Test Bank For Psychology, 14th Edition by Carole Wade Carol Tavris Samuel R Sommers

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Test Bank For Psychology, 14th Edition by Carole Wade Carol Tavris Samuel R Sommers-Psychology is defined as a scientific discipline concerned with . a. understanding how the larger social structure ... impacts the thoughts of individual people b. behavior and mental processes and how they are affected by an organism‘s physical state, mental state, and external environment c. providing mental health care to the community at large d. manipulating behavior, with the goals of reducing the prevalence of psychological disorders and maintaining an ordered society 2. The ability and willingness to assess claims and make objective judgments on the basis of well-supported reasons and evidence rather than on emotion or anecdote is called . a. applied psychology b. critical thinking c. functionalism d. introspection 3. Some forerunners of psychological science proposed the concept of phrenology, which in Greek means . a. a map of thoughts b. a map of behavior c. study of the mind d. study of mental diseases 4. Who established the first psychological laboratory in 1879? a. Sigmund Freud b. John Locke c. William James d. Wilhelm Wundt 5. emphasized understanding the purpose of behavior, as opposed to its analysis and description. a. Structuralism b. Functionalism c. Humanism d. Behaviorism 6. founded the field of psychoanalysis. a. Sigmund Freud b. William James c. Wilhelm Wundt d. E. B. Titchener 7. Which current psychological pillar focuses on how people reason, remember, understand language, and solve problems? a. the learning pillar b. the cognitive pillar c. the developmental pillar d. the psychodynamic pillar 8. The perspective is a pillar of psychology that emphasizes bodily events and changes associated with actions, feelings, and thoughts. a. biological b. learning c. cognitive d. sociocultural 9. Matsumo studies how people change and grow over time physically, mentally, and socially. Matsumo most likely is a(n) psychologist. a. industrial/organizational b. developmental c. educational d. psychometric 10. In almost all states in the U.S., a is required to obtain a license to practice clinical psychology. a. doctorate b. master‘s degree c. medical degree d. certificate from a psychoanalytic institute Chapter 1 – Pop Quiz 1 Answer Key 1. b Rationale: Psychology is a science that uses empirical methods to investigate behavior and mental processes and how they are affected by an organism‘s physical state, mental state, and external environment. (Remember the Facts, Moderate, LO 1.1.A, APA 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology) 2. b Rationale: Critical thinking is the ability and willingness to assess claims and make objective judgments on the basis of well-supported reasons and evidence rather than emotion or anecdote. Critical thinkers are able to look for flaws in arguments and to resist claims that have no support. (Understand the Concepts, Moderate, LO 1.2.A, APA 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology) 3. c Rationale: Phrenology is a Greek word meaning ―the study of the mind.‖ Phrenologists argued that different brain areas accounted for specific character and personality traits, such as stinginess and religiosity. (Remember the Facts, Moderate, LO 1.3.A, APA 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology, 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology‘s content domains) 4. d Rationale: Wilhelm Wundt established the first psychological laboratory in Leipzig, Germany, in 1879. (Remember the Facts, Easy, LO 1.3.B, APA 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology, 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology‘s content domains) 5. b Rationale: Functionalism emphasized the purpose of behavior, whereas structuralism examined the basic elements of the mind. (Understand the Concepts, Easy, LO 1.3.B, APA 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology, 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology‘s content domains) 6. a Rationale: Sigmund Freud was the founder of psychoanalysis. Wilhelm Wundt is referred to as the founder of modern, scientific psychology. (Remember the Facts, Easy, LO 1.3.B, APA 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology, 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology‘s content domains) 7. b Rationale: The cognitive perspective focuses on mental processes in perception, memory, language, problem solving, and other areas of behavior. It is a fundamental pillar of contemporary psychology. (Remember the Facts, Easy, LO 1.4.A, APA 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology, 1.3 Describe applications of psychology) [Show More]

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