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NR 508 Midterm and Final Exam study

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A patient’s nutritional intake and laboratory results reflect hypoalbuminemia. This is critical toprescribing because: • Distribution of drugs to target tissue may be affected. • The solubility of the drug will not match the site of absorption. • There will be less free drug available to generate an effect. • Drugs bound to albumin are readily excreted by the kidneys. 2. Drugs that have a significant first-pass effect: • Must be given by the enteral (oral) route only • Bypass the hepatic circulation • Are rapidly metabolized by the liver and may have little if any desired action • Are converted by the liver to more active and fat-soluble forms 3. The route of excretion of a volatile drug will likely be the: • Kidneys • Lungs• Bile and feces • Skin 4. Medroxyprogesterone (Depo Provera) is prescribed intramuscularly (IM) to create a storagereservoir of the drug. Storage reservoirs: • Assure that the drug will reach its intended target tissue • Are the reason for giving loading doses • Increase the length of time a drug is available and active • Are most common in collagen tissues 5. The NP chooses to give cephalexin every 8 hours based on knowledge of the drug’s: • Propensity to go to the target receptor • Biological half-life • Pharmacodynamics • Safety and side effects Copyright © 2016 F. A. Davis Company 6. Azithromycin dosing requires that the first day’s dosage be twice those of the other 4 days of theprescription. This is considered a loading dose. A loading dose: • Rapidly achieves drug levels in the therapeutic range • Requires four- to five-half-lives to attain • Is influenced by renal function • Is directly related to the drug circulating to the target tissues 7. The point in time on the drug concentration curve that indicates the first sign of a therapeutic effectis the: • Minimum adverse effect level • Peak of action • Onset of action • Therapeutic range 8. Phenytoin requires that a trough level be drawn. Peak and trough levels are done: • When the drug has a wide therapeutic range • When the drug will be administered for a short time only • When there is a high correlation between the dose and saturation of receptor sites • To determine if a drug is in the therapeutic range 9. A laboratory result indicates that the peak level for a drug is above the minimum toxic concentration. This means that the:

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