NURSING 6541 final EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

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NURSING 6541 final Question 1 1 out of 1 points A small-for-gestational-age, dysmorphic newborn infant has microcephaly and sloping forehead, cutis aplasia (missing portion of the skin and hair)... of the scalp, polydactyly, microphthalmia, and omphalocele. Which of these is the most likely diagnosis? • Question 2 • 1 out of 1 points A 16-year-old girl has enuresis, frequent urination, a white vaginal discharge, and a dark rash around her neck. Her serum glucose level is 250 mg/dL, and her urinalysis is positive for 2+ glucose but is otherwise negative. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? • Question 3 • 1 out of 1 points Mark, age 15, is 5 feet tall andn weighs 85 pounds. You suspect anorexia and know that the best initial approach is to • Question 4 • 1 out of 1 points Which of the following is not a sign or symptom of congenital hypothyroidism? • Question 5 • 0 out of 1 points While doing a 5-year-old well child exam, you notice two small patches of hair loss. Broken hair is present, as is erythema and scaling. On the basis of this information, which of these is the likely diagnosis? • Question 6 • 1 out of 1 points Hope is a 7-month-old who presents in January with a 1-day history of cough, yellow nasal discharge, and low-grade temp (T max 100°F). She was previously healthy. She does have 2+ edema of the nasal turbinates and cloudy rhinorrhea. She is afebrile in the office. Her chest, mouth, and ears are clear. You prescribe: • Question 7 • 1 out of 1 points The parents of an 8-year-old Down Syndrome boy arrive for his annual well-child visit. He wants to participate in sports, including the Special Olympics. Until further examination can be completed, which of the following sports would you suggest as being safe? • Question 8 • 1 out of 1 points Jason, age 14, appears with tender discoid breast tissue enlargement (2-3 cm in diameter) beneath the areola. Your next action would be to • Question 9 • 1 out of 1 points You see a 7-year-old boy a day after he was bitten by his pet dog. According to the mother, the dog bit the child after he snuck up on the dog and grabbed his tail. The dog has had all its vaccinations, including rabies. The child has had no fever, has full movement of the injured limb, and has no sign of neurologic or vascular injury. The wound is on the child’s forearm, is not deep, and is not bleeding, but has developed about 2 cm of erythema surrounding the site. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment? • Question 10 • 1 out of 1 points A head injury in which bruising or tearing of the cerebral structures occurs is a • Question 11 • 1 out of 1 points A 14-year-old has a 3-week history of fever, anorexia, and abdominal pain. What additional symptom would cause the NP to suspect Crohn's disease? • Question 12 • 1 out of 1 points Which of the following should be done annually after 1 year of age in a child with Down syndrome? • Question 13 • 1 out of 1 points A previously healthy male has a 3-month history of increasing headaches, blurred vision, and personality changes. Previously he admitted to marijuana experimentation more than 1 year ago. On examination he is a healthy, athletic-appearing 17-year-old with decreased extraocular range of motion and left eye visual acuity. Which of the following is the best next step in his management? • Question 14 • 1 out of 1 points Kelly, your 11-year-old well visit patient, presents to the office with weight loss, polyuria, and polydipsia. Which of the following do you need to rule out? • Question 15 • 1 out of 1 points A 3-week old presents to the office in January with a 1-week history of nasal congestion and occastional cough. On the night prior to the visit in infant developed a fever 102ºF rectally, was difficult to breastfeed, and had paroxysmal coughing and noisy, labored breathing. On exam, you note an ill-appearing infant who is lethergic with wheezing, tachypnea, and intercostal retractions. The infant is home with the mom at this time; however, has a sibling who is 4-years-old and is in daycare and recently had cold symptoms. If the patient has been diagnosed with RSV bronchiolitis, which of the following would be the treatment of choice? • Question 16 Chest pain in young children is usually • Question 17 • 1 out of 1 points • 1 out of 1 points Maddie, age 2, had a complete blood count (CBC) drawn at her last visit. It indicates that she has a microcytic hypochromic anemia. What should you do now at this visit? • Question 18 • 1 out of 1 points Most children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy become wheelchair dependent by what age? • Question 19 • 1 out of 1 points The following clinical description best matches which genetic disorder? A tall, thin 14-year- old boy has no signs of puberty. He was delayed in his speech development and always has done less well in school than his siblings. He is shy, and teachers report his activity is immature. Physical examination reveals breast development, and long limbs with a decreased upper segment/lower segment ration. He has small testes and phallus. • Question 20 • 1 out of 1 points Of the following patients, which child should not receive a tuberculin skin test? • Question 21 • 1 out of 1 points A 10-year-old male presents with a fever of 102ºF and complaints of leg pains. His mother reports that he had an upper respiratory infecion with a sore throat about 2 weeks ago. No treatment was needed. On examination, he has tender and swollen knees bilaterally. His heart rate is 125 bpm and a blowing systolic murmur is heard at the apex. No murmur was noted at in the chart. The mostly diagnosis is: • Question 22 • 