Review Maternity for Midterm Exam
Chapter 2
Ethnocentrism- One’s own way of doing things is best (nurses don’t use this
approach)
Cultural relativism- Learning about and applying standards of another culture
(nurs
...
Review Maternity for Midterm Exam
Chapter 2
Ethnocentrism- One’s own way of doing things is best (nurses don’t use this
approach)
Cultural relativism- Learning about and applying standards of another culture
(nurses use this approach)
See Traditional cultural beliefs and practice (Table 2-2 page 23).
Chapter 3
Menstruation
Menarche: First menstruation (between 8-12 years of age).
Puberty: It is the entire transitional stage between childhood and sexual maturity.
Happen around 13 years of age.
Menstrual cycle: Periodic uterine bleeding that begins 14 days after ovulation. The
average length is 28 days. The 1 day is the start of the bleeding that last around 5
days, the average blood lost is 50 ml . It is controlled by a feedback system of 3
cycles:
• Endometrial cycle
• Hypothalamic-pituitary cycle
• Ovarian cycle
• Other cyclic changes
Prostaglandins
Are oxygenated fatty acids classified as hormones.
Are produced in most organs of the body including the Uterus.
Effects on:
• Ovulation
• Fertility
• Changes in cervix
• Tubal and uterine motility
• Sloughing of endometrium (menstruation)
• Onset of abortion (spontaneous and induced)
• Onset of labor (term and preterm)
Climacteric and menopause
Climacteric: Transitional phase in which ovarian function and hormone production
decline. Spans the years from onset of premenopausal ovarian decline to
postmenopausal time, when symptoms stop.
Menopause:
• Refers to the last menstrual period
• Dated with certainty 1 year after menstruation ceases
• Average age 51.4 years
• Range of ages 35 to 60 years
Risk factors to Women’s health:
Substance use and abuse
Prescription drug use
Illicit drug use
• Marijuana, cocaine, opiates, methamphetamine, phencyclidine
Alcohol consumption
Cigarette smoking
Caffeine
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