Community Public Health Nursing 7th Edition Nies Test Bank

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ervention ANS: A N R I G B.C M Average increased life span over the past 100 years can be largely attributed to higher standards of living, better nutrition, a healthier environment, and having fe... wer children. Public health efforts such as immunization and medical care have also contributed. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) 13. Why would a public health nurse want to know about morbidity and mortality statistics on the local, state, and national level? a. To be able to share current trends in health problems with the community b. To be able to observe the community’s statistics over time and compare the community with other communities c. To justify local budgets and the need for increased income from citizens d. To publicize current health issues and suggest appropriate actions to citizens ANS: B Although being informed and being able to educate the public is always preferred and nurses often do have to justify budgets, data are needed to compare the local community with itself over time and with other communities so that problems may be recognized and action taken to confront health issues. The first step is always to recognize problems as they develop. DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) 14. How do public health efforts differ from medical efforts in improving the health of our citizens? a. Medical care providers autonomously choose appropriate interventions, whereas public health care providers must engage in whatever actions legislation requires. b. Medical care providers are self-employed or agency employed, whereas public health care providers are emUploSyedNbyTand paiOd through the government. c. Medical care providers focus only on individuals, whereas public health care providers focus only on aggregates. d. Medical care providers focus on disease diagnosis and management, whereas public health care providers focus on health promotion and disease prevention. ANS: D Medical care providers are restricted by insurance and government regulations. Providers may also be employed in government facilities, such as Veterans Administration facilities. However, medical care providers primarily focus on diagnosis and treatment of disease, whereas public health care providers try to promote health and prevent disease. Although medical care providers primarily focus on individuals and public health care providers primarily focus on aggregates, their practice is not limited to only individuals or only aggregates. DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) 15. Which primary prevention would the school nurse choose to address the school’s number of unwed pregnancies? a. Create a class on parenting for both the moms-to-be and the dads-to-be. b. Convince the school board to allow sex education classes to include birth control measures. c. Employ the moms-to-be as 1-hour-a-day employees in the school daycare center for children born to school students. d. Establish a class where all the unwed moms-to-be can learn infant care. ANS: B Primary prevention relates to activities directed at preventing a problem before it occurs by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals. Primary prevention consists of two elements: general health promotion and specific protection. Health promotion efforts enhance resiliency and protective factors and target essentially well populations. Specific protection efforts reduce or eliminate risk factors. Although all choices would be appropriate actions in a school, only education regarding sexuality and birth control would help prevent future pregnancies. DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) 16. What would be the proper term for the action of the school health nurse arranging for all the students in the elementary school to receive H1N1 immunizations? a. Health education b. Secondary prevention c. Specific protection d. Tertiary prevention ANS: C Immunizations are a specific protection effort as part of primary prevention. Primary prevention relates to activities directed at preventing a problem before it occurs by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals. Primary prevention consists of two elements: general health promotion and specific protection. Health promotion efforts enhance resiliency and protective factors and target essentially well populations. Specific protection efforts reduce or eliminate risk factors. Secondary prevention refers to early detection and prompt interveNntUioRnSduIriNngGtThBe p.eCriOodMof early disease pathogenesis. Tertiary prevention targets populations that have experienced disease or injury and focuses on limitation of disability and rehabilitation. Health education would relate to educating the students about the immunization not making the arrangements for the immunization to be given. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) 17. Which action would probably result in the largest change in health care outcomes for Americans? a. Establish large numbers of scholarships for education of nurses, physicians, and other health care providers. b. Fund a one-time extremely large stimulus to allow all health care providers and agencies to create and integrate computer network systems for client health care records. [Show More]

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