NURS 3366 Merged Questions and Answers Rationales, Basic Concepts of Pathophysiology & Implications for Nursing, Genetic Influence, Intracellular Functions

Document Content and Description Below

1 Basic Concepts of Pathophysiology & Implications for Nursing Questions 1 & 2 below refer to the following situation: A 55-year-old man with emphysema (a type of chronic lung disease) who has sm oked... 2 packs of cigarettes per day for 40 years is hospitalized for acute onset of cough productive of bloody sputum (sputum=secretions from deep in the lungs). After a few days of testing and treatment, the patient’s nurse reads a physician’s note on the chart: “I have told the patient that the etiologies of his hemoptysis are: 1) exacerbation of his chronic emphysema and 2) the new diagnosis of lung cancer. The onsets of both were contributed to by his longstanding smoking.” 1. The patient asks the nurse for more information. Which of the following explanations to the patient best indicates a full understanding of the patient’s situation? 2. Based on all the information you have on the patient, which statement is most likely correct? 2 Questions 3 & 4 refer to the following situation: An 80-year-old patient is in shock from loss of blood following an accident. His vital signs are: BP 80/50 (normal ~ 120/80), HR 120 (norm = 60-100), RR 20 (norm = 12 to 20), T 98.6 (norm ~ 98.6). 3. In assessing this patient, the nurse understands that the abnormal HR is 4. The patient would also most likely have all of the following EXCEPT a. . 5. A young, otherwise healthy patient is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of heart failure of unknown cause. The etiology of the heart failure would be termed 6. To do well in this course, a student should Questions 7-10 refer to the following situation A 55 year old male is in the ER having a myocardial infarction (heart attack, AKA “M.I.”), which is caused by coronary arteries that are clogged with fat and narrowed so that not enough oxygen–rich blood is getting to his heart. He admits that his daily nutrition is poor, consisting mainly of high-fat fast food. He has a family history of cardiac disease-- his father had a heart attack at age 46. The patient is obese and is a heavy cigarette smoker-- 2 PPD (packs per day). The patient said he had decided to take up jogging today and after a few minutes began having chest pain, nausea and shortness of breath. He went to the ER and was noted to have profuse diaphoresis (heavy sweating), tachycardia (rapid heart rate), and significant changes on his electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG). The patient recovers from this acute heart attack but his heart is so damaged that subsequently he has many episodes of congestive heart failure and many hospitalizations. 3 7. Without even having further knowledge of course material related to MI’s, you can tell a lot about the scenario from careful reading and knowledge of basic patho verbiage. Example: The paragraph above suggests that the direct pathophysiologic etiology of the heart attack (MI) is most likely related to 8. In reading the paragraph above, it is easy to find 4 risk factors—things that “set the stage” for this patient to have a heart attack. They include all the following EXCEPT a. . 9. Which mini-concept map do you think best describes accurate linkage between underlying pathophysiology and signs and symptoms (S&S) described in this scenario? 4 10. A sequela of the MI was 11. The most likely sequela of not submitting a weekly assignment by Wednesdays at 8am is 12. At the end of the semester, a student has a total assignment average grade of 100% and a 69.7% total test average grade. What grade did the student make for this semester (see syllabus)? a. 13. Student Katniss Everdeen has been submitting her assignments and tests before the deadlines and making good grades. One day during an unexpected storm, her internet connection goes down in the middle of a test. Since she is a consistently focused and dedicated student, what action do you think she will take? She will 5 14. After not eating since breakfast 6 hours ago, a student taking a test notices a period of hunger and fatigue. He doesn’t have access to food because he is taking the test. About 10 minutes later, though, he begins to feel ok again and finishes the test with flying colors. What has happened in his body? a. . 15. Which sets of sentences match each other correctly? Genetic Influence in Disease 16. A child is born to a couple, one of whom is heterozygous for an autosomal dominant disease. The other parent is homozygous normal. What would be the child’s chances of having the disease? (Use a Punnett square to figure this out). 6 17. A child is born to a couple, one of whom is a carrier for a sex-linked recessive disease. The other parent has the disease (“having” the disease means the phenotype is seen—ie, S&S). What would be the chances that the couple has a child with the disease? (Use a Punnett square to figure this out.) 18. In the question above, what are the chances that the child will be a carrier? 19. An RN is taking care of a cocaine addict who has just given birth to a baby with a teratogenic defect. A student nurse asks him what the probable etiology was. The RN shows understanding of genetic disorders when he says 20. A child with sickle cell anemia presents with pain all over, especially the joints. Which of the following best links the patho with S&S? ....................................................................CONTINUED........................................................... [Show More]

Last updated: 2 years ago

Preview 1 out of 74 pages