1 out of 1 points When a neonate is initially protected against measles, mumps, and rubella because the mother is immune, this is an example of which type of immunity? • Question 23 • 1 out of 1 points Sarah, age 13, is markedly obese and has a poor self-image. How do you differentiate between compulsive eating and bulemia? • Question 24 • 1 out of 1 points Seborrhea dermatitis is common for both infants and adolescents. Which is not correct for this condition? • Question 25 Which chromosomal abnormality is associated with short stature in girls? • 1 out of 1 points • Question 26 • 1 out of 1 points You see a patient you believe has folliculitis. What medication would be the best to treat this patient? The patient has no allergies. • Question 27 • 1 out of 1 points Antibiotic therapy is one of the mainstays of treatment for which of the following causes of wheezing? • Question 28 • 1 out of 1 points Which of the following symptoms are most suggestive of pneumonia in a young child? • Question 29 • 1 out of 1 points An 11-year-old has been diagnosed with mild intermittent asthma. Which of the following is not a routine part of the clinical management? • Question 30 Generalized absence seizures usually occur in which age group? • Question 31 Which test is routinely recommended for a preparticipation sports physical? • 0 out of 1 points • 1 out of 1 points • Question 32 • 0 out of 1 points A healthy, thriving 4-year-old male has had sudden episodes of drawing his knees to his chest and crying like he is in acute pain for the last 5 hours. These episodes are separated by quiet times when he appears normal and comfortable. He is not vomiting and has not had a bowel movement today. What is the most likely diagnosis. • Question 33 • 1 out of 1 points A 15-day-old infant has respiratory distress. A quick observation suggests she has slight cyanosis, hepatosplenomegaly, and features consistent with Down Syndrome. The cardiac examination demonstrates a loud first heart sound, a low-pitched, mid-diastolic murmur at the lower left sternal border, and a harsh apical holosystolic murmur in the mitral area. Which of the following cardiac conditions most likely explains her heart findings? • Question 34 • 0 out of 1 points An ex-preemie with bronchopulmonary dysplasia has been discharged to home from the NICU. One potential problem area that requires close monitoring is • Question 35 • 1 out of 1 points A 16-year-old presents with pharyngitis, cough, and high fever. Her chest x-ray reveals bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. Her white blood cell count is normal and the neutrophil count is normal. The most likely etiology is • Question 36 • 1 out of 1 points Which of the following vaccines provides protection against a common type of sepsis/meningitis? • Question 37 • 1 out of 1 points A mother brings a 2-year-old to your office with the complaint that she passes 5 to 10 watery stools per day that often contain undigested food. The child appears healthy and has no other GI symptoms. She is acting, eating, and voiding normally. Weight gain is normal and the mother states she often drinks (her favorite drink is Kool-Aid) instead of eating. The best management for this condition is: • Question 38 • 1 out of 1 points Six months after being diagnosed with what appears to be insulin-dependent diabetes, the 5-year- old in the case presentation has a significant decrease in his insulin requirement. Which of the following is the most likely explanation? • Question 39 • 1 out of 1 points Grace, age 15, has been diagnosed with acne. Which of the following is not true with this condition? • Question 40 All of the following is treatment for a child with phimosis except • Question 41 • 1 out of 1 points • 1 out of 1 points Primary dysmenorrhea is due to • Question 42 • 1 out of 1 points Children in child care facilities are at greater risk of being exposed to which of the following infections? • Question 43 • 1 out of 1 points A 14-month-old child has lower extremity bowing, a waddling gait, genu varum, and is at the 5th percentile for height. Laboratory data include low-normal serum calcium, moderately low serum phosphate, and elevated serum alkaline phosphatase levels, hyperphosphaturia, and normal parathyroid levels. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? • Question 44 • 1 out of 1 points A child has developed her second perirectal abscess in 6 months. She should be evaluated for which of the following conditions? • Question 45 The classic radiographic finding of croup is • Question 46 What is the primary treatment for testicular torsion? • 1 out of 1 points • 1 out of 1 points • Question 47 • 1 out of 1 points You see a 7-year-old with a positive stool culture for Salmonella enteriditis. The appropriate therapy for a non-dehydrated child is • Question 48 • 1 out of 1 points Riley, a 12-year-old girl, has scaly, hyperpigmented lesions in a "Christmas tree" distribution. It is predominantly on her trunk. One lesion is on her buttock that is larger than the other, at about 4 cm in diameter. What is your diagnosis? • Question 49 • 1 out of 1 points You are on call and receive a phone call from the parents of a 13-year-old known asthmatic. She has been having chest tightness and a worsening cough for 48 hours. She has significant nasal discharge that began 14 days ago and intermittent complaint of headache. She is now running a low-grade fever. Her peak flow the last 48 hours is 70–80% of personal best. Her temperature right now is 101.7°F. She is on salmeterol with corticosteroid (Advair) and PRN albuterol. Which of the following is most appropriate………………………………………….CONTINUED………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [Show More]

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