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ER EOR Practice Questions and Answers with Complete Solutions Rated A 2025

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A 59-year-old man presents to the emergency department (ED) complaining of new onset chest pain that radiates to his left arm. He has a history of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and a 20-pack-yea ... r smoking history. His electrocardiogram (ECG) is remarkable for T-wave inversions in the lateral leads. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management? a. Give the patient two nitroglycerin tablets sublingually and observe if his chest pain resolves. b. Place the patient on a cardiac monitor, administer oxygen, and give aspirin. c. Call the cardiac catheterization laboratory for immediate percutaneous intervention (PCI). d. Order a chest x-ray; administer aspirin, clopidogrel, and heparin. e. Start a β-blocker immediately. - *B*. (Rosen, pp 1039-1044.) The patient's presentation is classic for an ACS. He has multiple risk factors with T-wave abnormalities on his ECG. The most appropriate initial management includes placing the patient on a cardiac monitor to detect dysrhythmias, establish intravenous access, provide supplemental oxygen, and administer aspirin. If the patient is having active chest pain in the ED, sublingual nitroglycerin or morphine should be administered until the pain resolves. This decreases wall tension and myocardial oxygen demand. A common mnemonic used is MONA(Morphine, Oxygen, Nitroglycerin, Aspirin) greets chest pain patients at the door. (a) Although nitroglycerin is one of the early agents used in ACS, it is prudent to first rule out a right ventricular infarct, which if present, may lead to hypotension. (c) PCI is warranted if the patient's ECG showed STsegment elevation. (d) The patient will require a chest x-ray and most likely receive clopidogrel and heparin; however this is done only afterbeing on a monitor with oxygen and chewing an aspirin. (e) β-Blockers are usually added for tachycardia, hypertension, and persistent pain and only given once the patient is evaluated for contraindications. Relative contraindications to the use of β-blockers include asthma or chronic obstructive lung disease, CHF, and third-trimester pregnancy. [Show More]

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