayed age of onset A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nurse's best response? ✔✔Answer: Pregnancy in women over age 35 What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction? ✔✔Answer: Provide growth factor for tissue growth and development A newborn male is diagnosed with albinism based on skin, eye, and hair appearance. Which finding will support this diagnosis? ✔✔Answer: Inability to convert tyrosine to DOPA (3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine) Sodium and water accumulation in an injured cell are a direct result of: ✔✔Answer: Decreased ATP production A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The nurse recalls that oncotic pressure (colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by: ✔✔Answer: Plasma proteins The ion transporter that moves Na + and Ca 2+ simultaneously in the same direction is an example of which of the following types of transport? ✔✔Answer: Symport 0 out of 1 pointsA patient has severe mental retardation caused by a deletion of part of chromosome 5. What genetic disorder will the nurse see documented in the chart? ✔✔Answer: Cri du chat syndrome A 20-year-old pregnant female gives birth to a stillborn child. Autopsy reveals that the fetus has 92 chromosomes. What term may be on the autopsy report to describe this condition? ✔✔Answer: Tetraploidy Why is potassium able to diffuse easily in and out of cells? ✔✔Answer: Because the resting plasma membrane is more permeable to potassium [Show More]

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