South University - NSG 5003QUIZES W6-10. Instructor Explanations Provided

South University - NSG 5003 QUIZZES W6-10 MID TERM EXAM Question : What two types of hearing loss are associated with noise? Student Answer: Acoustic trauma and noise induced High frequency and low ...

South University - NSG 5003 QUIZZES W6-10 MID TERM EXAM Question : What two types of hearing loss are associated with noise? Student Answer: Acoustic trauma and noise induced High frequency and low frequency High frequency and acoustic trauma Noise induced and low frequency Question 7. Question : A hypersensitivity reaction that produces an allergic response is called: Student Answer: Hemolytic shock Anaphylaxis Necrotizing vasculitis Systemic erythematosus Question 8. Question : Which cytokine is produced and released from virally infected host cells? Student Answer: IL-1 IL-10 Tumor necrosis factor–alpha (TNF-α) Interferon-alpha (IFN-α) Question 10. Question : Which T-lymphocyte phenotype is the key determinant of childhood asthma? Student Answer: CD4 helper T 1 (Th1) lymphocytes CD4 helper T 2 (Th2) lymphocytes CD8 cytotoxic T (Tc) lymphocytes Memory T lymphocytes Question 12. Question : Some older adults have impaired inflammation and wound healing because of which problem? Student Answer: The circulatory system cannot adequately perfuse tissues. Complement and chemotaxis are deficient. Underlying chronic illnesses exist. The number of mast cells is insufficient. Question 13. Question : The role of cytokines in cell reproduction is that they: Student Answer: Provide growth factor for tissue growth and development. Block the progress of cell reproduction through the cell cycle. Restrain cell growth and development. Provide nutrients for cell growth and development. Question 15. Question : Which characteristic is the most important determinant of immunogenicity when considering the antigen? Student Answer: Size Foreignness Complexity Quantity Question 16. Question : How do cells receive communication from the extracellular fluid surrounding them? Student Answer: Through the protein channel (gap junction) Via the plasma membrane–bound signaling molecules (involving receptors) Through hormone secretion such as neurotransmitters By chemical messengers such as ligands Question 17. Question : In a normal, nonmutant state, an oncogene is referred to as a: Student Answer: Basal cell Target cell Caretaker gene Proto-oncogene Question 19. Question : What is the primary cause of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of the newborn? Student Answer: Immature immune system Small alveoli Surfactant deficiency Anemia Question 20. Question : Which mode of chemical signaling uses blood to transport communication to cells some distance away? Student Answer: Paracrine Autocrine Neurotransmitter Hormonal Question 22. Question : Which component of the plasma protein system tags pathogenic microorganisms for destruction by neutrophils and macrophages? Student Answer: Complement cascade Coagulation system Kinin system Immune system Question 23. Question : In a type III hypersensitivity reaction, the harmful effects after the immune complexes are deposited in tissues are a result of: Student Answer: Cytotoxic T (Tc) cells Natural killer (NK) cells Complement activation Degranulation of mast cells Question 24. Question : Which statement about exotoxins is true? Student Answer: Exotoxins are contained in cell walls of gram-negative bacteria. Exotoxins are released during the lysis of bacteria. Exotoxins are able to initiate the complement and coagulation cascades. Exotoxins are released during bacterial growth. Question 25. Question : Which intracardiac pressure is generated by atrial contraction? Student Answer: A wave C wave Y descent X descent Question 28. Question : Research supports the premise that exercise has a probable impact on reducing the risk of: Student Answer: Liver cancer Endometrial cancer Stomach cancer Colon cancer Question 33. Question : Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure results in edema because of: Student Answer: Losses or diminished production of plasma albumin Inflammation resulting from an immune response Blockage within the lymphatic channel system Sodium and water retention Question 34. Question : What is an example of compensatory hyperplasia? Student Answer: Hepatic cells increase cell division after part of the liver is excised. Skeletal muscle cells atrophy as a result of paralysis. The heart muscle enlarges as a result of hypertension. The size of the uterus increases during pregnancy. Question 35. Question : Which factor contributes to the production of mucus associated with chronic bronchitis? Student Answer: Airway injury Pulmonary infection Increased goblet cell size Bronchospasms Question 36. Question : During which phase of the cell cycle is deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesized? Student Answer: G1 S G2 M Question 37. Question : What is the single most common cause of cellular injury? Student Answer: Hypoxic injury Chemical injury Infectious injury Genetic injury Question 38. Question : Considering the hypothalamus, a fever is produced by: Student Answer: Endogenous pyrogens acting directly on the hypothalamus Exogenous pyrogens acting directly on the hypothalamus Immune complexes acting indirectly on the hypothalamus Cytokines acting indirectly on the hypothalamus Question 39. Question : Which statement is true regarding hypoxemia? Student Answer: Hypoxemia results in the increased oxygenation of arterial blood. Respiratory alterations cause hypoxemia. Hypoxemia results in the decreased oxygenation of tissue cells. Various system changes cause hypoxemia. Question 40. Question : Which hormone prompts increased anxiety, vigilance, and arousal during a stress response? Student Answer: Norepinephrine Epinephrine Cortisol Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) FINAL EXAM What is the purpose of administering ibuprofen to individuals being treated for frostbite? Student Answer: Treating fever Preventing platelet aggregation Reducing pain Inhibiting prostaglandins Question 3. Question : Which statement is incorrect regarding gallbladder function? Student Answer: Within thirty minutes of eating, the gallbladder forces bile into the stomach. Cholinergic branches of the vagus nerve mediate gallbladder contraction. Cholecystokinin provides hormonal regulation of gallbladder contraction. The sphincter of Oddi controls the flow of bile from the gallbladder. Question 6. Question : What is the cause of functional dysphagia? Student Answer: Intrinsic mechanical obstruction Extrinsic mechanical obstruction Tumor Neural or muscular disorders Question 8. Question : Which clinical manifestations of a urinary tract infection may be demonstrated in an eighty-five-year-old individual? Student Answer: Confusion and poorly localized abdominal discomfort Dysuria, frequency, and suprapubic pain Hematuria and flank pain Pyuria, urgency, and frequency Question 16. Question : Exposure to what protects the mucosal barrier of the stomach? Student Answer: Prostaglandins Aspirin Helicobacter pylori Regurgitated bile Question 17. Question : After puberty, the epiphyseal plate calcifies and the epiphysis merges with the: Student Answer: Epiphyseal line Epiphyseal plate Metaphysis Articular cartilage Question 18. Question : Hepatic fat accumulation is observed in which form of cirrhosis? Student Answer: Biliary Metabolic Postnecrotic Alcoholic question 27. Question : Which glycoprotein protects against urolithiasis and is a ligand for lymphokines? Student Answer: Uromodulin Nephrin Urodilatin Cystatin