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Physical Examination & Health Assessment

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Test Bank: Physical Examination & Health Assessment 7e (Jarvis 2015) D No amount of alcohol has been determined to be safe for pregnant women. The potential adverse effects of alcohol use on the fetus are well known; women who are pregnant should be screened for alcohol use, and abstinence should be recommended. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing (Analysis) REF: p. 92 MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control 6. When reviewing the use of alcohol by older adults, the nurse notes that older adults have several characteristics that can increase the risk of alcohol use. Which would increase the bioavailability of alcohol in the blood for longer periods in the older adult? a. Increased muscle mass b. Decreased liver and kidney functioning c. Decreased blood pressure d. Increased cardiac output ANS: B Decreased liver and kidney functioning increases the bioavailability of alcohol in the blood for longer periods. Aging people experience decreased muscle mass (not increased), which also increases the alcohol concentration in the blood because the alcohol is distributed to less tissue over time. Blood pressure and cardiac output are not factors regarding bioavailability. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) REF: p. 92 MSC: Client Needs: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation 7. During an assessment, the nurse asks a female patient, How many alcoholic drinks do you have a week? Which answer by the patient would indicate at-risk drinking? a. I may have one or two drinks a week. b. I usually have three or four drinks a week. c. Ill have a glass or two of wine every now and then. d. I have seven or eight drinks a week, but I never get drunk. ANS: D For women, having seven or more drinks a week or three or more drinks per occasion is considered at-risk drinking, according to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) REF: p. 91 MSC: Client Needs: Physiologic Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential

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