Application Questions.
HMEMS80 EXAM PACK
SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. What is the primary purpose of a literature review in a research study?
a) To provide a summary of every book ever written on the
...
Application Questions.
HMEMS80 EXAM PACK
SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. What is the primary purpose of a literature review in a research study?
a) To provide a summary of every book ever written on the topic
b) To identify gaps in existing knowledge and situate the current study
c) To prove that the researcher has read extensively without critical analysis
d) To create a list of references for the final page
Answer: b) To identify gaps in existing knowledge and situate the current study
Rationale: A literature review synthesizes existing research to identify what is known, what
is debated, and most importantly, what gaps remain. This justifies the need for the new
study. Option a is incorrect because it is not a summary but a critical synthesis; c is poor
practice; d is a byproduct, not the purpose.
2. Which research paradigm assumes that reality is objective, singular, and
independent of the researcher?
a) Interpretivism
b) Constructivism
c) Positivism
d) Critical theory
Answer: c) Positivism
Rationale: Positivism holds that reality exists independently of human perception and can
be measured objectively. Interpretivism (a) and Constructivism (b) argue that reality is
socially constructed. Critical theory (d) focuses on power structures and oppression.
3. A researcher uses a Likert scale to measure employee satisfaction. What level of
measurement is this typically considered?
a) Nominal
b) Ordinal
c) Interval
d) Ratio
Answer: b) Ordinal
Rationale: While Likert scales are often treated as interval in advanced statistics,
technically they are ordinal because the distance between "strongly agree" and "agree" is
not mathematically proven to be equal. Nominal (a) is for categories without order; Ratio
(d) has a true zero.
4. Which sampling technique involves dividing the population into subgroups
(strata) and then randomly sampling from each subgroup?
a) Simple random sampling
b) Cluster sampling
c) Quota sampling
d) Stratified random sampling
Answer: d) Stratified random sampling
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