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NR226 / NR-226 Exam 2 Study Guide : Fundamentals [Patient Care] - Chamberlain

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NR-226 Fundamentals [Patient Care] Exam 2 Study Guide Sleep & Rest Ch. 42 ➢ What is circadian rhythm and how does it affect our day and how does it affect our day and night if we change our sl... eeping habits/job? • Circadian rhythm: 24hr, day/night cycle -Circadian rhythms= influence pattern of major biological & behavioral functions; predictable changing of body temp., HR, BP, hormone secretion, sensory acuity & mood depend on maintenance of 24hr. cir- cadian cycle. -When sleep-wake cycle becomes disrupted ( working rotating shifts) = other physiological functions change  anxiety, restlessness, irritability, impaired judgment are common s/s of sleep cycle distur- bances. *Failure to maintain and individual’s usual sleep- wake cycle= negatively influences PT’s overall health ➢ Identify the stages of sleep & what happens in each stage: • NREM= NON-rapid eye movement REM= rapid eye movement • Stage 1: NREM o Stage lasts a few minutes; it includes lightest level of sleep. o Decrease physiological activity begins with gradual fall in vital signs and metabolism. o Sensory stimuli (ex. Noise) easily arouses person. o Awakened person feels as though daydreaming has occurred. *You don’t always remember dreams; ONLY when you are awoken by a disturbance (ex: alarm) • Stage 2: NREM o Stage lasts 10-20 minutes o A period of sound sleep o Relaxation progresses o Body functions continue to slow o Arousal remains relatively easy • Stage 3 NREM o Stage lasts 15-30 minutes o Involves initial stages of deep sleep o Muscles are completely relaxed o Vital signs decline but remain regular o Sleeper is difficult to arouse and rarely moves • Stage 4 NREM o Stage lasts approximately 15-30 minutes o Deepest stage of sleep o If sleep loss has occurred, sleeper spends a majority of the night in this stage o Vital signs are significantly lower than during waking hours o Sleep walking and enuresis (bed-wetting) sometimes occur o It is very difficult to arouse sleeper • REM Sleep: o Begins about 90 minutes after sleep has begun; *Very difficult to arouse the sleeper o Duration increases with each sleep cycle and averages 20 min. o Vivid, full-color dreaming occurs; less-vivid dreaming occurs in other stages [Show More]

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