Religious Studies > EXAM > HIS 144 Quiz 2 (All)

HIS 144 Quiz 2

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famous defense lawyer Clarence Darrow volunteered to defend science teacher John Scopes, who was arrested for teaching evolution. Scopes was accused of breaking the law by teaching that man had desce ... nded directly from Adam. William Jennings Bryan came to Tennessee to assist Darrow in the defense of Scopes. Scopes was convicted and fined $1,000, but the ACLU was successful in overturning the law prohibiting teaching evolution. the people of Tennessee completely abandoned religious fundamentalism. Industrialists justified their growing financial and political strength in all of the following ways except They claimed their actions benefited all mankind, not just themselves. They pointed to the "survival of the fittest" rationale of Social Darwinism. They said they were exemplars of the Horatio Alger myth. They insisted that they earned what they had from hard work and declined unfair advantages. They stressed their belief in Protestant individualism. The religious group that believed individuals received an "inner light" of divine knowledge from God and that there should be no class distinctions were the Quakers. Huguenots. Protestants. Shakers. New Lights. The Transcendental movement was based on the premise that there were certain truths that humans must grasp if they were to succeed in life. only by learning the "ultimate truths" could humans achieve perfectibility. a utopian community would provide a better form of government than the one that existed in America at the tim social respectability was one of life's greatest rewards. since ultimate truths are unknowable, people must look inward for the answers about how to improve the human condition. ________________, a proponent of Eugenics, dedicated herself to educating women about birth control. Margaret Sanger Charlotte Perkins Gilman Ida B. Wells-Barnett Jane Addams Alice Paul As a result of the Great Awakening, the Baptists lost large numbers of the faithful to the newer religious sects. saw their numbers and influence grow considerably in the Chesapeake. founded Brown College. established their first churches in the colonies. became the strongest sect in New England. The Separatists who landed at Plymouth in 1620 signed the Mayflower Compact because they had come to the new world in order to create a democracy. they were deeply suspicious and fearful of each other. the King's charter required it. they arrived far north of the lands they were promised, so they created an agreement to obey majority rule and defend against eviction. they wanted to sever the ties with the proprietors who had financed their voyage. The significance of Thomas Paine's pamphlet, Common Sense, was that it served as a draft for what would become the Declaration of Independence. moved large numbers of people to support independence by making republican ideals accessible to mainstream colonists. argued that America was already independent; the final break was just a formality. provided a clear system of government for the new nation. included a vision of equality that was radical for its time - including the eventual abolition of slavery. [Show More]

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