ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; NURS 6501 QUIZ 1 | COMPREHENSIVE Q&A FOR CERTIFICATION SUCCESS

ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; NURS 6501 QUIZ 1 | COMPREHENSIVE Q&A FOR CERTIFICATION SUCCESS What is genomic imprinting?-correct-answer-The silencing of a gene that is 'stamped' with an imprint during gamete production. What ...

ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; NURS 6501 QUIZ 1 | COMPREHENSIVE Q&A FOR CERTIFICATION SUCCESS What is genomic imprinting?-correct-answer-The silencing of a gene that is 'stamped' with an imprint during gamete production. What is epigenetics?-correct-answer-the study of how the environment affects which genes are expressed Recurrence risk for autosomal dominant diseases-correct-answer-50% Recurrence risk for autosomal recessive diseases-correct-answer-25% What is consanguinity?-correct-answer-marriage between blood relatives 2 | P a g e What gene determines sex?-correct-answer-SRY gene, typically on the Y chromosome. If a Y chromosome lacks SRY gene an XY female can be produced, also if an X chromosome has an SRY gene an XX male may be produced What is a sex-influenced trait?-correct-answer-sex influenced inheritance are genetic trends based on sex -i.e. gene that expresses for baldness in men does not for women Why would X-linked recessive genes be seen more in males?-correct-answerbecause males need only one copy of the gene to express the disease Why are skipped generation diseases seen in X-linked diseases?-correct-answerBiologic fathers cannot pass X-linked genes to their sons and the gene can be transmitted through carrier females What is a sex limited characteristic?-correct-answer-one that occurs only in one sex What are polygenic traits?-correct-answer-traits that are controlled by two or more genes 3 | P a g e Prediction of disease-correct-answer-A marker locus, when closely linked to a disease-gene locus, can be used to predict whether an individual will develop a genetic disease. What are multifactorial traits?-correct-answer-traits that depend on multiple genes combined with environmental influences What is cellular adaptation?-correct-answer-a reversible, structural, or functional response both to normal or physiologic conditions and to adverse or pathologic conditions What is the threshold of liability?-correct-answer-In many multifactorial traits, once the threshold of liability has been crossed, the disease may be expressed. What is atrophy?-correct-answer-decrease in cell size What are the most commonly seen adaptive cell changes?-correct-answeratrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, and metaplasia