Pathophysiology Exam 1 Practice Problems: Questions and Answer Key

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A 10-year-old male is stung by a bee while playing in the yard. He begins itching and develops pain, swelling, redness, and respiratory difficulties. He is suffering from: A. Immunodeficiency B. Au... toimmunity C. Anaphylaxis D. Tissue-specific hypersensitivity - ANSWER ✔ C A 10-year-old male is stung by a bee while playing in the yard. He experiences a severe allergic reaction and has to go to the ER. The nurse providing care realizes this reaction is the result of: A. Toxoids B. IgA C. IgE D. IgM - ANSWER ✔ C IgE is a mediator of many common allergic responses A 10-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting wheezing and difficulty breathing. History reveals that both of the child's parents suffer from allergies. Which of the following terms would be used to classify the child? A. desensitized B. atopic C. hyperactive D. autoimmune - ANSWER ✔ B A 20-year-old college student has presented to her campus medical clinic for a scheduled Pap smear. The clinician who will interpret the smear will examine cell samples for evidence of: A. Changes in cell shape, size, and organization B. Presence of unexpected cell types C. Ischemic changes in cell sample D. Abnormally high numbers of cells - ANSWER ✔ A A 21-year-old female was recently diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. In addition to fatigue and weakness, which of the following clinical signs and symptoms would she most likely exhibit? A. Hyperactivity B. Spoon-shaped nails C. Gait problems D. Petechiae - ANSWER ✔ B A 22-year-old was recently diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Which decreased lab finding would be expected to accompany this virus? A. CD4 helper T cells B. CD8 helper T cells C. CDC cells D. CDC10 cells - ANSWER ✔ A A 23-year-old pregnant female visits her primary care provider for her final prenatal checkup. The primary care provider determines that the fetus has developed an infection in utero. Which of the following would be increased in the fetus at birth? A. IgG B. IgA C. IgM D. IgD - ANSWER ✔ C A 30-year-old male was diagnosed with HIV. Which of the following treatments would be most effective? A. Reverse transcriptase inhibitors B. Protease inhibitors C. Entrance inhibitors D. Highly active antiretroviral therapy - ANSWER ✔ D A 35-year-old female is diagnosed with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia (pernicious anemia). How should the nurse respond when the patient asks what causes pernicious anemia? A decrease in ______ is the most likely cause. A. Ferritin B. Gastric enzymes C. Intrinsic factor D. Erythropoietin - ANSWER ✔ C A 35-year-old male has enlarged lymph nodes in the neck and a mediastinal mass. He was diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma. Which of the following abnormal cells would the nurse expect to find with this disease? A. Merkel cell B. Schwann cell C. Reed-Sternberg cell D. Kupffer cell - ANSWER ✔ C A 5-month-old child is admitted to the hospital with recurring respiratory infections. A possible cause of this condition is: A. Hypergammaglobulinemia B. Increased maternal IgG C. Immune insufficiency D. Decreased maternal antibody breakdown, resulting in hyposensitivity - ANSWER ✔ C Remember, we are immunologically immature when born A 5-year-old female takes a hike through the woods during a school field trip. Upon returning home, she hugs her father, and he later develops poison ivy. Which of the following immune reactions is he experiencing? A. IgE-mediated B. Tissue-specific C. Immune complex D. Cell-mediated - ANSWER ✔ D - type IV hypersensitivity A 5-year-old male presents with low-set ears, a fish-shaped mouth, and involuntary rapid muscular contraction. Laboratory testing reveals decreased calcium levels. Which of the following diagnosis is most likely: A. B cell deficiency B. T cell deficiency C. Combined immunologic deficiency D. Complement deficiency - ANSWER ✔ B A 5-year-old male was diagnosed with normocytic-normochromic anemia. Which of the following anemias does the nurse suspect the patient has? A. Sideroblastic anemia B. Hemolytic anemia C. Pernicious anemia D. Iron deficiency anemia - ANSWER ✔ B A 50-year-old female was diagnosed with sideroblastic anemia. Which of the following assessment findings would most likely occur? A. Bronze colored skin [Show More]

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